如何在 Windows 64 位机器上将 C++ 应用程序编译为 x64 模式？

Question

我已经安装了 Windows SDK 7.1 平台工具，并打开了一个名为 Microsoft Windows 7 x64 Debug Build Environment 的终端。现在我想使用 cl.exe 命令编译一个 C++ 应用程序（名为 main.cpp）。编译命令为：

    cl main.cpp

然后，输出main.obj和main.exe文件。但是当我尝试运行 main.exe 时，它在 begin computing dist 之后和 end computing dist. 之前崩溃了我认为我应该将应用程序编译成 x64 程序。请问有人可以给点建议吗？

main.cpp如下：

    #include <cstdio>
    #include <cstdlib>
    #ifdef _MSC_VER
    typedef unsigned __int32 uint32_t;
    typedef unsigned __int64 uint64_t;
    #include <intrin.h>
    #include <windows.h>
    #else
    #include <stdint.h>
    #include <sys/time.h>
    #include <unistd.h>
    #endif

    int main(int argc, char **argv) {

    int nTrn = 10;
    int nTst = 10;
    int nDim = 1; // 64 bit
    printf("allocate memory for feats.\n");
    uint64_t *trn_feat = new uint64_t[nTrn]; // nTrn x nDim
    uint64_t *tst_feat = new uint64_t[nTst]; // nTst x nDim

    printf("initialize the feats.\n");
    for(int i=0; i<nTrn; i++)
        trn_feat[i] = (((uint64_t) rand() <<  0) & 0x000000000000FFFFull) | 
                      (((uint64_t) rand() << 16) & 0x00000000FFFF0000ull) | 
                      (((uint64_t) rand() << 32) & 0x0000FFFF00000000ull) |
                      (((uint64_t) rand() << 48) & 0xFFFF000000000000ull);
    for(int i=0; i<nTst; i++)
        tst_feat[i] = (((uint64_t) rand() <<  0) & 0x000000000000FFFFull) | 
                      (((uint64_t) rand() << 16) & 0x00000000FFFF0000ull) | 
                      (((uint64_t) rand() << 32) & 0x0000FFFF00000000ull) |
                      (((uint64_t) rand() << 48) & 0xFFFF000000000000ull);

    printf("allocate memory for dist matrix.\n");
    uint64_t *dist = new uint64_t[nTrn*nTst];

    #ifdef _MSC_VER
    LARGE_INTEGER StartingTime, EndingTime, ElapsedMicroseconds;
    LARGE_INTEGER Frequency;
    QueryPerformanceFrequency(&Frequency);
    QueryPerformanceCounter(&StartingTime);
    #else
    struct timeval start, end;
    long seconds, useconds;
    double mtime;
    gettimeofday(&start, NULL);
    #endif

    printf("begin computing dist.\n");
    for(int iter=0; iter<100; iter++) {
        for(int i=0; i<nTrn; i++) {
             for(int j=0; j<nTst; j++) {
                 uint64_t n = (trn_feat[i] ^ tst_feat[j]);
    #ifdef _MSC_VER
                 dist[i*nTst + j] = __popcnt64(n);
    #else
                 dist[i*nTst + j] = __builtin_popcountll(n);
    #endif
             }     
        }
    }
    printf("end computing dist.\n");

    #ifdef _MSC_VER
    QueryPerformanceCounter(&EndingTime);
    ElapsedMicroseconds.QuadPart = EndingTime.QuadPart - StartingTime.QuadPart;
    ElapsedMicroseconds.QuadPart *= 1000000;
    ElapsedMicroseconds.QuadPart /= Frequency.QuadPart;
    double mtime = (double)ElapsedMicroseconds.QuadPart;
    printf("Average time: %.6f nanoseconds\n", (1e6*mtime)/100/(nTrn*nTst));
    #else
    gettimeofday(&end, NULL);
    seconds = end.tv_sec - start.tv_sec;
    useconds = end.tv_usec - start.tv_usec;
    mtime = ((seconds) * 1000 + useconds/1000.0) + 0.5;
    printf("Total elapsed time: %.6f milliseconds\n", mtime);
    printf("Average time: %.6f nanoseconds\n", (1e6*mtime)/1000/(nTrn*nTst));
    #endif

    delete[] trn_feat;
    delete[] tst_feat;
    delete[] dist;

    }

Answer 1

以下是可能的答案：

安装Visual Studio Community 2015
从 Visual Studio Group

Visual Studio x64 terminal

cl.exe main.cpp /link /machine:x64

然后输出一个main.exe

到运行main.exe，有两个必要条件：

机器或CPU可以支持__popcnt64指令集。查看机器是否支持，参考__cpuid.
Windows 操作系统是 64 位。

如何在 Windows 64 位机器上将 C++ 应用程序编译为 x64 模式？

How to compile c++ application into x64 mode in Windows 64bit machine?

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