如何从 xml 和 java 中的根元素中删除 xmlns 属性

Question

我想从 xml 字符串后面删除 xmlns 属性。我写了一个 java 程序，但不确定它是否做了这里需要做的事情。

如何删除 xmlns 属性并获取修改后的 xml 字符串？

输入XML字符串：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Payment xmlns="http://api.com/schema/store/1.0">
    <Store>abc</Store>
</Payment>

预期XML输出字符串：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Payment>
    <Store>abc</Store>
</Payment>

Java Class:

public class XPathUtils {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><Payment xmlns=\"http://api.com/schema/store/1.0\"><Store>abc</Store></Payment>";
        String afterNsRemoval = removeNameSpace(xml);
        System.out.println("afterNsRemoval = " + afterNsRemoval);
    }

    public static String removeNameSpace(String xml) {
        try {
            System.out.println("before xml = " + xml);
            DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
            DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
            InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(new StringReader(xml));
            Document xmlDoc = builder.parse(inputSource);
            Node root = xmlDoc.getDocumentElement();
            NodeList rootchildren = root.getChildNodes();
            Element newroot = xmlDoc.createElement(root.getNodeName());
            for (int i = 0; i < rootchildren.getLength(); i++) {
                newroot.appendChild(rootchildren.item(i).cloneNode(true));
            }
            xmlDoc.replaceChild(newroot, root);
            return xmlDoc.toString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Could not parse message as xml: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        return "";
    }
}

输出：

before xml = <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Payment xmlns="http://api.com/schema/store/1.0"><Store>abc</Store></Payment>

afterNsRemoval = [#document: null]

Answer 1

你需要一个变压器。检查下面修改后的方法：

public static String removeNameSpace(String xml) {


        try {
             TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
             Transformer transformer = tf.newTransformer();
             transformer.setOutputProperty( OutputKeys.METHOD, "xml" );
             transformer.setOutputProperty( OutputKeys.INDENT, "false" );
            System.out.println("before xml = " + xml);
            DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
            DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
            InputSource inputSource = new InputSource(new StringReader(xml));
            Document xmlDoc = builder.parse(inputSource);
            Node root = xmlDoc.getDocumentElement();
            NodeList rootchildren = root.getChildNodes();
            Element newroot = xmlDoc.createElement(root.getNodeName());
            for (int i = 0; i < rootchildren.getLength(); i++) {
                newroot.appendChild(rootchildren.item(i).cloneNode(true));
            }
            xmlDoc.replaceChild(newroot, root);
            DOMSource requestXMLSource = new DOMSource( xmlDoc.getDocumentElement() );
            StringWriter requestXMLStringWriter = new StringWriter();
            StreamResult requestXMLStreamResult = new StreamResult( requestXMLStringWriter );            
            transformer.transform( requestXMLSource, requestXMLStreamResult );
            String modifiedRequestXML = requestXMLStringWriter.toString();

            return modifiedRequestXML;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Could not parse message as xml: " + e.getMessage());
        }
        return "";
    }

输出：

before xml = <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Payment xmlns="http://api.com/schema/store/1.0"><Store>abc</Store></Payment>
afterNsRemoval = <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Payment><Store>abc</Store></Payment>

Answer 2

除了最后一个操作，你做的一切都正确：document.toString() 给你不正确的结果，因为它是生成 Document 对象的字符串 xml 表示的不正确方式。请参阅此 answer，它包含此方法的正确实现：

public static String toString(Document doc) {
    try {
        StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
        TransformerFactory tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance();
        ...

Answer 3

这是用 XPath 和 vtd 完成的代码-xml（我是作者）...

import com.ximpleware.*;
import java.io.*;

public class removeAttrNode {
    public static void main(String[] s) throws VTDException, Exception{
        VTDGen vg = new VTDGen(); ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><Payment xmlns=\"http://api.com/schema/store/1.0\"><Store>abc</Store></Payment>";
        vg.setDoc(xml.getBytes());
        vg.parse(false); // turn off namespace awareness so that 
        VTDNav vn = vg.getNav();
        AutoPilot ap = new AutoPilot(vn);
        XMLModifier xm = new XMLModifier(vn);
        ap.selectXPath("//@xmlns");
        int i=0;
        while((i=ap.evalXPath())!=-1){
            xm.remove();
        }
        xm.output(baos);
        System.out.println(baos.toString());    
    }
}

Answer 4

将 XSLT 视为删除 declared/undeclared 命名空间是一项常规任务。这里不需要第三方模块，因为 base Java 配备了 XSLT 1.0 处理器。此外，由于 XSLT 负责转换，因此不会处理循环或 XML tags/attribs 重新创建。

import java.io.*;

import javax.xml.parsers.*;
import javax.xml.transform.*;
import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;
import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamSource;

import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.xml.sax.InputSource;
import org.xml.sax.SAXException;

public class XPathUtils {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><Payment xmlns=\"http://api.com/schema/store/1.0\"><Store>abc</Store></Payment>";
        String afterNsRemoval = removeNameSpace(xml);
        System.out.println("afterNsRemoval = " + afterNsRemoval);
    }

    public static String removeNameSpace(String xml) {
        try{
            String xslStr = String.join("\n",
                "<xsl:transform xmlns:xsl=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform\" version=\"1.0\">",
                "<xsl:output version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\" indent=\"no\"/>",
                "<xsl:strip-space elements=\"*\"/>",                          
                "  <xsl:template match=\"@*|node()\">",
                "   <xsl:element name=\"{local-name()}\">",
                "     <xsl:apply-templates select=\"@*|node()\"/>",
                "  </xsl:element>",
                "  </xsl:template>",  
                "  <xsl:template match=\"text()\">",
                "    <xsl:copy/>",
                "  </xsl:template>",                                  
                "</xsl:transform>");

            // Parse XML and Build Document
            DocumentBuilder db = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance().newDocumentBuilder();
            InputSource is = new InputSource();
            is.setCharacterStream(new StringReader(xml));
            Document doc = db.parse (is);                      

            // Parse XSLT and Configure Transformer
            Source xslt = new StreamSource(new StringReader(xslStr));
            Transformer tf = TransformerFactory.newInstance().newTransformer(xslt);

            // Output Result to String
            DOMSource source = new DOMSource(doc);
            StringWriter outWriter = new StringWriter();
            StreamResult strresult = new StreamResult( outWriter );        
            tf.transform(source, strresult);
            StringBuffer sb = outWriter.getBuffer(); 
            String finalstring = sb.toString();

            return(finalstring);

        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.out.println("Could not parse message as xml: " + e.getMessage());
        }
            return "";    
    }
}

Answer 5

您应该获取当前 ELEMENT_NODE 和 ownerDoc.renameNode(node,null,node.getLocalName()) 的 getOwnerDocument()。对于您需要的所有属性，您还应该 ownerDoc.renameNode(subNode,null,subNode.getLocalName())，对于不需要的属性，您还应该使用 removeNamedItemNS。

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