如果所有按钮的 'id'、'class'、'type'、'value' 和 'name' 等元素都相同，如何使用 Xpath 唯一标识按钮

Question

我的页面中有三个按钮，我需要在不同的时间点单击其中的两个按钮。但我无法做到这一点，因为 xpath 和其他 html 元素（id、class、type、value 和 name ) 对于所有这些按钮都是相同的。我怎样才能唯一地识别这些按钮以供点击？注意按钮在同一页面的不同位置，需要依次点击。

我试过这样：

driver.findElement(By.xpath("(//input[@name='submit'])[2]")).click();

并且能够单击一个按钮。但是当我尝试使用“3”而不是两个时，什么也没有发生。 HTML:

<document>
<html class="js" lang="en" dir="ltr" xml:lang="en" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<body class="not-front logged-in page-manage-listing-agent no-sidebars tableHeader-processed">
<!-- wrapper -->
<div id="wrapper">
<!-- container -->
<div id="container">
<!-- page_wrapper -->
<div id="page_wrapper">
<!-- page -->
<div id="page">
<!-- page-header -->
<div id="page-header" class="style_float">
<!--end page-header -->
<div class="clear"/>
<!-- main menu -->
<div class="style_main_menu">
<!--end main menu -->
<div class="clear"/>
<div id="subheading" class="style_flow">
<div class="clear"/>
<!-- center -->
<div id="center" class="style_center_content_default">
<!-- content above -->
<div class="style_content_above_wrapper">
<!-- end content above -->
<!-- left side bar -->
<div id="sidebar-left" class="sidebar">
<!--end left side bar -->
<div class="style_content_main_wrapper">
<div id="content-main">
<!-- error message -->
<div class="error-message "/>
<!-- content help -->
<div class="content-help"/>
<div class="clear-block">
<h3 class="style_sub_title"/>
<form id="rmls-manage-agent-listing" method="post" accept-charset="UTF-8" action="/manage-listing-agent/4740/7/Next">
<div>
<h3 class="style_sub_title">Tour Activity Status</h3>
<input id="edit-step" type="hidden" value="8" name="step"/>
<div class="container-inline-date form-item date-clear-block">
<div class="container-inline-date form-item date-clear-block">
<div class="form-submit-button">
<input id="form-k4S3uBJXVTcXq3Ix1Shkjt3nf-62zmYfOpkAslvJ8tQ" type="hidden" value="form-k4S3uBJXVTcXq3Ix1Shkjt3nf-62zmYfOpkAslvJ8tQ" name="form_build_id"/>
<input id="edit-rmls-manage-agent-listing-form-token" type="hidden" value="f18fc36d4d750ae3912d9cc941aa5c72" name="form_token"/>
<input id="edit-rmls-manage-agent-listing" type="hidden" value="rmls_manage_agent_listing" name="form_id"/>
<table class="sticky-header" style="position: fixed; top: 0px; width: 605px; left: 480px; visibility: hidden;">
<table class="statistic_table sticky-enabled sticky-table">
<div id="style_activity_text" class="style_sub_title_two">Premium Placements</div>
<div id="">
<form id="rmls-activity-report-placement-list-form" method="post" accept-charset="UTF-8" action="/manage-listing-agent/4740/7/Next">
<div>
<div class="placement_save">
<input id="submit" class="form-submit bluebutton" type="submit" value="Save" name="submit"/>
</div>
<div class="placement_div">
<div class="placement_div">
<div class="placement_div">
<div class="placement_div">
<div class="placement_div">
<div class="placement_div">
<div class="placement_div">
<div class="placement_div">
<div class="placement_submit_div">
<input id="submit" class="form-submit bluebutton" type="submit" value="Save" name="submit"/>
</div>
<input id="form-8AJLqZQrgw0cybk8XOkWelCk6iaSJK_7G21QiBLdNKg" type="hidden" value="form-8AJLqZQrgw0cybk8XOkWelCk6iaSJK_7G21QiBLdNKg" name="form_build_id"/>
<input id="edit-rmls-activity-report-placement-list-form-form-token" type="hidden" value="4305d09bc8205b6d0db44711023395c9" name="form_token"/>
<input id="edit-rmls-activity-report-placement-list-form" type="hidden" value="rmls_activity_report_placement_list_form" name="form_id"/>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<div class="style_sub_title_two">Custom Placements</div>
<a class="custom-placement-link" href="/%2523">Add New</a>
<div id="activity_report_placement_form_div" style="display:none;">
<form id="rmls-activity-report-placement-form" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="post" accept-charset="UTF-8" action="/manage-listing-agent/4740/7/Next">
<div>
<div id="placement_title-wrapper" class="form-item">
<div id="placement_link-wrapper" class="form-item">
<div id="edit-thumb-wrapper" class="form-item">
<input id="edit-placement-listing-id" type="hidden" value="4740" name="placement_listing_id"/>
<input id="submit" class="form-submit bluebutton" type="submit" value="Save" name="submit"/>
<input id="form-edEgxWrM-VMdRs75vREPtHbONXyCmJR4KkZRkRoSU2Y" type="hidden" value="form-edEgxWrM-VMdRs75vREPtHbONXyCmJR4KkZRkRoSU2Y" name="form_build_id"/>
<input id="edit-rmls-activity-report-placement-form-form-token" type="hidden" value="185635f8c3122f16a07b5b626e7fc473" name="form_token"/>
<input id="edit-rmls-activity-report-placement-form" type="hidden" value="rmls_activity_report_placement_form" name="form_id"/>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<div id="">
<form id="rmls-activity-report-custom-placement-list-form" method="post" accept-charset="UTF-8" action="/manage-listing-agent/4740/7/Next">
<div class="style_sub_title_two">Activity Report Email Recipients</div>
<div class="style_mail_warpper"/>
<div id="">
<form id="rmls-activity-report-receipient-form" method="post" accept-charset="UTF-8" action="/manage-listing-agent/4740/7/Next">
<div>
<div id="receipient_add-wrapper" class="form-item">
<input id="activity_listing_id" type="hidden" value="4740" name="activity_listing_id"/>
<div class="rmls_activity_report_receipient_overview_div">
<div class="receipient_submit_div">
<input id="send-submit" class="form-submit style_activity_recipient_sent bluebutton" type="submit" value="Send Report Now" name="op"/>
<input id="submit" class="form-submit style_activity_recipient bluebutton" type="submit" value="Save" name="op"/>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
<div class="activity_report">Top 10 Referrers:</div>
<table class="referrer_table">
</div>
</div>
</form>
<div id="dialog-manage-listing"/>
</div>
<!-- content main -->
<!-- right side bar -->
<!-- end right side bar -->
</div>
<!-- style_content_main_wrapper -->
</div>
<!-- center -->
<div class="clear"/>
<div id="footer">
</div>
<!--end page -->
</div>
<!--end page_wrapper -->
<div id="dialog"/>
<script type="text/javascript"> <!--//--><![CDATA[//><!-- var _gaq = _gaq || [];_gaq.push(["_setAccount", "UA-37131766-1"]);_gaq.push(["_trackPageview"]);(function() {var ga = document.createElement("script");ga.type = "text/javascript";ga.async = true;ga.src = ("https:" == document.location.protocol ? "https://ssl" : "http://www") + ".google-analytics.com/ga.js";var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);})(); //--><!]]> </script>
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</div>
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</document>

Answer 1

嗨，这有点棘手，但请像下面那样做，它会起作用的在我回答之前，请不要说明为什么在第一种情况下它对你有用

 driver.findElement(By.xpath("(//input[@name='submit'])[2]")).click();
// cause in this case you were passing valid index value

但是当你传递索引 3 时它什么都不做 因为根据你的问题描述你的网页上只有 3 个具有相同属性值的按钮 所以在 java索引从 ZERO 开始，而不是从 ONE 开始，所以有效的索引值是 0,1 和 2 而不是 3，因此它对你不起作用，下面是答案

// first take each button inside the list 
List<WebElement> myButton = driver.findElements(By.name("submit"));
System.out.println("Size of the button the webpage is : " + myButton.size());
// now you can click button on the basis of index like below

myButton.get(0).click(); // for the first button
//myButton.get(1).click(); // for the second button
//myButton.get(2).click(); // for the third button

此外，通过查看您的源代码，我还可以识别具有唯一 xpath 的按钮，请像下面那样做

// first button
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@class='placement_save']/input")).click();
// second button 
driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@class='placement_submit_div']/input")).click();

希望这对您有所帮助

Answer 2

您还可以使用以下css选择器找到您的按钮：

driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(".placement_save #submit"));
driver.findElement(By.cssSelector(".placement_submit_div #submit"));
driver.findElement(By.cssSelector("#edit-placement-listing-id #submit"));

如果您正在寻找 css 和 xpath 选择器的非常好的指南，我强烈推荐您 this article。

Answer 3

感谢大家的建议。我这样试过，它对我有用：对于第一个按钮，我这样给出： driver.findElement(By.xpath("(//输入[@name='submit'])[2]")).click();

对于第二个按钮，我这样给出： driver.findElement(By.xpath(".//*[包含(@class,'form-submit style_activity_recipient bluebutton')]")).click();

如果所有按钮的 'id'、'class'、'type'、'value' 和 'name' 等元素都相同，如何使用 Xpath 唯一标识按钮

How to uniquely identify buttons using Xpath if the elements like 'id', 'class', 'type', 'value' and 'name' are same for all the buttons

java

xpath

buttonclick

selenium-webdriver