如何在亚马逊 linux disto 上安装 nginx 1.9.15
How to install nginx 1.9.15 on amazon linux disto
我尝试在新亚马逊 linux 上安装最新版本的 nginx (>= 1.9.5) 以使用 http2。我按照此处描述的说明进行操作 -> http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html
我创建了一个回购文件/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
,内容如下:
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
如果我 运行 yum update
和 yum install nginx
我明白了:
nginx x86_64 1:1.8.1-1.26.amzn1 amzn-main 557 k
它似乎仍然从 amzn-main 仓库中获取。如何安装更新版本的 nginx?
-- 编辑 --
我将 "priority=10" 添加到 nginx.repo 文件,现在我可以使用 yum install nginx
安装 1.9.15,结果如下:
Loaded plugins: priorities, update-motd, upgrade-helper
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.9.15-1.el7.ngx will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: systemd for package: 1:nginx-1.9.15-1.el7.ngx.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libpcre.so.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.9.15-1.el7.ngx.x86_64
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: 1:nginx-1.9.15-1.el7.ngx.x86_64 (nginx)
Requires: libpcre.so.1()(64bit)
Error: Package: 1:nginx-1.9.15-1.el7.ngx.x86_64 (nginx)
Requires: systemd
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest
请注意,您查找的位置没有 1.10。您可以在此处查看列表
http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/7/x86_64/RPMS/
在您yum update
使用yum search nginx
查看您拥有的不同版本并选择一个特定版本后:
yum search nginx
在 centos 6 上
nginx.x86_64 : A high performance web server and reverse proxy server
nginx16.x86_64 : A high performance web server and reverse proxy server
nginx18.x86_64 : A high performance web server and reverse proxy server
我有两个版本可供选择,1.6 和 1.8。
您收到错误消息是因为这些 nginx RPM 是为 RHEL7 而不是 Amazon Linux 构建的。 Amazon Linux 是 RHEL6、RHEL7 和 Fedora 的奇怪混合体。您应该联系亚马逊并要求他们创建专门为其发行版构建的合适的 nginx19 RPM。
在撰写本文时,AWS yum 存储库提供的最新版本的 nginx 是 1.8。
目前最好的办法是从源代码构建任何更新的版本。
AWS Linux AMI 已经有了必要的构建工具。
例如,基于 Nginx 1.10(我假设您以常规 ec2-user
身份登录。任何需要超级用户权限的内容都以 sudo
开头)
cd /tmp #so we can clean-up easily
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.0.tar.gz
tar zxvf nginx-1.10.0.tar.gz && rm -f nginx-1.10.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.10.0
sudo yum install pcre-devel openssl-devel #required libs, not installed by default
./configure \
--prefix=/etc/nginx \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_v2_module \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx
make
sudo make install
sudo groupadd nginx
sudo useradd -M -G nginx nginx
rm -rf nginx-1.10.0
然后你需要一个服务文件,这样你就可以 start/stop nginx,并在启动时加载它。
这是一个与上述配置相匹配的配置。放入 /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
:
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/etc/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/run/nginx.lock
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*//g' -`
if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
fi
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
restart|configtest)
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: [=11=] {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
将服务文件设置为可执行:
sudo chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
现在您可以开始:
sudo service nginx start
开机自动加载:
sudo chkconfig nginx on
最后,不要忘记编辑 /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
以符合您的要求,并 运行 sudo service nginx reload
刷新更改。
如果您使用的是 AWS Linux2,则必须从 AWS "Extras Repository" 安装 nginx。要查看可用包的列表:
# View list of packages to install
amazon-linux-extras list
您会看到类似于以下内容的列表:
0 ansible2 disabled [ =2.4.2 ]
1 emacs disabled [ =25.3 ]
2 memcached1.5 disabled [ =1.5.1 ]
3 nginx1.12 disabled [ =1.12.2 ]
4 postgresql9.6 disabled [ =9.6.6 ]
5 python3 disabled [ =3.6.2 ]
6 redis4.0 disabled [ =4.0.5 ]
7 R3.4 disabled [ =3.4.3 ]
8 rust1 disabled [ =1.22.1 ]
9 vim disabled [ =8.0 ]
10 golang1.9 disabled [ =1.9.2 ]
11 ruby2.4 disabled [ =2.4.2 ]
12 nano disabled [ =2.9.1 ]
13 php7.2 disabled [ =7.2.0 ]
14 lamp-mariadb10.2-php7.2 disabled [ =10.2.10_7.2.0 ]
使用amazon-linux-extras install
命令安装,如:
sudo amazon-linux-extras install nginx1.12
这里有更多详细信息:https://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-2/faqs/。
我尝试在新亚马逊 linux 上安装最新版本的 nginx (>= 1.9.5) 以使用 http2。我按照此处描述的说明进行操作 -> http://nginx.org/en/linux_packages.html
我创建了一个回购文件/etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
,内容如下:
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/7/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
如果我 运行 yum update
和 yum install nginx
我明白了:
nginx x86_64 1:1.8.1-1.26.amzn1 amzn-main 557 k
它似乎仍然从 amzn-main 仓库中获取。如何安装更新版本的 nginx?
-- 编辑 --
我将 "priority=10" 添加到 nginx.repo 文件,现在我可以使用 yum install nginx
安装 1.9.15,结果如下:
Loaded plugins: priorities, update-motd, upgrade-helper
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nginx.x86_64 1:1.9.15-1.el7.ngx will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: systemd for package: 1:nginx-1.9.15-1.el7.ngx.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libpcre.so.1()(64bit) for package: 1:nginx-1.9.15-1.el7.ngx.x86_64
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Package: 1:nginx-1.9.15-1.el7.ngx.x86_64 (nginx)
Requires: libpcre.so.1()(64bit)
Error: Package: 1:nginx-1.9.15-1.el7.ngx.x86_64 (nginx)
Requires: systemd
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest
请注意,您查找的位置没有 1.10。您可以在此处查看列表
http://nginx.org/packages/mainline/centos/7/x86_64/RPMS/
在您yum update
使用yum search nginx
查看您拥有的不同版本并选择一个特定版本后:
yum search nginx
在 centos 6 上
nginx.x86_64 : A high performance web server and reverse proxy server
nginx16.x86_64 : A high performance web server and reverse proxy server
nginx18.x86_64 : A high performance web server and reverse proxy server
我有两个版本可供选择,1.6 和 1.8。
您收到错误消息是因为这些 nginx RPM 是为 RHEL7 而不是 Amazon Linux 构建的。 Amazon Linux 是 RHEL6、RHEL7 和 Fedora 的奇怪混合体。您应该联系亚马逊并要求他们创建专门为其发行版构建的合适的 nginx19 RPM。
在撰写本文时,AWS yum 存储库提供的最新版本的 nginx 是 1.8。
目前最好的办法是从源代码构建任何更新的版本。
AWS Linux AMI 已经有了必要的构建工具。
例如,基于 Nginx 1.10(我假设您以常规 ec2-user
身份登录。任何需要超级用户权限的内容都以 sudo
开头)
cd /tmp #so we can clean-up easily
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.0.tar.gz
tar zxvf nginx-1.10.0.tar.gz && rm -f nginx-1.10.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.10.0
sudo yum install pcre-devel openssl-devel #required libs, not installed by default
./configure \
--prefix=/etc/nginx \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_v2_module \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx
make
sudo make install
sudo groupadd nginx
sudo useradd -M -G nginx nginx
rm -rf nginx-1.10.0
然后你需要一个服务文件,这样你就可以 start/stop nginx,并在启动时加载它。
这是一个与上述配置相匹配的配置。放入 /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
:
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/etc/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/run/nginx.lock
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*//g' -`
if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
fi
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
restart|configtest)
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: [=11=] {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
将服务文件设置为可执行:
sudo chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx
现在您可以开始:
sudo service nginx start
开机自动加载:
sudo chkconfig nginx on
最后,不要忘记编辑 /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
以符合您的要求,并 运行 sudo service nginx reload
刷新更改。
如果您使用的是 AWS Linux2,则必须从 AWS "Extras Repository" 安装 nginx。要查看可用包的列表:
# View list of packages to install
amazon-linux-extras list
您会看到类似于以下内容的列表:
0 ansible2 disabled [ =2.4.2 ]
1 emacs disabled [ =25.3 ]
2 memcached1.5 disabled [ =1.5.1 ]
3 nginx1.12 disabled [ =1.12.2 ]
4 postgresql9.6 disabled [ =9.6.6 ]
5 python3 disabled [ =3.6.2 ]
6 redis4.0 disabled [ =4.0.5 ]
7 R3.4 disabled [ =3.4.3 ]
8 rust1 disabled [ =1.22.1 ]
9 vim disabled [ =8.0 ]
10 golang1.9 disabled [ =1.9.2 ]
11 ruby2.4 disabled [ =2.4.2 ]
12 nano disabled [ =2.9.1 ]
13 php7.2 disabled [ =7.2.0 ]
14 lamp-mariadb10.2-php7.2 disabled [ =10.2.10_7.2.0 ]
使用amazon-linux-extras install
命令安装,如:
sudo amazon-linux-extras install nginx1.12
这里有更多详细信息:https://aws.amazon.com/amazon-linux-2/faqs/。