是否可以使用 python pywin32 从 windows 中的系统托盘应用程序获取前景 window？
Is it possible to get the foreground window from a system tray app in windows using python pywin32?
我正在使用 pywin32 的演示 win32gui_taskbar.py 并扩展它以拍摄 window 的屏幕截图，如果特定 window 当前是 active/foreground window.
screen_shot 函数在用户左键单击系统托盘图标时被调用
import win32api, win32service
import win32gui, win32ui
import win32con, winerror
import sys, os
import time
from PIL import Image
class MainWindow:
def __init__(self):
msg_TaskbarRestart = win32gui.RegisterWindowMessage("TaskbarCreated");
message_map = {
msg_TaskbarRestart: self.OnRestart,
win32con.WM_DESTROY: self.OnDestroy,
win32con.WM_COMMAND: self.OnCommand,
win32con.WM_USER+20 : self.OnTaskbarNotify,
}
# Register the Window class.
wc = win32gui.WNDCLASS()
hinst = wc.hInstance = win32api.GetModuleHandle(None)
wc.lpszClassName = "PythonTaskbarDemo"
wc.style = win32con.CS_VREDRAW | win32con.CS_HREDRAW;
wc.hCursor = win32api.LoadCursor( 0, win32con.IDC_ARROW )
wc.hbrBackground = win32con.COLOR_WINDOW
wc.lpfnWndProc = message_map # could also specify a wndproc.
# Don't blow up if class already registered to make testing easier
try:
classAtom = win32gui.RegisterClass(wc)
except win32gui.error, err_info:
if err_info.winerror!=winerror.ERROR_CLASS_ALREADY_EXISTS:
raise
# Create the Window.
style = win32con.WS_OVERLAPPED | win32con.WS_SYSMENU
self.hwnd = win32gui.CreateWindow( wc.lpszClassName, "Taskbar Demo", style, \
0, 0, win32con.CW_USEDEFAULT, win32con.CW_USEDEFAULT, \
0, 0, hinst, None)
win32gui.UpdateWindow(self.hwnd)
self._DoCreateIcons()
def _DoCreateIcons(self):
# Try and find a custom icon
hinst = win32api.GetModuleHandle(None)
iconPathName = os.path.abspath(os.path.join( os.path.split(sys.executable)[0], "pyc.ico" ))
if not os.path.isfile(iconPathName):
# Look in DLLs dir, a-la py 2.5
iconPathName = os.path.abspath(os.path.join( os.path.split(sys.executable)[0], "DLLs",
"pyc.ico" ))
if not os.path.isfile(iconPathName):
# Look in the source tree.
iconPathName = os.path.abspath(os.path.join( os.path.split(sys.executable)[0], "..\PC\
\pyc.ico" ))
if os.path.isfile(iconPathName):
icon_flags = win32con.LR_LOADFROMFILE | win32con.LR_DEFAULTSIZE
hicon = win32gui.LoadImage(hinst, iconPathName, win32con.IMAGE_ICON, 0, 0, icon_flags)
else:
print "Can't find a Python icon file - using default"
hicon = win32gui.LoadIcon(0, win32con.IDI_APPLICATION)
flags = win32gui.NIF_ICON | win32gui.NIF_MESSAGE | win32gui.NIF_TIP
nid = (self.hwnd, 0, flags, win32con.WM_USER+20, hicon, "Python Demo")
try:
win32gui.Shell_NotifyIcon(win32gui.NIM_ADD, nid)
except win32gui.error:
# This is common when windows is starting, and this code is hit
# before the taskbar has been created.
print "Failed to add the taskbar icon - is explorer running?"
# but keep running anyway - when explorer starts, we get the
# TaskbarCreated message.
def OnRestart(self, hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam):
print "In onrestart"
self._DoCreateIcons()
def OnDestroy(self, hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam):
nid = (self.hwnd, 0)
win32gui.Shell_NotifyIcon(win32gui.NIM_DELETE, nid)
win32gui.PostQuitMessage(0) # Terminate the app.
def OnTaskbarNotify(self, hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam):
if lparam==win32con.WM_LBUTTONUP:
print "You clicked me."
print win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd)
print ".." + win32gui.GetWindowText(win32gui.GetForegroundWindow())
self.screen_shoot()
elif lparam==win32con.WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK:
print "You double-clicked me - goodbye"
win32gui.DestroyWindow(self.hwnd)
elif lparam==win32con.WM_RBUTTONUP:
print "You right clicked me."
return 1
def screen_shot(self):
wndh = win32gui.GetForegroundWindow()
if "Notepad" in win32gui.GetWindowText(wndh):
print "Inside if"
hwndDC = win32gui.GetWindowDC(wndh)
mfcDC = win32ui.CreateDCFromHandle(hwndDC)
saveDC = mfcDC.CreateCompatibleDC()
saveBitMap = win32ui.CreateBitmap()
left, top, right, bot = win32gui.GetWindowRect(wndh)
w = right - left
h = bot - top
saveBitMap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(mfcDC, w, h)
saveDC.SelectObject(saveBitMap)
saveDC.BitBlt((0, 0), (w, h), mfcDC, (0, 0), win32con.SRCCOPY)
bmpinfo = saveBitMap.GetInfo()
bmpstr = saveBitMap.GetBitmapBits(True)
im = Image.frombuffer('RGB', (bmpinfo['bmWidth'],
bmpinfo['bmHeight']),
bmpstr, 'raw', 'BGRX', 0, 1)
win32gui.DeleteObject(saveBitMap.GetHandle())
saveDC.DeleteDC()
mfcDC.DeleteDC()
win32gui.ReleaseDC(wndh, hwndDC)
im.save("c:\screenshot" + str(int(time.time())) + ".png")
def OnCommand(self, hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam):
id = win32api.LOWORD(wparam)
if id == 1023:
import win32gui_dialog
win32gui_dialog.DemoModal()
elif id == 1024:
print "Hello"
elif id == 1025:
print "Goodbye"
win32gui.DestroyWindow(self.hwnd)
else:
print "Unknown command -", id
def main():
w=MainWindow()
win32gui.PumpMessages()
if __name__=='__main__':
main()
在上面的代码中，控件永远不会进入 screen_shot 函数中的 if 条件。
如何让这个程序工作？当 运行 作为普通应用程序时，相同的屏幕截图逻辑工作正常。
正在回答自己的问题...
刚刚意识到任务栏也是另一个 "window" & 单击系统托盘图标后焦点转移到任务 window。这就是报告的前景 window & get window text for this window is blank string。我通过稍微修改我的程序来验证这一点。
在MainWindow class init 函数中win32gui.Shell_NotifyIcon(win32gui.NIM_ADD, nid) 图标init 调用后添加了以下代码来验证它
while True:
time.sleep(0.1)
wndh = win32gui.GetForegroundWindow()
print "windowndh" + str(wndh)
if "Notepad" in win32gui.GetWindowText(wndh):
# Take screen shot
print "Inside if"
我正在使用 pywin32 的演示 win32gui_taskbar.py 并扩展它以拍摄 window 的屏幕截图，如果特定 window 当前是 active/foreground window.
screen_shot 函数在用户左键单击系统托盘图标时被调用
import win32api, win32service
import win32gui, win32ui
import win32con, winerror
import sys, os
import time
from PIL import Image
class MainWindow:
def __init__(self):
msg_TaskbarRestart = win32gui.RegisterWindowMessage("TaskbarCreated");
message_map = {
msg_TaskbarRestart: self.OnRestart,
win32con.WM_DESTROY: self.OnDestroy,
win32con.WM_COMMAND: self.OnCommand,
win32con.WM_USER+20 : self.OnTaskbarNotify,
}
# Register the Window class.
wc = win32gui.WNDCLASS()
hinst = wc.hInstance = win32api.GetModuleHandle(None)
wc.lpszClassName = "PythonTaskbarDemo"
wc.style = win32con.CS_VREDRAW | win32con.CS_HREDRAW;
wc.hCursor = win32api.LoadCursor( 0, win32con.IDC_ARROW )
wc.hbrBackground = win32con.COLOR_WINDOW
wc.lpfnWndProc = message_map # could also specify a wndproc.
# Don't blow up if class already registered to make testing easier
try:
classAtom = win32gui.RegisterClass(wc)
except win32gui.error, err_info:
if err_info.winerror!=winerror.ERROR_CLASS_ALREADY_EXISTS:
raise
# Create the Window.
style = win32con.WS_OVERLAPPED | win32con.WS_SYSMENU
self.hwnd = win32gui.CreateWindow( wc.lpszClassName, "Taskbar Demo", style, \
0, 0, win32con.CW_USEDEFAULT, win32con.CW_USEDEFAULT, \
0, 0, hinst, None)
win32gui.UpdateWindow(self.hwnd)
self._DoCreateIcons()
def _DoCreateIcons(self):
# Try and find a custom icon
hinst = win32api.GetModuleHandle(None)
iconPathName = os.path.abspath(os.path.join( os.path.split(sys.executable)[0], "pyc.ico" ))
if not os.path.isfile(iconPathName):
# Look in DLLs dir, a-la py 2.5
iconPathName = os.path.abspath(os.path.join( os.path.split(sys.executable)[0], "DLLs",
"pyc.ico" ))
if not os.path.isfile(iconPathName):
# Look in the source tree.
iconPathName = os.path.abspath(os.path.join( os.path.split(sys.executable)[0], "..\PC\
\pyc.ico" ))
if os.path.isfile(iconPathName):
icon_flags = win32con.LR_LOADFROMFILE | win32con.LR_DEFAULTSIZE
hicon = win32gui.LoadImage(hinst, iconPathName, win32con.IMAGE_ICON, 0, 0, icon_flags)
else:
print "Can't find a Python icon file - using default"
hicon = win32gui.LoadIcon(0, win32con.IDI_APPLICATION)
flags = win32gui.NIF_ICON | win32gui.NIF_MESSAGE | win32gui.NIF_TIP
nid = (self.hwnd, 0, flags, win32con.WM_USER+20, hicon, "Python Demo")
try:
win32gui.Shell_NotifyIcon(win32gui.NIM_ADD, nid)
except win32gui.error:
# This is common when windows is starting, and this code is hit
# before the taskbar has been created.
print "Failed to add the taskbar icon - is explorer running?"
# but keep running anyway - when explorer starts, we get the
# TaskbarCreated message.
def OnRestart(self, hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam):
print "In onrestart"
self._DoCreateIcons()
def OnDestroy(self, hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam):
nid = (self.hwnd, 0)
win32gui.Shell_NotifyIcon(win32gui.NIM_DELETE, nid)
win32gui.PostQuitMessage(0) # Terminate the app.
def OnTaskbarNotify(self, hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam):
if lparam==win32con.WM_LBUTTONUP:
print "You clicked me."
print win32gui.GetWindowText(hwnd)
print ".." + win32gui.GetWindowText(win32gui.GetForegroundWindow())
self.screen_shoot()
elif lparam==win32con.WM_LBUTTONDBLCLK:
print "You double-clicked me - goodbye"
win32gui.DestroyWindow(self.hwnd)
elif lparam==win32con.WM_RBUTTONUP:
print "You right clicked me."
return 1
def screen_shot(self):
wndh = win32gui.GetForegroundWindow()
if "Notepad" in win32gui.GetWindowText(wndh):
print "Inside if"
hwndDC = win32gui.GetWindowDC(wndh)
mfcDC = win32ui.CreateDCFromHandle(hwndDC)
saveDC = mfcDC.CreateCompatibleDC()
saveBitMap = win32ui.CreateBitmap()
left, top, right, bot = win32gui.GetWindowRect(wndh)
w = right - left
h = bot - top
saveBitMap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(mfcDC, w, h)
saveDC.SelectObject(saveBitMap)
saveDC.BitBlt((0, 0), (w, h), mfcDC, (0, 0), win32con.SRCCOPY)
bmpinfo = saveBitMap.GetInfo()
bmpstr = saveBitMap.GetBitmapBits(True)
im = Image.frombuffer('RGB', (bmpinfo['bmWidth'],
bmpinfo['bmHeight']),
bmpstr, 'raw', 'BGRX', 0, 1)
win32gui.DeleteObject(saveBitMap.GetHandle())
saveDC.DeleteDC()
mfcDC.DeleteDC()
win32gui.ReleaseDC(wndh, hwndDC)
im.save("c:\screenshot" + str(int(time.time())) + ".png")
def OnCommand(self, hwnd, msg, wparam, lparam):
id = win32api.LOWORD(wparam)
if id == 1023:
import win32gui_dialog
win32gui_dialog.DemoModal()
elif id == 1024:
print "Hello"
elif id == 1025:
print "Goodbye"
win32gui.DestroyWindow(self.hwnd)
else:
print "Unknown command -", id
def main():
w=MainWindow()
win32gui.PumpMessages()
if __name__=='__main__':
main()
在上面的代码中，控件永远不会进入 screen_shot 函数中的 if 条件。 如何让这个程序工作？当 运行 作为普通应用程序时，相同的屏幕截图逻辑工作正常。
正在回答自己的问题...
刚刚意识到任务栏也是另一个 "window" & 单击系统托盘图标后焦点转移到任务 window。这就是报告的前景 window & get window text for this window is blank string。我通过稍微修改我的程序来验证这一点。
在MainWindow class init 函数中win32gui.Shell_NotifyIcon(win32gui.NIM_ADD, nid) 图标init 调用后添加了以下代码来验证它
while True:
time.sleep(0.1)
wndh = win32gui.GetForegroundWindow()
print "windowndh" + str(wndh)
if "Notepad" in win32gui.GetWindowText(wndh):
# Take screen shot
print "Inside if"