有没有办法让 Postgres 告诉你语法错误是什么 at/near？

Question

我已经尝试在 postgresql.conf 中将 'log_min_error_statement' 设置为 debug5，但我仍然在控制台和 postgresql 日志中收到标准的 "PostgreSQL said: syntax error at or near "AS"" 错误消息.

Answer 1

如果 PostgreSQL 知道错误是什么，它会告诉您，至少在大多数情况下是这样。

如果它只是说"Syntax error at or near ..."它不知道你的意思，也猜不出哪里出了问题。这是一个解析错误。它可以提供一个（很长的）建议列表，但这会使错误消息冗长得荒谬，例如：

postgres=# SELECT AS fred ORDER BY 1;
ERROR:  syntax error at or near "AS"
LINE 1: SELECT AS fred ORDER BY 1;

是的，这是一个语法错误，因为它在任何层面上都没有意义。它出什么问题了？你如何简洁地描述它？解析器如何判断错误？

postgres=# SELECT AS fred ORDER BY 1;
ERROR:  syntax error at or near "AS"
LINE 1: SELECT AS fred ORDER BY 1;
HINT: typo?
HINT: Did you use a reserved keyword as an identifier without "quoting" it? Like "AS"?
HINT: Did you leave out the value before the AS keyword?
HINT: ... endless possibilities ...

有时解析器会猜出您可能做错了什么。 PostgreSQL 的解析器会尝试在可以时告诉您，例如

psql -c "SELECT 'openquote";
ERROR:  unterminated quoted string at or near "'openquote"
LINE 1: SELECT 'openquote

有没有办法让 Postgres 告诉你语法错误是什么 at/near？

Is there a way to have Postgres tell you what a syntax error was in addition to what it is at/near?

postgresql

postgresql-9.5