Read/write kivy 小部件属性 python

Question

我对 Python 有基本的应用知识，我正在尝试自学 kivy。我希望能够 Python 向 kivy 小部件读取和写入数据。

假设有一个地址簿应用程序可以将日期和时间插入到 TextInput 中。当应用程序启动时，只需 Python 获取日期和时间并将其正确插入？

本程序代码将给出一个简单的地址簿示例：

from kivy.app import App

from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.textinput import TextInput

class AddressApp(App):
    def build(self):
        pass

if __name__ == '__main__':
AddressApp().run()

这是它的 address.kv 文件：

GridLayout:
    cols: 2
    Label:
    text: 'Date'
TextInput:
    id: textinputdate
Label:
    text: 'Time'
TextInput:
    id: textinputtime
Label:
    text: 'Name'
TextInput:
    id: textinputname
Label:
    text: 'Address'
TextInput:
    id: textinputaddress
Label:
    text: 'email'
TextInput:
    id: textinputemail
Label:
    text: 'Phone'
TextInput:
    id: textinputphone

在那之后，如果我想让 Python 阅读...我不知道...呃...phone number TextInput，该怎么做？

Answer 1

如果您希望某些小部件具有额外的功能（例如：在应用程序启动时加载当前日期），请创建满足要求的该小部件的自定义版本。在规则中读取小部件的值非常简单。示例：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.uix.textinput import TextInput
from kivy.clock import Clock
import time

gui = '''
BoxLayout:
    orientation: 'vertical'

    GridLayout:
        cols: 2

        Label:
            text: 'current time'

        DateInput:
            id: date_input

    Button:
        text: 'write date to console'
        on_press: print(date_input.text)
'''


class DateInput(TextInput):

    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super(DateInput, self).__init__(**kwargs)
        Clock.schedule_interval(self.update, 1)  # update every second

    def update(self, dt):
        self.text = time.ctime()


class Test(App):

    def build(self):
        return Builder.load_string(gui)


Test().run()

Answer 2

kivy 的 FreeNode IRC 频道上一个叫 spinningD20 的人向我展示了这个。

有一种比添加自定义小部件更简单的方法。只要您只想在应用程序启动时向 TextInput 中插入一个值...

address.py

from kivy.app import App

from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.textinput import TextInput

import time

class AddressApp(App):
        def build(self):
            self.root.ids.textinputdate.text = time.strftime("%x")

if __name__ == '__main__':
        AddressApp().run()

address.kv

GridLayout:
    cols: 2
    Label:
        text: 'Date'
    TextInput:
        id: textinputdate
    Label:
        text: 'Time'
    TextInput:
        id: textinputtime
    Label:
        text: 'Name'
    TextInput:
        id: textinputname
    Label:
        text: 'Address'
    TextInput:
        id: textinputaddress
    Label:
        text: 'email'
    TextInput:
        id: textinputemail
    Label:
        text: 'Phone'
    TextInput:
        id: textinputphone

Answer 3

spinningD20 在这里。公平地说，我回答了他的直接问题，但随后也解释了将其封装到自定义小部件中：

from kivy.app import App

from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
from kivy.uix.label import Label
from kivy.uix.textinput import TextInput

import time


class DateInput(TextInput):
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super(DateInput, self).__init__(**kwargs)
        self.text = time.strftime("%x")


class Container(GridLayout):
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        # using super calls the base class's init.  We'll hand it keyword arguments we received, just in case
        super(Container, self).__init__(**kwargs)
        # now we can do stuff here
        self.ids.textinputtime.text = 'from python'


class AddressApp(App):
        def build(self):
            pass

if __name__ == '__main__':
        AddressApp().run()

并以千伏表示：

# anything without the <> symbols is part of the App's kv.  So here's the one thing the App will have in its kv
Container:

# here's the custom widget's kv, just like your previous example
<Container>:
    cols: 2
    Label:
        text: 'Date'
    DateInput:
        id: dateinputdate
    Label:
        text: 'Time'
    TextInput:
        id: textinputtime
    Label:
        text: 'Name'
    TextInput:
        id: textinputname
    Label:
        text: 'Address'
    TextInput:
        id: textinputaddress
    Label:
        text: 'email'
    TextInput:
        id: textinputemail
    Label:
        text: 'Phone'
    TextInput:
        id: textinputphone

希望对您有所帮助！戴夫，祝你好运！

Answer 4

另一个示例，解释了如何通过父网格布局使用当前日期填充文本输入，避免使用 App class 以保持其整洁：

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from kivy.app import App
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivy.clock import Clock
from kivy.uix.gridlayout import GridLayout
import time

gui = '''
#:import time time
DateGrid
    cols: 1

    Label:
        text: 'Customer data'

    TextInput:
        id: date_input

    TextInput:
        id: name_input

    TextInput:
        id: email_input

    Button:
        text: 'refresh date'
        on_press: date_input.text = time.ctime()
'''


class DateGrid(GridLayout):

    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
        super(DateGrid, self).__init__(**kwargs)
        Clock.schedule_once(self.populate_inputs, 0.5)

    def populate_inputs(self, *x):
        _ = self.ids

        _.date_input.text = time.ctime()
        _.name_input.text = 'Foo Snowman'
        _.email_input.text = 'foo.snowman@gravy.com'


class Test(App):

    def build(self):
        return Builder.load_string(gui)


Test().run()

Read/write kivy 小部件属性 python

Read/write kivy widget attributes with python

python

widget

textinput

kivy