如何直接将数组中的所有字符串大写?

How can I capitalize all the strings inside an array directly?

我正在学习 swift。我一直在 Playground 尝试这个。我不知道为什么字符串在这里没有大写。或者有没有其他方法可以直接将数组中的字符串大写?

这是我的代码。

var dogNames = ["Sean", "fido", "Sarah", "Parker", "Walt", "abby", "Yang"]

for index in 0..<dogNames.count {
    var dogName = dogNames[index].capitalizedString
    dogNames.removeAtIndex(index)
    dogNames.append(dogName)
}

当我尝试再次显示变量 dogNames 时。里面的字符串没有大写

通过从数组中间删除然后追加到末尾,您最终会跳过一些项目。这是数组在每个步骤中的样子:

[Sean, fido, Sarah, Parker, Walt, abby, Yang]
[fido, Sarah, Parker, Walt, abby, Yang, Sean] (index=0; Sean moved to end)
[fido, Parker, Walt, abby, Yang, Sean, Sarah] (index=1; Sarah moved to end)
[fido, Parker, abby, Yang, Sean, Sarah, Walt] (index=2; Walt moved to end)
[fido, Parker, abby, Sean, Sarah, Walt, Yang]
[fido, Parker, abby, Sean, Walt, Yang, Sarah]
[fido, Parker, abby, Sean, Walt, Sarah, Yang]
[fido, Parker, abby, Sean, Walt, Sarah, Yang]

如果您想保持数组完好无损,在您从中获取它的同一索引处进行替换会更有意义:

dogNames[index] = dogName

但是您可以更优雅地使用 Array.map 独立处理每个项目,而根本不必处理索引:

    let dogNames = ["Sean", "fido", "Sarah", "Parker", "Walt", "abby", "Yang"]
    let capitalDogNames = dogNames.map({ (dogName) -> String in
        return dogName.capitalizedString
    })

使用 .uppercaseString 将所有字符大写。

尝试使用以下代码:

var dogNames = ["Sean", "fido", "Sarah", "Parker", "Walt", "abby", "Yang"]

for index in 0..<dogNames.count {
    var dogName = dogNames[index].capitalizedString
    dogNames[index]=dogName
}

输出:

[Sean, Fido, Sarah, Parker, Walt, Abby, Yang]

您必须以相反的顺序执行循环:

for index in reverse(0..<dogNames.count)

原因是,当您从数组中删除一个元素时,删除元素之后的所有元素都会向后移动一个位置,因此它们的索引会发生变化 - 而之前的所有元素都没有任何索引变化。通过以相反的顺序导航,您可以确定仍要处理的项目没有更改其索引。

也回答我自己的问题。总结我在此处的答案中找到的所有内容。我想出了这个解决方案。这就是我用更少的过程解决这个问题的方法。

var dogNames = ["Sean", "fido", "Sarah", "Parker", "Walt", "abby", "Yang"]


for index in 0..<dogNames.count {

    if dogNames[index] != dogNames[index].capitalizedString {
        var dogName = dogNames[index].capitalizedString
        dogNames[index] = dogName
    }

}

更新:Xcode 8.2.1 • Swift 3.0.2

var dogNames = ["Sean", "fido", "Sarah", "Parker", "Walt", "abby", "Yang"]

for (index, element) in dogNames.enumerated() {
    dogNames[index] = element.capitalized
}

print(dogNames)   // "["Sean", "Fido", "Sarah", "Parker", "Walt", "Abby", "Yang"]\n"

这是使用map()的典型案例:

let dogNames1 = ["Sean", "fido", "Sarah", "Parker", "Walt", "abby", "Yang"].map{[=11=].capitalized}

一个filter()样本:

let dogNamesStartingWithS = ["Sean", "fido", "Sarah", "Parker", "Walt", "abby", "Yang"].filter{[=12=].hasPrefix("S")}

dogNamesStartingWithS   // ["Sean", "Sarah"]

您可以将两者结合使用:

let namesStartingWithS = ["sean", "fido", "sarah", "parker", "walt", "abby", "yang"].map{[=13=].capitalized}.filter{[=13=].hasPrefix("S")}

namesStartingWithS   // ["Sean", "Sarah"]

如果需要,您还可以使用 sort 方法(如果您不想改变原始数组,则可以使用 sorted 方法)按字母顺序对结果进行排序:

let sortedNames = ["sean", "fido", "sarah", "parker", "walt", "abby", "yang"].map{[=14=].capitalized}.sorted()

sortedNames  // ["Abby", "Fido", "Parker", "Sarah", "Sean", "Walt", "Yang"]

这是 swift 3.0 中最简单的方法:

var dogNames = ["Sean", "fido", "Sarah", "Parker", "Walt", "abby", "Yang"]

dogNames = dogNames.map {[=10=].capitalized}
print("dogNames: \(dogNames)")