使用 Autofixture 将子实例的属性值设置为固定值

Setting property value on child instance to a fixed value with Autofixture

在使用 Autofixture 构建父实例时,是否可以为子实例的属性分配固定值?它将像魅力一样为子实例上的所有属性添加默认值,但我想覆盖并为子实例上的一个属性分配一个特定值。

鉴于此 parent/child 关系:

public class Person
{
    public string FirstName { get; set; }
    public string LastName { get; set; }

    public Address Address { get; set; }
}

public class Address
{
    public string Street { get; set; }
    public int Number { get; set; }
    public string City { get; set; }
    public string PostalCode { get; set; }
}

我想为地址实例上的 City 属性指定一个特定值。我在考虑这个测试代码的行:

var fixture = new Fixture();

var expectedCity = "foo";

var person = fixture
    .Build<Person>()
    .With(x => x.Address.City, expectedCity)
    .Create();

Assert.AreEqual(expectedCity, person.Address.City);

那是不可能的。我猜,通过反射异常

System.Reflection.TargetException : Object does not match target type.

...Autofixture 尝试将值分配给 Person 实例而不是 Address 实例上的 City 属性。

有什么建议吗?

是的,我知道我可以像下面这样添加一个额外的步骤:

var fixture = new Fixture();

var expectedCity = "foo";

// extra step begin
var address = fixture
    .Build<Address>()
    .With(x => x.City, expectedCity)
    .Create();
// extra step end

var person = fixture
    .Build<Person>()
    .With(x => x.Address, address)
    .Create();

Assert.AreEqual(expectedCity, person.Address.City);

...但希望有第一个版本或类似的东西(更少的步骤,更简洁)。

注意:我使用的是 Autofixture v3.22.0

您可以在构建器上使用 Do 方法:

var person = this.fixture
               .Build<Person>()
               .Do( x => x.Address.City = expectedCity )
               .Create();

您还可以将您的实例注入并冻结到夹具中:

this.fixture.Inject( expectedCity );

不要对这个问题不屑一顾,但最简单的解决方案实际上可能是这样的:

[Fact]
public void SimplestThingThatCouldPossiblyWork()
{
    var fixture = new Fixture();
    var expectedCity = "foo";
    var person = fixture.Create<Person>();
    person.Address.City = expectedCity;
    Assert.Equal(expectedCity, person.Address.City);
}

大多数语言已经 excel 为属性分配显式值(C# 确实如此),所以我认为 AutoFixture 不需要复杂的 DSL 来重现该功能的一半。

为了完整起见,这里有另一种方法:

fixture.Customize<Address>(c => 
    c.With(addr => addr.City, "foo"));

var person = fixture.Create<Person>();

这将自定义 Address

所有实例的创建

如果您最终经常使用它,可能值得将它包装在 ICustomization:

public class AddressConventions : ICustomization
{
    public void Customize(IFixture fixture)
    {
        fixture.Customize<Address>(c => 
            c.With(addr => addr.City, "foo"));
    }
}

fixture.Customize(new AddressConventions());