python3 xpath can't reach a child node (AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'text')

Question

需要帮助解决一些我没能找到的问题

我有一个像这样的 xml：

<forecast xmlns="http://weather.yandex.ru/forecast" country_id="8996ba26eb0edf7ea5a055dc16c2ccbd" part="Лен Стокгольм" link="http://pogoda.yandex.ru/stockholm/" part_id="53f767b78d8f180c28d55ebda1d07e0c" lat="59.381981" slug="stockholm" city="Стокгольм" climate="1" country="Швеция" region="10519" lon="17.956846" zoom="12" id="2464" source="Station" exactname="Стокгольм" geoid="10519">
<fact>...</fact>
<yesterday id="435077826">...</yesterday>
<informer>...</informer>
<day date="2016-04-18">
    <sunrise>05:22</sunrise>
    <sunset>20:12</sunset>
    <moon_phase code="growing-moon">14</moon_phase>
    <moonrise>15:53</moonrise>
    <moonset>04:37</moonset>
    <biomet index="3" geomag="2" low_press="1" uv="1">...</biomet>
    <day_part typeid="1" type="morning">...</day_part>
    <day_part typeid="2" type="day">...</day_part>
    <day_part typeid="3" type="evening">...</day_part>
    <day_part typeid="4" type="night">...</day_part>
    <day_part typeid="5" type="day_short">
        <temperature>11</temperature>
    </day_part>
</day>
</forecast>

（整个 xml 可以在 https://export.yandex.ru/weather-ng/forecasts/2464.xml 到达）。需要得到 temperature.text (11)，试试这个代码：

import urllib.request
import codecs
import lxml
from xml.etree import ElementTree as ET

def gen_ns(tag):
    if tag.startswith('{'):
        ns, tag = tag.split('}') 
        return ns[1:]
    else:
        return ''
with codecs.open(fname, 'r', encoding = 'utf-8') as t:
        town_tree = ET.parse(t)
        town_root = town_tree.getroot() 
        print (town_root)

        namespaces = {'ns': gen_ns(town_root.tag)}
        print (namespaces)

        for day in town_root.iterfind('ns:day', namespaces):
            date = (day.get('date'))
            print (date)
            day_temp = day.find('.//*[@type="day_short"]/temperature')  
            print (day_temp.text)

得到：

Traceback (most recent call last):
File "weather.py", line 154, in <module>
    print (day_temp.text)
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'text'

我的 xpath 有什么问题？我可以获取 ('.//*[@type="day_short"]') 的属性，但无法获取其子（温度）文本谢谢大家！

Answer 1

xml 文档包含一个默认命名空间，而 XPath 没有默认命名空间的概念。在 XPath 中，您需要将它映射到一个前缀（就像您使用 day 所做的那样）或使用其他方法，例如 local-name 来确定元素的标签名称是否与您想要的匹配。

.//*[@type="day_short"]/*[local-name()='temperature']

或

day_temp = day.find('.//*[@type="day_short"]/ns:temperature', namespaces)

python3 xpath can't reach a child node (AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'text')

python3 xpath can't reach a child node (AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'text')

python

xml

xpath

attributeerror