如何在 ASP.NET Core 中获取客户端 IP 地址?
How do I get client IP address in ASP.NET Core?
能否请您告诉我如何在使用 MVC 6 时在 ASP.NET 中获取客户端 IP 地址。
Request.ServerVariables["REMOTE_ADDR"]
无效。
您可以使用 IHttpConnectionFeature
获取此信息。
var remoteIpAddress = httpContext.GetFeature<IHttpConnectionFeature>()?.RemoteIpAddress;
var remoteIpAddress = HttpContext.Features.Get<IHttpConnectionFeature>()?.RemoteIpAddress;
API 已更新。不确定它何时更改,但 according to Damien Edwards 在 12 月下旬,您现在可以这样做:
var remoteIpAddress = request.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress;
可以添加一些回退逻辑来处理负载平衡器的存在。
此外,通过检查,X-Forwarded-For
header 即使没有负载平衡器(可能是因为额外的 Kestrel 层?)也被设置了:
public string GetRequestIP(bool tryUseXForwardHeader = true)
{
string ip = null;
// todo support new "Forwarded" header (2014) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-Forwarded-For
// X-Forwarded-For (csv list): Using the First entry in the list seems to work
// for 99% of cases however it has been suggested that a better (although tedious)
// approach might be to read each IP from right to left and use the first public IP.
// http://whosebug.com/a/43554000/538763
//
if (tryUseXForwardHeader)
ip = GetHeaderValueAs<string>("X-Forwarded-For").SplitCsv().FirstOrDefault();
// RemoteIpAddress is always null in DNX RC1 Update1 (bug).
if (ip.IsNullOrWhitespace() && _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext?.Connection?.RemoteIpAddress != null)
ip = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress.ToString();
if (ip.IsNullOrWhitespace())
ip = GetHeaderValueAs<string>("REMOTE_ADDR");
// _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext?.Request?.Host this is the local host.
if (ip.IsNullOrWhitespace())
throw new Exception("Unable to determine caller's IP.");
return ip;
}
public T GetHeaderValueAs<T>(string headerName)
{
StringValues values;
if (_httpContextAccessor.HttpContext?.Request?.Headers?.TryGetValue(headerName, out values) ?? false)
{
string rawValues = values.ToString(); // writes out as Csv when there are multiple.
if (!rawValues.IsNullOrWhitespace())
return (T)Convert.ChangeType(values.ToString(), typeof(T));
}
return default(T);
}
public static List<string> SplitCsv(this string csvList, bool nullOrWhitespaceInputReturnsNull = false)
{
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(csvList))
return nullOrWhitespaceInputReturnsNull ? null : new List<string>();
return csvList
.TrimEnd(',')
.Split(',')
.AsEnumerable<string>()
.Select(s => s.Trim())
.ToList();
}
public static bool IsNullOrWhitespace(this string s)
{
return String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(s);
}
假设 _httpContextAccessor
是通过 DI 提供的。
在project.json中添加依赖:
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpOverrides": "2.2.0"
在Startup.cs
中,在Configure()
方法中添加:
app.UseForwardedHeaders(new ForwardedHeadersOptions
{
ForwardedHeaders = ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedFor |
ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedProto
});
当然还有:
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpOverrides;
然后,我可以通过以下方式获取 ip:
Request.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress
在我的例子中,当在 VS 中调试时,我总是得到 IpV6 本地主机,但是当部署在 IIS 上时,我总是得到远程 IP。
一些有用的链接:
and RemoteIpAddress is always null
::1
可能是因为:
Connections termination at IIS, which then forwards to Kestrel, the v.next web server, so connections to the web server are indeed from localhost. ()
编辑 12/2020:感谢 SolidSnake:截至 2020 年 12 月,最新版本为 2.2.0
编辑 06/2021:感谢 Hakan Fıstık:在 .NET 5 中,命名空间是 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder
首先,在.Net Core 1.0
添加 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Features;
到控制器
然后在相关方法里面:
var ip = HttpContext.Features.Get<IHttpConnectionFeature>()?.RemoteIpAddress?.ToString();
我阅读了其他几个无法编译的答案,因为它使用的是小写的 httpContext,导致 VS 添加使用 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http,而不是适当的使用,或者使用 HttpContext(编译器也会误导)。
在 ASP.NET 2.1 中,在 StartUp.cs 中添加此服务:
services.AddHttpContextAccessor();
services.TryAddSingleton<IActionContextAccessor, ActionContextAccessor>();
然后执行 3 步:
在 MVC 控制器中定义一个变量
private IHttpContextAccessor _accessor;
DI 到控制器的构造函数中
public SomeController(IHttpContextAccessor accessor)
{
_accessor = accessor;
}
检索 IP 地址
_accessor.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress.ToString()
这是怎么做的。
这对我有用 (DotNetCore 2.1)
[HttpGet]
public string Get()
{
var remoteIpAddress = HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress;
return remoteIpAddress.ToString();
}
就我而言,我在 DigitalOcean 上有 DotNet Core 2.2 Web App 运行,docker 和 nginx 作为反向代理。使用 Startup.cs 中的这段代码,我可以获得客户端 IP
app.UseForwardedHeaders(new ForwardedHeadersOptions
{
ForwardedHeaders = ForwardedHeaders.All,
RequireHeaderSymmetry = false,
ForwardLimit = null,
KnownNetworks = { new IPNetwork(IPAddress.Parse("::ffff:172.17.0.1"), 104) }
});
::ffff:172.17.0.1 是我在使用
之前获得的 ip
Request.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress.ToString();
要在 .NET Core 中获取 IP 地址和主机名,请将以下代码放入控制器中:
var addlist = Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName());
string GetHostName = addlist.HostName.ToString();
string GetIPV6 = addlist.AddressList[0].ToString();
string GetIPV4 = addlist.AddressList[1].ToString();
试试这个。
var host = Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName());
foreach (var ip in host.AddressList)
{
if (ip.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
{
ipAddress = ip.ToString();
}
}
我发现,有些人发现你得到的IP地址是:::1或0.0.0.1
这个问题是因为你试图从你自己的机器上获取 IP,而 C# 试图 return IPv6 的混乱。
所以,我实现了@Johna () and @David () 的答案,感谢他们!
这里是解决方案:
在您的参考文献中添加 Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpOverrides 包 (Dependencies/Packages)
在Startup.cs
中添加这一行
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
{
// your current code
// start code to add
// to get ip address
app.UseForwardedHeaders(new ForwardedHeadersOptions
{
ForwardedHeaders = ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedFor | ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedProto
});
// end code to add
}
要获取 IP 地址,请在您的任何 Controller.cs
中使用此代码
IPAddress remoteIpAddress = Request.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress;
string result = "";
if (remoteIpAddress != null)
{
// If we got an IPV6 address, then we need to ask the network for the IPV4 address
// This usually only happens when the browser is on the same machine as the server.
if (remoteIpAddress.AddressFamily == System.Net.Sockets.AddressFamily.InterNetworkV6)
{
remoteIpAddress = System.Net.Dns.GetHostEntry(remoteIpAddress).AddressList
.First(x => x.AddressFamily == System.Net.Sockets.AddressFamily.InterNetwork);
}
result = remoteIpAddress.ToString();
}
现在您可以从 remoteIpAddress 或 result
获取 IPv4 地址
运行 .NET core
(3.1.4) IIS
在负载均衡器后面不适用于其他建议的解决方案。
手动阅读 X-Forwarded-For
header 可以。
此代码假定此 header 包含一个 IP。
IPAddress ip;
var headers = Request.Headers.ToList();
if (headers.Exists((kvp) => kvp.Key == "X-Forwarded-For"))
{
// when running behind a load balancer you can expect this header
var header = headers.First((kvp) => kvp.Key == "X-Forwarded-For").Value.ToString();
// in case the IP contains a port, remove ':' and everything after
ip = IPAddress.Parse(header.Remove(header.IndexOf(':')));
}
else
{
// this will always have a value (running locally in development won't have the header)
ip = Request.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress;
}
感谢 @JawadAlShaikh
和 @BozoJoe
指出 IP 可以包含一个端口,X-Forwarded-For
可以包含多个 IP。
运行 ASP.NET Core 2.1 behind a Traefik reverse Proxy on Ubuntu, 安装官方[=13=后我需要在KnownProxies
设置它的网关IP ] 包裹
var forwardedOptions = new ForwardedHeadersOptions {
ForwardedHeaders = ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedFor,
};
forwardedOptions.KnownProxies.Add(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.3.1"));
app.UseForwardedHeaders(forwardedOptions);
根据 the documentation,如果本地主机上的反向代理不是 运行,则这是必需的。 Traefik的docker-compose.yml
分配了一个静态IP地址:
networks:
my-docker-network:
ipv4_address: 192.168.3.2
或者,确保在此处定义已知网络以在 .NET Core 中指定其网关就足够了。
在 .NET 5 中,我使用它通过 AWS fargate 上的容器检索客户端 IP。
public static class HttpContextExtensions
{
//https://gist.github.com/jjxtra/3b240b31a1ed3ad783a7dcdb6df12c36
public static IPAddress GetRemoteIPAddress(this HttpContext context, bool allowForwarded = true)
{
if (allowForwarded)
{
string header = (context.Request.Headers["CF-Connecting-IP"].FirstOrDefault() ?? context.Request.Headers["X-Forwarded-For"].FirstOrDefault());
if (IPAddress.TryParse(header, out IPAddress ip))
{
return ip;
}
}
return context.Connection.RemoteIpAddress;
}
}
你这样称呼它:
var ipFromExtensionMethod = HttpContext.GetRemoteIPAddress().ToString();
从this link开始,有更好的解决办法
在Startup.cs中,我们需要添加服务-
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
........
services.AddHttpContextAccessor();
........
}
然后在任何控制器或任何地方,我们需要像这样通过依赖注入来使用它-
private IHttpContextAccessor HttpContextAccessor { get; }
public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options, IWebHostEnvironment env, IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor)
: base(options)
{
Environment = env;
HttpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
//this.Database.EnsureCreated();
}
然后这样获取IP-
IPAddress userIp = HttpContextAccessor.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress;
@crokusek
的简短版本
public string GetUserIP(HttpRequest req)
{
var ip = req.Headers["X-Forwarded-For"].FirstOrDefault();
if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(ip)) ip = ip.Split(',')[0];
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(ip)) ip = Convert.ToString(req.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress);
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(ip)) ip = req.Headers["REMOTE_ADDR"].FirstOrDefault();
return ip;
}
截至 2021 年 9 月 - ASP.NET 核心 (5.x) MVC 项目允许我在我的控制器中以这种方式获取 IP 地址:
Request.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress
现在看起来比过去简单多了。
根据官方文档,如果您正在使用 Apache 或 Nginx 集成,则应将以下代码添加到 Startup.ConfigureServices
方法中。
// using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpOverrides;
services.Configure<ForwardedHeadersOptions>(options =>
{
options.ForwardedHeaders = ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedFor |
ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedProto;
// Only loopback proxies are allowed by default.
// Clear that restriction because forwarders are enabled by explicit
// configuration.
options.KnownNetworks.Clear();
options.KnownProxies.Clear();
});
然后最重要的是,在 Configure
方法中使用
app.UseForwardedHeaders();
进一步假设在nginx conf文件中,在一个位置内,使用
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $server_name;
现在 X-Forwarded-For
中的第一个条目将是真实的客户端 IP。
重要提示:如果您想保护应用程序并且不允许攻击者注入 X-Forwarded-For,请阅读此 answer。
请看Forward the scheme for Linux and non-IIS reverse proxies, Configure Nginx and Dealing with invalid headers
首先添加
Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http
services.AddSingleton<IHttpContextAccessor, HttpContextAccessor>();
在ConfigureServices
在Startup.cs
然后在您的控制器中添加以下代码
private IHttpContextAccessor _accessor;
public LoginController(IHttpContextAccessor accessor)
{
_accessor = accessor;
}
public IEnumerable<string> Get()
{
var ip = _accessor.HttpContext?.Connection?.RemoteIpAddress?.ToString();
return new string[] { ip, "value" };
}
希望这对你有用
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Features;
public string GetClientIPAddress(HttpContext context)
{
string ip = string.Empty;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(context.Request.Headers["X-Forwarded-For"]))
{
ip = context.Request.Headers["X-Forwarded-For"];
}
else
{
ip = context.Request.HttpContext.Features.Get<IHttpConnectionFeature>().RemoteIpAddress.ToString();
}
return ip;
}
你想从哪里获得IP地址;
GetClientIPAddress(HttpContext);
试试这个:
string remoteHost = $"{httpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress}:{httpContext.Connection.RemotePort}";
能否请您告诉我如何在使用 MVC 6 时在 ASP.NET 中获取客户端 IP 地址。
Request.ServerVariables["REMOTE_ADDR"]
无效。
您可以使用 IHttpConnectionFeature
获取此信息。
var remoteIpAddress = httpContext.GetFeature<IHttpConnectionFeature>()?.RemoteIpAddress;
var remoteIpAddress = HttpContext.Features.Get<IHttpConnectionFeature>()?.RemoteIpAddress;
API 已更新。不确定它何时更改,但 according to Damien Edwards 在 12 月下旬,您现在可以这样做:
var remoteIpAddress = request.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress;
可以添加一些回退逻辑来处理负载平衡器的存在。
此外,通过检查,X-Forwarded-For
header 即使没有负载平衡器(可能是因为额外的 Kestrel 层?)也被设置了:
public string GetRequestIP(bool tryUseXForwardHeader = true)
{
string ip = null;
// todo support new "Forwarded" header (2014) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X-Forwarded-For
// X-Forwarded-For (csv list): Using the First entry in the list seems to work
// for 99% of cases however it has been suggested that a better (although tedious)
// approach might be to read each IP from right to left and use the first public IP.
// http://whosebug.com/a/43554000/538763
//
if (tryUseXForwardHeader)
ip = GetHeaderValueAs<string>("X-Forwarded-For").SplitCsv().FirstOrDefault();
// RemoteIpAddress is always null in DNX RC1 Update1 (bug).
if (ip.IsNullOrWhitespace() && _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext?.Connection?.RemoteIpAddress != null)
ip = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress.ToString();
if (ip.IsNullOrWhitespace())
ip = GetHeaderValueAs<string>("REMOTE_ADDR");
// _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext?.Request?.Host this is the local host.
if (ip.IsNullOrWhitespace())
throw new Exception("Unable to determine caller's IP.");
return ip;
}
public T GetHeaderValueAs<T>(string headerName)
{
StringValues values;
if (_httpContextAccessor.HttpContext?.Request?.Headers?.TryGetValue(headerName, out values) ?? false)
{
string rawValues = values.ToString(); // writes out as Csv when there are multiple.
if (!rawValues.IsNullOrWhitespace())
return (T)Convert.ChangeType(values.ToString(), typeof(T));
}
return default(T);
}
public static List<string> SplitCsv(this string csvList, bool nullOrWhitespaceInputReturnsNull = false)
{
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(csvList))
return nullOrWhitespaceInputReturnsNull ? null : new List<string>();
return csvList
.TrimEnd(',')
.Split(',')
.AsEnumerable<string>()
.Select(s => s.Trim())
.ToList();
}
public static bool IsNullOrWhitespace(this string s)
{
return String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(s);
}
假设 _httpContextAccessor
是通过 DI 提供的。
在project.json中添加依赖:
"Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpOverrides": "2.2.0"
在Startup.cs
中,在Configure()
方法中添加:
app.UseForwardedHeaders(new ForwardedHeadersOptions
{
ForwardedHeaders = ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedFor |
ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedProto
});
当然还有:
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpOverrides;
然后,我可以通过以下方式获取 ip:
Request.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress
在我的例子中,当在 VS 中调试时,我总是得到 IpV6 本地主机,但是当部署在 IIS 上时,我总是得到远程 IP。
一些有用的链接:
::1
可能是因为:
Connections termination at IIS, which then forwards to Kestrel, the v.next web server, so connections to the web server are indeed from localhost. ()
编辑 12/2020:感谢 SolidSnake:截至 2020 年 12 月,最新版本为 2.2.0
编辑 06/2021:感谢 Hakan Fıstık:在 .NET 5 中,命名空间是 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder
首先,在.Net Core 1.0
添加 using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Features;
到控制器
然后在相关方法里面:
var ip = HttpContext.Features.Get<IHttpConnectionFeature>()?.RemoteIpAddress?.ToString();
我阅读了其他几个无法编译的答案,因为它使用的是小写的 httpContext,导致 VS 添加使用 Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http,而不是适当的使用,或者使用 HttpContext(编译器也会误导)。
在 ASP.NET 2.1 中,在 StartUp.cs 中添加此服务:
services.AddHttpContextAccessor();
services.TryAddSingleton<IActionContextAccessor, ActionContextAccessor>();
然后执行 3 步:
在 MVC 控制器中定义一个变量
private IHttpContextAccessor _accessor;
DI 到控制器的构造函数中
public SomeController(IHttpContextAccessor accessor) { _accessor = accessor; }
检索 IP 地址
_accessor.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress.ToString()
这是怎么做的。
这对我有用 (DotNetCore 2.1)
[HttpGet]
public string Get()
{
var remoteIpAddress = HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress;
return remoteIpAddress.ToString();
}
就我而言,我在 DigitalOcean 上有 DotNet Core 2.2 Web App 运行,docker 和 nginx 作为反向代理。使用 Startup.cs 中的这段代码,我可以获得客户端 IP
app.UseForwardedHeaders(new ForwardedHeadersOptions
{
ForwardedHeaders = ForwardedHeaders.All,
RequireHeaderSymmetry = false,
ForwardLimit = null,
KnownNetworks = { new IPNetwork(IPAddress.Parse("::ffff:172.17.0.1"), 104) }
});
::ffff:172.17.0.1 是我在使用
之前获得的 ipRequest.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress.ToString();
要在 .NET Core 中获取 IP 地址和主机名,请将以下代码放入控制器中:
var addlist = Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName());
string GetHostName = addlist.HostName.ToString();
string GetIPV6 = addlist.AddressList[0].ToString();
string GetIPV4 = addlist.AddressList[1].ToString();
试试这个。
var host = Dns.GetHostEntry(Dns.GetHostName());
foreach (var ip in host.AddressList)
{
if (ip.AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetwork)
{
ipAddress = ip.ToString();
}
}
我发现,有些人发现你得到的IP地址是:::1或0.0.0.1
这个问题是因为你试图从你自己的机器上获取 IP,而 C# 试图 return IPv6 的混乱。
所以,我实现了@Johna (
这里是解决方案:
在您的参考文献中添加 Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpOverrides 包 (Dependencies/Packages)
在Startup.cs
中添加这一行public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env) { // your current code // start code to add // to get ip address app.UseForwardedHeaders(new ForwardedHeadersOptions { ForwardedHeaders = ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedFor | ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedProto }); // end code to add }
要获取 IP 地址,请在您的任何 Controller.cs
中使用此代码IPAddress remoteIpAddress = Request.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress; string result = ""; if (remoteIpAddress != null) { // If we got an IPV6 address, then we need to ask the network for the IPV4 address // This usually only happens when the browser is on the same machine as the server. if (remoteIpAddress.AddressFamily == System.Net.Sockets.AddressFamily.InterNetworkV6) { remoteIpAddress = System.Net.Dns.GetHostEntry(remoteIpAddress).AddressList .First(x => x.AddressFamily == System.Net.Sockets.AddressFamily.InterNetwork); } result = remoteIpAddress.ToString(); }
现在您可以从 remoteIpAddress 或 result
获取 IPv4 地址运行 .NET core
(3.1.4) IIS
在负载均衡器后面不适用于其他建议的解决方案。
手动阅读 X-Forwarded-For
header 可以。
此代码假定此 header 包含一个 IP。
IPAddress ip;
var headers = Request.Headers.ToList();
if (headers.Exists((kvp) => kvp.Key == "X-Forwarded-For"))
{
// when running behind a load balancer you can expect this header
var header = headers.First((kvp) => kvp.Key == "X-Forwarded-For").Value.ToString();
// in case the IP contains a port, remove ':' and everything after
ip = IPAddress.Parse(header.Remove(header.IndexOf(':')));
}
else
{
// this will always have a value (running locally in development won't have the header)
ip = Request.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress;
}
感谢 @JawadAlShaikh
和 @BozoJoe
指出 IP 可以包含一个端口,X-Forwarded-For
可以包含多个 IP。
运行 ASP.NET Core 2.1 behind a Traefik reverse Proxy on Ubuntu, 安装官方[=13=后我需要在KnownProxies
设置它的网关IP ] 包裹
var forwardedOptions = new ForwardedHeadersOptions {
ForwardedHeaders = ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedFor,
};
forwardedOptions.KnownProxies.Add(IPAddress.Parse("192.168.3.1"));
app.UseForwardedHeaders(forwardedOptions);
根据 the documentation,如果本地主机上的反向代理不是 运行,则这是必需的。 Traefik的docker-compose.yml
分配了一个静态IP地址:
networks:
my-docker-network:
ipv4_address: 192.168.3.2
或者,确保在此处定义已知网络以在 .NET Core 中指定其网关就足够了。
在 .NET 5 中,我使用它通过 AWS fargate 上的容器检索客户端 IP。
public static class HttpContextExtensions
{
//https://gist.github.com/jjxtra/3b240b31a1ed3ad783a7dcdb6df12c36
public static IPAddress GetRemoteIPAddress(this HttpContext context, bool allowForwarded = true)
{
if (allowForwarded)
{
string header = (context.Request.Headers["CF-Connecting-IP"].FirstOrDefault() ?? context.Request.Headers["X-Forwarded-For"].FirstOrDefault());
if (IPAddress.TryParse(header, out IPAddress ip))
{
return ip;
}
}
return context.Connection.RemoteIpAddress;
}
}
你这样称呼它:
var ipFromExtensionMethod = HttpContext.GetRemoteIPAddress().ToString();
从this link开始,有更好的解决办法
在Startup.cs中,我们需要添加服务-
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
........
services.AddHttpContextAccessor();
........
}
然后在任何控制器或任何地方,我们需要像这样通过依赖注入来使用它-
private IHttpContextAccessor HttpContextAccessor { get; }
public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options, IWebHostEnvironment env, IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor)
: base(options)
{
Environment = env;
HttpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
//this.Database.EnsureCreated();
}
然后这样获取IP-
IPAddress userIp = HttpContextAccessor.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress;
@crokusek
public string GetUserIP(HttpRequest req)
{
var ip = req.Headers["X-Forwarded-For"].FirstOrDefault();
if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(ip)) ip = ip.Split(',')[0];
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(ip)) ip = Convert.ToString(req.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress);
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(ip)) ip = req.Headers["REMOTE_ADDR"].FirstOrDefault();
return ip;
}
截至 2021 年 9 月 - ASP.NET 核心 (5.x) MVC 项目允许我在我的控制器中以这种方式获取 IP 地址:
Request.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress
现在看起来比过去简单多了。
根据官方文档,如果您正在使用 Apache 或 Nginx 集成,则应将以下代码添加到 Startup.ConfigureServices
方法中。
// using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HttpOverrides;
services.Configure<ForwardedHeadersOptions>(options =>
{
options.ForwardedHeaders = ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedFor |
ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedProto;
// Only loopback proxies are allowed by default.
// Clear that restriction because forwarders are enabled by explicit
// configuration.
options.KnownNetworks.Clear();
options.KnownProxies.Clear();
});
然后最重要的是,在 Configure
方法中使用
app.UseForwardedHeaders();
进一步假设在nginx conf文件中,在一个位置内,使用
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $server_name;
现在 X-Forwarded-For
中的第一个条目将是真实的客户端 IP。
重要提示:如果您想保护应用程序并且不允许攻击者注入 X-Forwarded-For,请阅读此 answer。
请看Forward the scheme for Linux and non-IIS reverse proxies, Configure Nginx and Dealing with invalid headers
首先添加
Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http
services.AddSingleton<IHttpContextAccessor, HttpContextAccessor>();
在ConfigureServices
在Startup.cs
然后在您的控制器中添加以下代码
private IHttpContextAccessor _accessor;
public LoginController(IHttpContextAccessor accessor)
{
_accessor = accessor;
}
public IEnumerable<string> Get()
{
var ip = _accessor.HttpContext?.Connection?.RemoteIpAddress?.ToString();
return new string[] { ip, "value" };
}
希望这对你有用
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.Features;
public string GetClientIPAddress(HttpContext context)
{
string ip = string.Empty;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(context.Request.Headers["X-Forwarded-For"]))
{
ip = context.Request.Headers["X-Forwarded-For"];
}
else
{
ip = context.Request.HttpContext.Features.Get<IHttpConnectionFeature>().RemoteIpAddress.ToString();
}
return ip;
}
你想从哪里获得IP地址;
GetClientIPAddress(HttpContext);
试试这个:
string remoteHost = $"{httpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress}:{httpContext.Connection.RemotePort}";