如何在现有数据库中创建 ASP.Net 身份表？

Question

我正在构建我的第一个 MVC 5 / Entity Framework 应用程序。我使用数据库优先方法从现有 SQL 服务器中提取数据。现有 SQL 数据库从单独的 Web 表单 .net 应用程序接收数据。

今后，新的 MVC 应用程序和现有的 Web 表单应用程序将共享数据库。

我正在使用 Identity 在 MVC 应用程序中创建用户帐户。所以此时，我的 MVC 应用程序中有 2 个数据连接。一个用于用户帐户，另一个用于现有 SQL 服务器。

这是设置 MVC 项目的最佳方式吗？展望未来，我是否能够从 Web 表单应用程序访问用户数据库？

我是新手，我想确保我的设置正确。

Answer 1

Will there the user tables be added to the existing sql server, or is this user database a completely separate database?

您不需要两个数据库 - 您可以在现有数据库中创建身份表。

ASP.Net Identity 使用 Entity Framework Code First。因此，在运行您的应用程序首次运行之前，您希望更新与通常位于 ApplicationDbContext 中的现有数据库相同的连接字符串。

如果您已经有两个独立的数据库并且想要合并它们，您想要使用诸如 RedGate - SQL Compare 和 Data Compare 之类的工具。

合并两个数据库完全不是原来的问题；如果您有问题，请单独提出一个问题。

Answer 2

对于 DB First，更改连接字符串不会导致 Identity 2.0 在数据库中创建表。

更正： 我最初在身份模式下的数据库中有我的身份表，当我使用下面的注册新用户时，新表被写入我的数据库中的 dbo架构。

您必须首先使用 Code First 创建一个虚拟项目，构建并运行项目，在您的网络浏览器中进入现在的运行ning 应用程序，使用虚拟电子邮件注册用户和密码，这将导致 Entity FrameWork Code First(?) 在您的虚拟数据库中创建所有 Identity 2.0 数据库表。然后，您需要将虚拟表导出到 SQL 脚本，并将它们导入到您要在其中使用它们的现有数据库中。应该有 5 个表：AspNetUserRoles、AspNetRoles、AspNetUsers、AspNetUserClaims 和 AspNetUserLogins。

我有一个 ADO.Net 实体模型（.edmx 文件）用于我的主要数据库模型，并为身份模型创建了另一个 .edmx（我命名为：IdentityDbEntities）。那时您应该将连接字符串从 "DefaultConnection":

更改为

    public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser>
    {
        public ApplicationDbContext()
            : base("IdentityDbEntitiesString", throwIfV1Schema: false)
        {
        }

非常重要：在您的 Web.config 文件中，您必须添加一个您将在上面使用的额外连接字符串。看起来像（我正在使用 SQL Server Dev 环境，因此您的连接字符串可能会更改）：

  <connectionStrings>
    <add name="IdentityDbEntitiesString" 
     connectionString="Data Source=#MyServerAddress#; 
        Initial Catalog=#DbName#; 
        Integrated Security=SSPI;" 
     providerName="System.Data.SqlClient" />
    <add name="IdentityDbEntities" 
     connectionString="metadata=res://*/Models.IdentityModel.csdl|
        res://*/Models.IdentityModel.ssdl|
        res://*/Models.IdentityModel.msl;
     provider=System.Data.SqlClient;
     provider connection string=&quot;
     data source=#MyServerAddress#;
     initial catalog=#DbName#;
     integrated security=True;multipleactiveresultsets=True;
     application name=EntityFramework&quot;" 
     providerName="System.Data.EntityClient" />         </connectionStrings>

# 中的任何内容，例如 #DbName# 都是您的自定义内容。

Answer 3

运行数据库上的这个SQL脚本。

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[AspNetRoles]    Script Date: 15-Mar-17 10:27:06 PM ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[AspNetRoles](

    [Id] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

    [Name] [nvarchar](256) NOT NULL,

CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.AspNetRoles] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

    [Id] ASC

)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY]



GO

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[AspNetUserClaims]    Script Date: 15-Mar-17 10:27:06 PM ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserClaims](

    [Id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,

    [UserId] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

    [ClaimType] [nvarchar](max) NULL,

    [ClaimValue] [nvarchar](max) NULL,

CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.AspNetUserClaims] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

    [Id] ASC

)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]



GO

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[AspNetUserLogins]    Script Date: 15-Mar-17 10:27:06 PM ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserLogins](

    [LoginProvider] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

    [ProviderKey] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

    [UserId] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.AspNetUserLogins] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

    [LoginProvider] ASC,

    [ProviderKey] ASC,

    [UserId] ASC

)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY]



GO

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[AspNetUserRoles]    Script Date: 15-Mar-17 10:27:06 PM ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserRoles](

    [UserId] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

    [RoleId] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.AspNetUserRoles] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

    [UserId] ASC,

    [RoleId] ASC

)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY]



GO

/****** Object:  Table [dbo].[AspNetUsers]    Script Date: 15-Mar-17 10:27:06 PM ******/

SET ANSI_NULLS ON

GO

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON

GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUsers](

    [Id] [nvarchar](128) NOT NULL,

    [Email] [nvarchar](256) NULL,

    [EmailConfirmed] [bit] NOT NULL,

    [PasswordHash] [nvarchar](max) NULL,

    [SecurityStamp] [nvarchar](max) NULL,

    [PhoneNumber] [nvarchar](max) NULL,

    [PhoneNumberConfirmed] [bit] NOT NULL,

    [TwoFactorEnabled] [bit] NOT NULL,

    [LockoutEndDateUtc] [datetime] NULL,

    [LockoutEnabled] [bit] NOT NULL,

    [AccessFailedCount] [int] NOT NULL,

    [UserName] [nvarchar](256) NOT NULL,

CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.AspNetUsers] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED

(

    [Id] ASC

)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]

) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]



GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserClaims]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserClaims_dbo.AspNetUsers_UserId] FOREIGN KEY([UserId])

REFERENCES [dbo].[AspNetUsers] ([Id])

ON DELETE CASCADE

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserClaims] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserClaims_dbo.AspNetUsers_UserId]

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserLogins]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserLogins_dbo.AspNetUsers_UserId] FOREIGN KEY([UserId])

REFERENCES [dbo].[AspNetUsers] ([Id])

ON DELETE CASCADE

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserLogins] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserLogins_dbo.AspNetUsers_UserId]

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserRoles]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserRoles_dbo.AspNetRoles_RoleId] FOREIGN KEY([RoleId])

REFERENCES [dbo].[AspNetRoles] ([Id])

ON DELETE CASCADE

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserRoles] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserRoles_dbo.AspNetRoles_RoleId]

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserRoles]  WITH CHECK ADD  CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserRoles_dbo.AspNetUsers_UserId] FOREIGN KEY([UserId])

REFERENCES [dbo].[AspNetUsers] ([Id])

ON DELETE CASCADE

GO

ALTER TABLE [dbo].[AspNetUserRoles] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.AspNetUserRoles_dbo.AspNetUsers_UserId]

GO

Answer 4

我做了一系列步骤：

第 1 步。 创建一个全新的（和临时的）项目，使用与现有项目相似的模板。创建新项目时，必须选择有Identity，Individual...

步骤 2.您已经有一个项目。添加脚手架项目...选择标识...

步骤 3. 打开 Package Manager Console、运行命令

Update-Database

你会在控制台看到这样的（不完全像你的，因为我使用新版本的 Visual Studio，.NET Core 框架，发布时间等）

Each package is licensed to you by its owner. NuGet is not responsible for, nor does it grant any licenses to, third-party packages. Some packages may include dependencies which are governed by additional licenses. Follow the package source (feed) URL to determine any dependencies.

Package Manager Console Host Version 5.5.0.6293

Type 'get-help NuGet' to see all available NuGet commands.

PM> Update-Database
Build started...
Build succeeded.
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Infrastructure[10403]
      Entity Framework Core 3.1.1 initialized 'ApplicationDbContext' using provider 'Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.SqlServer' with options: None
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (15ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT 1
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (13ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT OBJECT_ID(N'[__EFMigrationsHistory]');
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT 1
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (3ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [__EFMigrationsHistory] (
          [MigrationId] nvarchar(150) NOT NULL,
          [ProductVersion] nvarchar(32) NOT NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK___EFMigrationsHistory] PRIMARY KEY ([MigrationId])
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (0ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT 1
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT OBJECT_ID(N'[__EFMigrationsHistory]');
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (2ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      SELECT [MigrationId], [ProductVersion]
      FROM [__EFMigrationsHistory]
      ORDER BY [MigrationId];
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Migrations[20402]
      Applying migration '00000000000000_CreateIdentitySchema'.
Applying migration '00000000000000_CreateIdentitySchema'.
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (2ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [AspNetRoles] (
          [Id] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          [Name] nvarchar(256) NULL,
          [NormalizedName] nvarchar(256) NULL,
          [ConcurrencyStamp] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK_AspNetRoles] PRIMARY KEY ([Id])
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [AspNetUsers] (
          [Id] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          [UserName] nvarchar(256) NULL,
          [NormalizedUserName] nvarchar(256) NULL,
          [Email] nvarchar(256) NULL,
          [NormalizedEmail] nvarchar(256) NULL,
          [EmailConfirmed] bit NOT NULL,
          [PasswordHash] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          [SecurityStamp] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          [ConcurrencyStamp] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          [PhoneNumber] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          [PhoneNumberConfirmed] bit NOT NULL,
          [TwoFactorEnabled] bit NOT NULL,
          [LockoutEnd] datetimeoffset NULL,
          [LockoutEnabled] bit NOT NULL,
          [AccessFailedCount] int NOT NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK_AspNetUsers] PRIMARY KEY ([Id])
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [AspNetRoleClaims] (
          [Id] int NOT NULL IDENTITY,
          [RoleId] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          [ClaimType] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          [ClaimValue] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK_AspNetRoleClaims] PRIMARY KEY ([Id]),
          CONSTRAINT [FK_AspNetRoleClaims_AspNetRoles_RoleId] FOREIGN KEY ([RoleId]) REFERENCES [AspNetRoles] ([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [AspNetUserClaims] (
          [Id] int NOT NULL IDENTITY,
          [UserId] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          [ClaimType] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          [ClaimValue] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK_AspNetUserClaims] PRIMARY KEY ([Id]),
          CONSTRAINT [FK_AspNetUserClaims_AspNetUsers_UserId] FOREIGN KEY ([UserId]) REFERENCES [AspNetUsers] ([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (2ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [AspNetUserLogins] (
          [LoginProvider] nvarchar(128) NOT NULL,
          [ProviderKey] nvarchar(128) NOT NULL,
          [ProviderDisplayName] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          [UserId] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK_AspNetUserLogins] PRIMARY KEY ([LoginProvider], [ProviderKey]),
          CONSTRAINT [FK_AspNetUserLogins_AspNetUsers_UserId] FOREIGN KEY ([UserId]) REFERENCES [AspNetUsers] ([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (2ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [AspNetUserRoles] (
          [UserId] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          [RoleId] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK_AspNetUserRoles] PRIMARY KEY ([UserId], [RoleId]),
          CONSTRAINT [FK_AspNetUserRoles_AspNetRoles_RoleId] FOREIGN KEY ([RoleId]) REFERENCES [AspNetRoles] ([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE,
          CONSTRAINT [FK_AspNetUserRoles_AspNetUsers_UserId] FOREIGN KEY ([UserId]) REFERENCES [AspNetUsers] ([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (2ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE TABLE [AspNetUserTokens] (
          [UserId] nvarchar(450) NOT NULL,
          [LoginProvider] nvarchar(128) NOT NULL,
          [Name] nvarchar(128) NOT NULL,
          [Value] nvarchar(max) NULL,
          CONSTRAINT [PK_AspNetUserTokens] PRIMARY KEY ([UserId], [LoginProvider], [Name]),
          CONSTRAINT [FK_AspNetUserTokens_AspNetUsers_UserId] FOREIGN KEY ([UserId]) REFERENCES [AspNetUsers] ([Id]) ON DELETE CASCADE
      );
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE INDEX [IX_AspNetRoleClaims_RoleId] ON [AspNetRoleClaims] ([RoleId]);
infoverbose: Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE UNIQUE INDEX [RoleNameIndex] ON [AspNetRoles] ([NormalizedName]) WHERE [NormalizedName] IS NOT NULL;
infoverbose: Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE INDEX [IX_AspNetUserClaims_UserId] ON [AspNetUserClaims] ([UserId]);
infoverbose: Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
: Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE INDEX [IX_AspNetUserLogins_UserId] ON [AspNetUserLogins] ([UserId]);
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE INDEX [IX_AspNetUserRoles_RoleId] ON [AspNetUserRoles] ([RoleId]);
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE INDEX [EmailIndex] ON [AspNetUsers] ([NormalizedEmail]);
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      CREATE UNIQUE INDEX [UserNameIndex] ON [AspNetUsers] ([NormalizedUserName]) WHERE [NormalizedUserName] IS NOT NULL;
Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.Database.Command[20101]
      Executed DbCommand (1ms) [Parameters=[], CommandType='Text', CommandTimeout='30']
      INSERT INTO [__EFMigrationsHistory] ([MigrationId], [ProductVersion])
      VALUES (N'00000000000000_CreateIdentitySchema', N'3.1.1');
Done.
PM>

这些 SQL 脚本正是您所需要的。

截图仅供参考

如何在现有数据库中创建 ASP.Net 身份表？

How to create ASP.Net Identity tables inside existing database?

asp.net

asp.net-mvc

entity-framework

asp.net-mvc-5

asp.net-identity