如何从文件中提取大括号之间的字符串

Question

我有 nagios/icinga 个目标文件，内容与下面相似，但很多。我如何使用 bash 或 python.

仅提取 "host objects" 或 "service objects" 的相似对象

define host{          ## extract including the "define host {....}"
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       bras ;
    alias           bras-gw.example.com;
    address         20.94.66.88
    hostgroups      bgp;
}

define host{    ## extract including the "define host {....} define host {....} "
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       ar1 ;
    alias           ar1.example.com;
    address         22.98.66.244
    hostgroups      bgp;
}

define servicegroup {
   servicegroup_name Premium
   alias Premium-BGP
}
define service {
   host_name                ar0
   service_description      Get-Speed- BGP-INTL dsdf34
   check_command            check_bgp!secreat!10.10.40.44
   check_interval           1
   use                      generic-service
   notification_interval    0 ; set > 0 if you want to be re-notified
}

 define service {
   host_name                ar10
   service_description      Get-Speed- BGP-INTL rrdf34
   check_command            check_bgp!secreat!10.10.40.77
   check_interval           1
   use                      generic-service
   notification_interval    0 ; set > 0 if you want to be re-notified
   check_period                          24x7
           notification_period                   24x7
           contact_groups                        p2p,l2,system2,admins
           use                                   generic-service
           max_check_attempts      3
           notification_options    c,r
}

目标是从文件中提取特定主机或服务对象，例如。

    define host{
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       ar0 ;
    alias           id6.example.net;
    address         20.24.6.22
    hostgroups      bgp;
}
define host{
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       bras ;
    alias           bras-gw.abc.com.dp;
    address         202.33.66.254
    hostgroups      bgp;
}
define host{
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       ar1 ;
    alias           ar1.abc.com;
    address         20.94.66.44
    hostgroups      bgp;
    }

答案：sed -nr '/.*(\bhost\b|\bservice\b).*\{/,/\}/ p' datafile 由@ritesht93

提供

Answer 1

如果我没理解错的话，你不需要servicegroup ..对吧？

您可以使用此 sed 命令：

$ sed -nr '/.*(\bhost\b|\bservice\b).*\{/,/\}/ p' data 
define host{          ## extract including the "define host {....}"
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       bras ;
    alias           bras-gw.example.com;
    address         20.94.66.88
    hostgroups      bgp;
}
define host{    ## extract including the "define host {....} define host {....} "
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       ar1 ;
    alias           ar1.example.com;
    address         22.98.66.244
    hostgroups      bgp;
}
define service {
   host_name                ar0
   service_description      Get-Speed- BGP-INTL dsdf34
   check_command            check_bgp!secreat!10.10.40.44
   check_interval           1
   use                      generic-service
   notification_interval    0 ; set > 0 if you want to be re-notified
}
 define service {
   host_name                ar10
   service_description      Get-Speed- BGP-INTL rrdf34
   check_command            check_bgp!secreat!10.10.40.77
   check_interval           1
   use                      generic-service
   notification_interval    0 ; set > 0 if you want to be re-notified
   check_period                          24x7
           notification_period                   24x7
           contact_groups                        p2p,l2,system2,admins
           use                                   generic-service
           max_check_attempts      3
           notification_options    c,r
}
$

如果你只想要大括号内的内容，你可以使用这个：

$ sed -nr '/.*(\bhost\b|\bservice\b).*\{/,/\}/ p' data | sed -r '/^\s*define.*\{/d;s/\}/\n/g'
    use             generic-switch
    host_name       bras ;
    alias           bras-gw.example.com;
    address         20.94.66.88
    hostgroups      bgp;


    use             generic-switch
    host_name       ar1 ;
    alias           ar1.example.com;
    address         22.98.66.244
    hostgroups      bgp;


   host_name                ar0
   service_description      Get-Speed- BGP-INTL dsdf34
   check_command            check_bgp!secreat!10.10.40.44
   check_interval           1
   use                      generic-service
   notification_interval    0 ; set > 0 if you want to be re-notified


   host_name                ar10
   service_description      Get-Speed- BGP-INTL rrdf34
   check_command            check_bgp!secreat!10.10.40.77
   check_interval           1
   use                      generic-service
   notification_interval    0 ; set > 0 if you want to be re-notified
   check_period                          24x7
           notification_period                   24x7
           contact_groups                        p2p,l2,system2,admins
           use                                   generic-service
           max_check_attempts      3
           notification_options    c,r


$

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