调用 Python 对象进行连续场景更新时超出最大递归深度
maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object for continuous scene update
我正在使用 opengl 在我的 Python & QT 应用程序中渲染一些图形。
我按照许多教程将 openGL 添加到应用程序，但所有教程都没有对场景进行持续更新。
一个简单的例子，我想一直旋转场景中的物体，所以我一直增加角度并更新场景但是这会导致错误！
这是我在 github 上的代码（可以找到 here），我刚刚添加了自动旋转：
import math
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui, QtOpenGL
class Window(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(Window, self).__init__()
self.glWidget = GLWidget()
mainLayout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
mainLayout.addWidget(self.glWidget)
self.setLayout(mainLayout)
self.setWindowTitle("Hello GL")
class GLWidget(QtOpenGL.QGLWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(GLWidget, self).__init__(parent)
self.object = 0
self.xRot = 0
self.yRot = 0
self.zRot = 0
self.angle = 0
self.lastPos = QtCore.QPoint()
self.trolltechGreen = QtGui.QColor.fromCmykF(0.40, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
self.trolltechPurple = QtGui.QColor.fromCmykF(0.39, 0.39, 0.0, 0.0)
def minimumSizeHint(self):
return QtCore.QSize(50, 50)
def sizeHint(self):
return QtCore.QSize(400, 400)
def setXRotation(self, angle):
angle = self.normalizeAngle(angle)
if angle != self.xRot:
self.xRot = angle
self.xRotationChanged.emit(angle)
self.updateGL()
def initializeGL(self):
self.qglClearColor(self.trolltechPurple.dark())
self.object = self.makeObject()
GL.glShadeModel(GL.GL_FLAT)
GL.glEnable(GL.GL_DEPTH_TEST)
GL.glEnable(GL.GL_CULL_FACE)
def paintGL(self):
self.angle += 1
GL.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
GL.glLoadIdentity()
GL.glTranslated(0.0, 0.0, -10.0)
self.setXRotation(self.angle)
GL.glRotated(self.xRot / 16.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
GL.glRotated(self.yRot / 16.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
GL.glRotated(self.zRot / 16.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
GL.glCallList(self.object)
def resizeGL(self, width, height):
side = min(width, height)
if side < 0:
return
GL.glViewport((width - side) / 2, (height - side) / 2, side, side)
GL.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_PROJECTION)
GL.glLoadIdentity()
GL.glOrtho(-0.5, +0.5, +0.5, -0.5, 4.0, 15.0)
GL.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_MODELVIEW)
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
self.lastPos = event.pos()
def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):
dx = event.x() - self.lastPos.x()
dy = event.y() - self.lastPos.y()
if event.buttons() & QtCore.Qt.LeftButton:
self.setXRotation(self.xRot + 8 * dy)
self.setYRotation(self.yRot + 8 * dx)
elif event.buttons() & QtCore.Qt.RightButton:
self.setXRotation(self.xRot + 8 * dy)
self.setZRotation(self.zRot + 8 * dx)
self.lastPos = event.pos()
def makeObject(self):
genList = GL.glGenLists(1)
GL.glNewList(genList, GL.GL_COMPILE)
# Drawing code
GL.glEnd()
GL.glEndList()
return genList
def extrude(self, x1, y1, x2, y2):
self.qglColor(self.trolltechGreen.dark(250 + int(100 * x1)))
GL.glVertex3d(x1, y1, +0.05)
GL.glVertex3d(x2, y2, +0.05)
GL.glVertex3d(x2, y2, -0.05)
GL.glVertex3d(x1, y1, -0.05)
def normalizeAngle(self, angle):
while angle < 0:
angle += 360 * 16
while angle > 360 * 16:
angle -= 360 * 16
return angle
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = Window()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
可以在导致此错误的 setXRotation 函数中找到 updateGL 函数：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/TheMaestro/Desktop/Max Planck/Micheal/Neurons_Visualizer/Views/GUI/testtt.py", line 115, in paintGL
GL.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/TheMaestro/Desktop/Max Planck/Micheal/Neurons_Visualizer/Views/GUI/testtt.py", line 119, in paintGL
GL.glRotated(self.xRot / 16.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/baseplatform.py", line 401, in __call__
if self.load():
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/baseplatform.py", line 381, in load
from OpenGL import platform
RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/TheMaestro/Desktop/Max Planck/Micheal/Neurons_Visualizer/Views/GUI/testtt.py", line 119, in paintGL
GL.glRotated(self.xRot / 16.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/baseplatform.py", line 401, in __call__
if self.load():
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/baseplatform.py", line 390, in load
error_checker = self.error_checker,
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/baseplatform.py", line 168, in constructFunction
*argTypes
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/ctypes/__init__.py", line 104, in CFUNCTYPE
class CFunctionType(_CFuncPtr):
RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/TheMaestro/Desktop/Max Planck/Micheal/Neurons_Visualizer/Views/GUI/testtt.py", line 115, in paintGL
GL.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object
2016-05-10 14:29:43.635 Python[3996:1654252] ApplePersistenceIgnoreState: Existing state will not be touched. New state will be written to /var/folders/b_/cqps_v114gb4yv_b44t9_sx00000gn/T/org.python.python.savedState
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/TheMaestro/Desktop/Max Planck/Micheal/Neurons_Visualizer/Views/GUI/testtt.py", line 115, in paintGL
GL.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
ctypes.ArgumentError: argument 1: <type 'exceptions.RuntimeError'>: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object
谢谢
我认为您不应该在 setXRotation 中调用 updateGL，因为 AFAIK 直接调用您的 paintGL 而不是通过事件循环。
请尝试 self.update()。 （以及您希望小部件因用户操作而自行重绘的其他任何地方。）
我正在使用 opengl 在我的 Python & QT 应用程序中渲染一些图形。 我按照许多教程将 openGL 添加到应用程序，但所有教程都没有对场景进行持续更新。 一个简单的例子，我想一直旋转场景中的物体，所以我一直增加角度并更新场景但是这会导致错误！
这是我在 github 上的代码（可以找到 here），我刚刚添加了自动旋转：
import math
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui, QtOpenGL
class Window(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(Window, self).__init__()
self.glWidget = GLWidget()
mainLayout = QtGui.QHBoxLayout()
mainLayout.addWidget(self.glWidget)
self.setLayout(mainLayout)
self.setWindowTitle("Hello GL")
class GLWidget(QtOpenGL.QGLWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None):
super(GLWidget, self).__init__(parent)
self.object = 0
self.xRot = 0
self.yRot = 0
self.zRot = 0
self.angle = 0
self.lastPos = QtCore.QPoint()
self.trolltechGreen = QtGui.QColor.fromCmykF(0.40, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
self.trolltechPurple = QtGui.QColor.fromCmykF(0.39, 0.39, 0.0, 0.0)
def minimumSizeHint(self):
return QtCore.QSize(50, 50)
def sizeHint(self):
return QtCore.QSize(400, 400)
def setXRotation(self, angle):
angle = self.normalizeAngle(angle)
if angle != self.xRot:
self.xRot = angle
self.xRotationChanged.emit(angle)
self.updateGL()
def initializeGL(self):
self.qglClearColor(self.trolltechPurple.dark())
self.object = self.makeObject()
GL.glShadeModel(GL.GL_FLAT)
GL.glEnable(GL.GL_DEPTH_TEST)
GL.glEnable(GL.GL_CULL_FACE)
def paintGL(self):
self.angle += 1
GL.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
GL.glLoadIdentity()
GL.glTranslated(0.0, 0.0, -10.0)
self.setXRotation(self.angle)
GL.glRotated(self.xRot / 16.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
GL.glRotated(self.yRot / 16.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
GL.glRotated(self.zRot / 16.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
GL.glCallList(self.object)
def resizeGL(self, width, height):
side = min(width, height)
if side < 0:
return
GL.glViewport((width - side) / 2, (height - side) / 2, side, side)
GL.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_PROJECTION)
GL.glLoadIdentity()
GL.glOrtho(-0.5, +0.5, +0.5, -0.5, 4.0, 15.0)
GL.glMatrixMode(GL.GL_MODELVIEW)
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
self.lastPos = event.pos()
def mouseMoveEvent(self, event):
dx = event.x() - self.lastPos.x()
dy = event.y() - self.lastPos.y()
if event.buttons() & QtCore.Qt.LeftButton:
self.setXRotation(self.xRot + 8 * dy)
self.setYRotation(self.yRot + 8 * dx)
elif event.buttons() & QtCore.Qt.RightButton:
self.setXRotation(self.xRot + 8 * dy)
self.setZRotation(self.zRot + 8 * dx)
self.lastPos = event.pos()
def makeObject(self):
genList = GL.glGenLists(1)
GL.glNewList(genList, GL.GL_COMPILE)
# Drawing code
GL.glEnd()
GL.glEndList()
return genList
def extrude(self, x1, y1, x2, y2):
self.qglColor(self.trolltechGreen.dark(250 + int(100 * x1)))
GL.glVertex3d(x1, y1, +0.05)
GL.glVertex3d(x2, y2, +0.05)
GL.glVertex3d(x2, y2, -0.05)
GL.glVertex3d(x1, y1, -0.05)
def normalizeAngle(self, angle):
while angle < 0:
angle += 360 * 16
while angle > 360 * 16:
angle -= 360 * 16
return angle
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
window = Window()
window.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
可以在导致此错误的 setXRotation 函数中找到 updateGL 函数：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/TheMaestro/Desktop/Max Planck/Micheal/Neurons_Visualizer/Views/GUI/testtt.py", line 115, in paintGL
GL.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/TheMaestro/Desktop/Max Planck/Micheal/Neurons_Visualizer/Views/GUI/testtt.py", line 119, in paintGL
GL.glRotated(self.xRot / 16.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/baseplatform.py", line 401, in __call__
if self.load():
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/baseplatform.py", line 381, in load
from OpenGL import platform
RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/TheMaestro/Desktop/Max Planck/Micheal/Neurons_Visualizer/Views/GUI/testtt.py", line 119, in paintGL
GL.glRotated(self.xRot / 16.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/baseplatform.py", line 401, in __call__
if self.load():
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/baseplatform.py", line 390, in load
error_checker = self.error_checker,
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/OpenGL/platform/baseplatform.py", line 168, in constructFunction
*argTypes
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/ctypes/__init__.py", line 104, in CFUNCTYPE
class CFunctionType(_CFuncPtr):
RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/TheMaestro/Desktop/Max Planck/Micheal/Neurons_Visualizer/Views/GUI/testtt.py", line 115, in paintGL
GL.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object
2016-05-10 14:29:43.635 Python[3996:1654252] ApplePersistenceIgnoreState: Existing state will not be touched. New state will be written to /var/folders/b_/cqps_v114gb4yv_b44t9_sx00000gn/T/org.python.python.savedState
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/TheMaestro/Desktop/Max Planck/Micheal/Neurons_Visualizer/Views/GUI/testtt.py", line 115, in paintGL
GL.glClear(GL.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
ctypes.ArgumentError: argument 1: <type 'exceptions.RuntimeError'>: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object
谢谢
我认为您不应该在 setXRotation 中调用 updateGL，因为 AFAIK 直接调用您的 paintGL 而不是通过事件循环。
请尝试 self.update()。 （以及您希望小部件因用户操作而自行重绘的其他任何地方。）