每次对for循环中的项目执行功能时，如何创建不同的文件？

Question

因此，这里的一位社区成员帮助我 fine-tune 创建了一个函数，该函数从文本文件中获取字典值，然后查看该值以查找文件列表。这是我将找到的所有值附加到相同 sheet 的代码。

import csv
import glob
import ast
from os.path import isfile
from lxml import etree

def look_for_speaker_in_files(speakerAttrib):
    speakerDict = ast.literal_eval(speakerAttrib)
    l_file_exists = False
    if isfile("allspeakers.csv"):
        l_file_exists = True
    c = csv.writer(open("allspeakers.csv","a"))
    if not l_file_exists:
        c.writerow(["Name", "Filename", "Text"])
    lparser = etree.XMLParser(recover=True)
    for cr_file in glob.iglob('parsed/*.xml'):
        try:
          tree = etree.parse(cr_file,parser=lparser)
          for node in tree.iter('speaking'):
             if node.keys() == speakerDict.keys():
                c.writerow([node.attrib, cr_file, node.text])
             else:
                 continue
        except:
          print "bad string " + cr_file
          raise

def main():
    with open("speaking-basic.txt","r") as speaker_list:
        for x in speaker_list:
            print x
            look_for_speaker_in_files(x)
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

现在我想为文本文件中的每个项目创建一个不同的文件，并且只将文件中节点的匹配项存放到文本文件中的那个项目。

我尝试了下面的代码，我在其中更改了读取文件的函数，以尝试让它同时采用文件名参数和要搜索的文本文件中的项目参数。然后，我更改了从列表中获取项目的代码，以从列表中读取项目，并让它创建一个文件名，该文件名是文件中字典项目的值。

import csv
import glob
import ast
from os.path import isfile
from lxml import etree

def look_for_speaker_in_files(speakerAttrib,file_name):
    speakerDict = ast.literal_eval(speakerAttrib)
    l_file_exists = False
    if isfile( file_name + ".csv"):
        l_file_exists = True
    c = csv.writer(open( file_name + ".csv","a"))
    print c
    if not l_file_exists:
        c.writerow(["Name", "Filename", "Text"])
    lparser = etree.XMLParser(recover=True)
    for cr_file in glob.iglob('parsed/*.xml'):
        try:
          tree = etree.parse(cr_file,parser=lparser)
          for node in tree.iter('speaking'):
             if node.keys() == speakerDict.keys():
                c.writerow([node.attrib, cr_file, node.text])
             else:
                 continue
        except:
          print "bad string " + cr_file
          raise

def main():
    with open("speaking.txt","r") as speaker_list:
        for x in speaker_list:
            print x
            dictx = ast.literal_eval(x)
            valuex = str(dictx.values()).format()
            print valuex
            look_for_speaker_in_files(x,valuex)
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

我还尝试将文件查找功能保持为同一个参数，但添加了一个从该参数得出文件名的变量，但这也没有用。

import csv
import glob
import ast
from os.path import isfile
from lxml import etree

def look_for_speaker_in_files(speakerAttrib):
    speakerDict = ast.literal_eval(speakerAttrib)
    file_name = str(speakerDict.values()).format()
    l_file_exists = False
    if isfile(file_name + ".csv"):
        l_file_exists = True
    c = csv.writer(open(file_name + ".csv","a"))
    if not l_file_exists:
        c.writerow(["Name", "Filename", "Text"])
    lparser = etree.XMLParser(recover=True)
    for cr_file in glob.iglob('parsed/*.xml'):
        try:
          tree = etree.parse(cr_file,parser=lparser)
          for node in tree.iter('speaking'):
             if node.keys() == speakerDict.keys():
                c.writerow([node.attrib, cr_file, node.text])
             else:
                 continue
        except:
          print "bad string " + cr_file
          raise

def main():
    with open("speaking-basic.txt","r") as speaker_list:
        for x in speaker_list:
            print x
            look_for_speaker_in_files(x)
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

虽然这些代码创建了文件，但经过我的所有努力，我似乎只能让它在文件中只放 headers 列，或者将所有扬声器从xml 每个文件中的文件，而不仅仅是我放入函数中的文件。此外，如果文件名周围没有 ['']，我无法让它创建文件名。

我有函数正在搜索的 xml 文件和文本文件，其中包含我在 google link 中查找的值： https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B7lGA34vOZItREhRbmF6Z3YtTnM

如有任何帮助，我们将不胜感激，谢谢！

Answer 1

我不确定我是否正确理解了您的要求。现在这段代码所做的是，根据 speaking-basic.txt 中给出的属性，在解析的 xml 中找到属性。如果属性名称及其值在 speaking-basic.txt 和 xml 中都匹配，则将其输出到具有 Speaker.

名称的文件中

检查这是否是您要查找的内容，也许我没有理解正确。如果是这样，请通过屏幕截图或示例清楚地了解预期输出。

import csv
import glob
import ast
from os.path import isfile
from lxml import etree

def look_for_speaker_in_files(speakerAttrib):
    speakerDict = ast.literal_eval(speakerAttrib)
    file_name = str(speakerDict.values()[0]).format()
    l_file_exists = False
    if isfile(file_name + ".csv"):
        l_file_exists = True
    c = csv.writer(open(file_name + ".csv","a"))
    if not l_file_exists:
        c.writerow(["Name", "Filename", "Text"])
    lparser = etree.XMLParser(recover=True)
    for cr_file in glob.iglob('parsed/*.xml'):
        try:
          tree = etree.parse(cr_file,parser=lparser)
          for node in tree.iter('speaking'):
             if node.keys() == speakerDict.keys():
                if node.values() == speakerDict.values():
                    c.writerow([node.attrib, cr_file, node.text])
                else:
                    continue
             else:
                 continue
        except:
          print "bad string " + cr_file
          raise

def main():
    with open("speaking-basic.txt","r") as speaker_list:
        for x in speaker_list:
            print x
            look_for_speaker_in_files(x)
if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

每次对for循环中的项目执行功能时，如何创建不同的文件？

How to create different files for each time a function is performed on an item in a for loop?

dictionary

for-loop

function

user-defined-functions

python-2.7