(PHP) 将用户搜索与数组匹配

Question

首先，我是开发新手，所以需要一点帮助。

我已经构建了一个简单的搜索字段（带有建议），并将用户发送到数组匹配的相关登陆页面。如果搜索不相关，我 return 会显示一条错误消息。但是，我的代码依赖于用户单击建议或在搜索字段中键入整个单词。因此，可用性较差。

下面的代码将突出显示我的问题。理想情况下，我需要将字段输入 'br' 与 'bristol' 匹配（根据我对用户的建议）。我认为解决方案是 http://php.net/manual/en/function.levenshtein.php 但我在实施时遇到了问题（就像我说的，我是新手）。我将不胜感激任何指导。

非常感谢您的宝贵时间！

<?php

$counties = array("Avon",
"Bristol",
"Bedfordshire",
"Berkshire",
"Buckinghamshire"
);

if (in_array(strtolower($_GET["my_input"]), array_map('strtolower', $counties)))

{ header('Location: http://domain.co.uk/county/'.strtolower(str_replace(' ', '-', $_GET['my_input'])));
}

else

{
header('Location: ' . $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] . "?message=tryagain");
exit;
}

?>

Answer 1

这会让您更接近（如果不是）您的目标：

if(array_key_exists('my_input', $_GET){

   $input = $_GET["my_input"];
   $counties = array("Avon", "Bristol", "Bedfordshire", "Berkshire",  "Buckinghamshire");

   // no shortest distance found, yet
   $shortest = -1;

   // loop through words to find the closest
   foreach ($counties as $country) {

      $lev = levenshtein($input, $country);

      // check for an exact match
      if ($lev == 0) {
          $closest = $country;
          $shortest = 0;
          // break out of the loop; we've found an exact match
          break;
     }

       // if this distance is less than the next found shortest
       // distance, OR if a next shortest word has not yet been found
       if ($lev <= $shortest || $shortest < 0) {
           // set the closest match, and shortest distance
           $closest  = $country;
           $shortest = $lev;
       }
   }

    if($shortest < 5){ //insert your own value here ( accuracy )
        header('Location: http://domain.co.uk/county/'.strtolower($closest));
    }else{    
        // if not match
        header('Location: ' . $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] . "?message=tryagain");
    }

}

Answer 2

可以优化，但一般来说：

foreach(array_map('strtolower', $counties) as $county) {
    if(substr($county, 0, strlen($_GET["my_input"])) == strtolower($_GET["my_input"])) {
        header('Location: http://domain.co.uk/county/'.str_replace(' ', '-', $county));
        exit;
    }
}
header('Location: ' . $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] . "?message=tryagain");
exit;

循环 $counties 并将 $_GET["my_input"] 与 $county
确保在 header 中使用 $county 而不是 $_GET["my_input"]

显然，如果用户输入 Be，那么将选择第一个条目 Bedfordshire。只要您的 "suggestions" 顺序相同，它就可以正常工作。

如果用户输入尾随 space 或其他内容，可能 trim():

if(substr($county, 0, strlen(trim($_GET["my_input"]))) == strtolower(trim($_GET["my_input"]))) {

Answer 3

您可以使用 startsWith function from this answer 并在找到匹配项时遍历您的县并设置一个标志。

<?php

function startsWith($haystack, $needle) {
    // search backwards starting from haystack length characters from the end
    return $needle === "" || strrpos($haystack, $needle, -strlen($haystack)) !== false;
}

$counties = array("Avon",
"Bristol",
"Bedfordshire",
"Berkshire",
"Buckinghamshire"
);

foreach (array_map('strtolower', $counties) as $county){
  if(startsWith($county, strtolower($_GET["my_input"]))){
    header('Location: http://domain.co.uk/county/'.strtolower(str_replace(' ', '-', $_GET['my_input'])));
    $match = true;
    break;
  }
}

if(empty($match))
  header('Location: ' . $_SERVER['HTTP_REFERER'] . "?message=tryagain");

Answer 4

为您的代码实现 levenshtein 类似于：

$counties = array(
    "Avon",
    "Bristol",
    "Bedfordshire",
    "Berkshire",
    "Buckinghamshire"
);

$input = 'Bed';
$shortest = -1;

foreach($counties as $county) {

    $lev = levenshtein($input, $county);
    var_dump($county, $lev);

    if ($lev == 0) {
        $closest = $county;
        break;
    }

    if ($lev <= $shortest || $shortest < 0) {
        $closest  = $county;
        $shortest = $lev;
    }

}

echo $closest;

但我认为这不会完全满足您的需求，因为从技术上讲，使用此算法 Avon 比 Bedfordshire 更接近 Bed。

PHP 中有一个 similar_text 函数，可能会给您带来更好的结果。

$counties = array(
    "Avon",
    "Bristol",
    "Bedfordshire",
    "Berkshire",
    "Buckinghamshire"
);

$input = 'Bed';
$mostSimilar = 0;

foreach($counties as $county) {

    similar_text($input, $county, $similarity);

    if ($similarity == 100) {
        $closest = $county;
        break;
    }

    if ($mostSimilar <= $similarity || $similarity < 0) {
        $closest  = $county;
        $mostSimilar = $similarity;
    }

}

echo $closest;

(PHP) 将用户搜索与数组匹配

(PHP) Matching a user search to an array

php

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levenshtein-distance