R 将字符串日期(例如 "October 1, 2014")转换为日期格式

R convert string date (e.g. "October 1, 2014") to Date format

如何将 c("October 1, 2014", "June 14, 2014") 之类的日期字符串向量转换为 R Date 格式的向量?

我有一个 data.frame 其中一列是上述格式的日期字符串。

非常感谢你的帮助。

谢谢!

尝试:

v <- c("October 1, 2014", "June 14, 2014") 
as.Date(v, "%B %d,%Y")

给出:

#[1] "2014-10-01" "2014-06-14"

strptime(v, "%B %d,%Y")

给出:

#[1] "2014-10-01 EDT" "2014-06-14 EDT"

基准

largev <- rep(v, 10e5)

library(microbenchmark)
microbenchmark(
  as.Date = as.Date(largev, "%B %d,%Y"),
  strptime = strptime(largev, "%B %d,%Y"),
  times = 10
)

给出:

#Unit: seconds
#     expr      min       lq     mean   median       uq      max neval cld
#  as.Date 1.479891 1.480671 1.527838 1.483158 1.489222 1.863777    10  a 
# strptime 2.177625 2.183247 2.237732 2.255282 2.268452 2.272537    10   b

正如@cory 在评论中提到的那样,使用 ?strptime 获取格式代码:

  • %B Full month name in the current locale. (Also matches abbreviated name on input.)
  • %d Day of the month as decimal number (01–31).
  • %Y Year with century. Note that whereas there was no zero in the original Gregorian calendar, ISO 8601:2004 defines it to be valid (interpreted as 1BC)