修改函数内的结构字段？

Question

我正在学习如何使用 MIT 方案的结构，并正在尝试 "translate" 以下函数从 C 到方案：

static inline void
body_integrate(struct body *body, double dt)
{                                                                         
  body->vx += dt * body->fx / body->mass;
  body->vy += dt * body->fy / body->mass;
  body->rx += dt * body->vx;
  body->ry += dt * body->vy;                                        
}

具有以下定义

(define-structure body rx ry vx vy fx fy mass)

(define integrate (lambda (body dt) (
  (set-body-vx! body (+ (body-vx body) (* dt (/ (body-fx body) (body-mass body)))))
  (set-body-vy! body (+ (body-vy body) (* dt (/ (body-fy body) (body-mass body)))))
  (set-body-rx! body (+ (body-rx body) (* dt (body-vx body))))
  (set-body-ry! body (+ (body-ry body) (* dt (body-vy body))))
)))

我得到：

MIT/GNU Scheme running under GNU/Linux
Type `^C' (control-C) followed by `H' to obtain information about interrupts.

Copyright (C) 2011 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; not even for
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Image saved on Thursday November 5, 2015 at 8:44:48 PM
  Release 9.1.1 || Microcode 15.3 || Runtime 15.7 || SF 4.41 || LIAR/x86-64 4.118 || Edwin 3.116
;Loading "body.ss"... done

1 ]=> (define b (make-body 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 10.0 10.0 0.1))

;Value: b

1 ]=> (integrate b 5.0)    

;The object #!unspecific is not applicable.
;To continue, call RESTART with an option number:
; (RESTART 2) => Specify a procedure to use in its place.
; (RESTART 1) => Return to read-eval-print level 1.

2 error>

我感觉我无法在 integrate 中执行多个 (set-body-X! ...)。但是我应该如何进行呢？

Answer 1

第一行末尾的左括号不正确，在 Scheme 中，当您用 () 包围表达式时，它被视为函数应用程序，这不是您想要的。

无论如何，使用新值创建新结构比修改参数更符合习惯 - 请记住，Scheme 鼓励函数式编程风格，您应该避免改变值；除了修改参数在大多数编程语言中被认为是不好的风格（虽然在 C 中没关系）。试试这个：

(define (integrate body dt)
  (make-body (+ (body-rx body) (* dt (body-vx body)))
             (+ (body-ry body) (* dt (body-vy body)))
             (+ (body-vx body) (* dt (/ (body-fx body) (body-mass body))))
             (+ (body-vy body) (* dt (/ (body-fy body) (body-mass body))))
             (body-fx body)
             (body-fy body)
             (body-mass body)))

修改函数内的结构字段？

Modifying structure fields within function?

scheme

mit-scheme