如何以编程方式通过 KB 编号获取 Microsoft 知识库文章的标题？

Question

我正在尝试开发一个 C# 程序，该程序将获取可用 Windows 更新的列表并查找知识库文章以检索每个更新的标题。（否则，他们看起来都很神秘"Update for Windows Server (KBxxxxx)"）

我尝试检索每篇知识库文章的 HTML，但 HTML 中没有标题（我猜他们正在使用 angular 构建页面）

这是一个例子：https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/3102429 当我查看源

时，浏览器中显示的文章标题没有出现在HTML中的任何地方

有什么好的方法吗？

Answer 1

如果您可以通过某种方式从 Windows 更新中获取 KB 编号，那么应该可以通过以下 URL:

访问该文章

https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/kb/YOUR_KB_NUMBER

而 id="mt5" 似乎就是标题。

编辑：

我的错，id 确实改变了，<section> 的第一个 child 和 class="section kb-article spacer-84-top" 是标题，但是这可能会改变......（就这样吧:)

Answer 2

正如 canon 在 Aybe 回答的评论中所指定的那样，KB 页面在页面加载后通过脚本加载源代码，因此您无法通过编程方式轻松获取此内容。

但是您可以直接使用 API link https://support.microsoft.com/app/content/api/content/help/en-us/4034733

Answer 3

对于 2017 年 8 月之后发布的修补程序，新的 API link 似乎是 https://support.microsoft.com/app/content/api/content/help/en-us/4034733。

~~对于 2017 年 2 月之后发布的修补程序，新的 API link 似乎是 https://support.microsoft.com/api/content/help/3115489。~~

该页面上的数据是 JSON：

例如，如果您使用 Python 加载 JSON 数据，那么您可以在 "details" 下找到标题和其他有用信息。特别是，

d["details"]["id"] == u'3115489'
d["details"]["title"] == u'February 7, 2017, update for Office 2013 (KB3115489)'
d["details"]["publishedOn"] == u'2017-02-07T17:05:19.000368Z'

仅供参考，从api/content/help加载URLhttps://support.microsoft.com/kb/3115489 in Chrome with Developer Tools running, the network activity shows an XHR传输时：

Answer 4

我发现他们现在将一些预取脚本放入包含一些有用 json 的初始负载中。（实际上：这是b.mcewan在currently accepted answer中提到的json）。

因为我已准备好使用这些内容....这里是一些代码的 link，这些代码将收集您机器上已安装的修补程序并提供一些详细信息，包括 KB 标题。

代码将在 LINQPad 中运行 http://share.linqpad.net/l6tdxc.linq

如果你不使用 LP，这里是例程。 ParseTitle 使用一些自动生成的 classes 来反序列化 json。您将需要删除 .Dump() 扩展方法调用和 Hyperlinq class 引用并以其他方式呈现数据。（编辑： 不仅仅是知识库文章标题由 ArticleInfo class 暴露出来......比如有关修补程序功能的详细信息，如何获取和安装它等等）

void Main()
{
    const string query = "SELECT HotFixID, InstalledOn, InstalledBy, Description, Caption, * FROM Win32_QuickFixEngineering";
    var result =
        (from ManagementObject quickfix in new ManagementObjectSearcher(query).Get() //.AsParallel()
         orderby Convert.ToDateTime(quickfix["InstalledOn"]) descending
         let web = new WebClient()
         let input = quickfix["Caption"].ToString()
         let id = input.Substring(35, input.Length - 35)
         let url = $"{input.Replace("microsoft.com/?kbid=", "microsoft.com/en-us/help/")}/kb{id}"

         let html = web.DownloadString(url)
         where string.IsNullOrEmpty( html ).Equals(false)
         let kbInfo = ParseInfo( url, html )
         where kbInfo != null
         let pub = kbInfo.Details.PublishedOn
         let title = kbInfo.Details.Title
         let desc = Util.OnDemand( "More....", () =>
                                    Util.RawHtml(string.Join(Environment.NewLine, 
                                                    kbInfo.Details.Body
                                                    .Select(i => $"<span class=typeglyphx>{i.Title}</span>{i.Content.Single()}")))
                                )
         select
             new
             {
                 HotFixID = Util.RawHtml($"<span class=typeglyphx>{quickfix["HotFixID"].ToString()}</span>"),
                 Published = pub.Date,
                 InstalledOn = quickfix["InstalledOn"].ToString(),
                 InstallDelay = $"{Convert.ToInt16((Convert.ToDateTime(quickfix["InstalledOn"].ToString()).Date - pub.Date).TotalDays)} days",
                 InstalledBy = quickfix["InstalledBy"].ToString(),
                 Description = new Hyperlinq(quickfix["Description"].ToString()),
                 Title = Util.RawHtml($"<span class=typeglyphx>{title}</span>") ?? $"{url} [Could not obtain KB title]",
                 Body = desc,
                 Link = new Hyperlinq(url), 
             }
        ).Dump(1);

}

#nullable enable
string? ParseTitle ( string html )
{
    var doc = new HtmlDocument();
    doc.LoadHtml(html);

    var meta = doc.DocumentNode
        .SelectNodes("//script");
    var searchToken = "microsoft.support.prefetchedArticle = (function() ";
    var nuggets = meta
                    .Where(i => i.OuterHtml.Contains(searchToken))
                    .Select(i => i.OuterHtml)
                    .Single();
    var start = nuggets.IndexOf(":") + 1;
    var length = nuggets.Length - start - 28;
    var json = nuggets.Substring(start, length);
    string? ret = null;
    try
    {
        var articleInfo = MSKBPreFetched.ArticleInfo.FromJson(json);
        ret = articleInfo.Details.Title;
    }
    catch{ json.DumpTrace("could not deserialize the json for this article"); // LP only}
    return ret;
}
#nullable disable

// <auto-generated />
// json2csharp  
// To parse this JSON data, add NuGet 'Newtonsoft.Json' then do:
//
//    using MSKBPreFetched;
//
//    var articleInfo = ArticleInfo.FromJson(jsonString);

namespace MSKBPreFetched
{
    using System;
    using System.Collections.Generic;

    using System.Globalization;
    using Newtonsoft.Json;
    using Newtonsoft.Json.Converters;

    public partial class ArticleInfo
    {
        [JsonProperty("sideNav")]
        //[JsonConverter(typeof(ParseStringConverter))]
        public string SideNav { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("details")]
        public Details Details { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("_ts")]
        public long Ts { get; set; }
    }

    public partial class Details
    {
        [JsonProperty("subType")]
        public string SubType { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("heading")]
        public string Heading { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("description")]
        public string Description { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("body")]
        public List<Body> Body { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("urltitle")]
        public string Urltitle { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("keywords")]
        public List<string> Keywords { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("keywordsLower")]
        public List<string> KeywordsLower { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("os")]
        public List<object> Os { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("type")]
        public string Type { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("id")]
        [JsonConverter(typeof(ParseStringConverter))]
        public long Id { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("locale")]
        public string Locale { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("title")]
        public string Title { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("titleLower")]
        public string TitleLower { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("published")]
        public bool Published { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("createdOn")]
        public DateTimeOffset CreatedOn { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("publishedOn")]
        public DateTimeOffset PublishedOn { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("version")]
        public long Version { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("eolProject")]
        public string EolProject { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("supportAreaPaths")]
        public List<Guid> SupportAreaPaths { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("supportAreaPathNodes")]
        public List<PrimarySupportAreaPath> SupportAreaPathNodes { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("disableVAPopup")]
        public bool DisableVaPopup { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("primarySupportAreaPath")]
        public List<PrimarySupportAreaPath> PrimarySupportAreaPath { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("isContentLocaleFallback")]
        public bool IsContentLocaleFallback { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("contentLocale")]
        public string ContentLocale { get; set; }
    }

    public partial class Body
    {
        [JsonProperty("meta")]
        public Meta Meta { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("title")]
        public string Title { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("content")]
        public List<string> Content { get; set; }
    }

    public partial class Meta
    {
        [JsonProperty("type")]
        public string Type { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("products")]
        public List<object> Products { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("supportAreaPaths")]
        public List<object> SupportAreaPaths { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("isInternalContent")]
        public bool IsInternalContent { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("id")]
        public string Id { get; set; }
    }

    public partial class PrimarySupportAreaPath
    {
        [JsonProperty("id")]
        public Guid Id { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("parent", NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore)]
        public Guid? Parent { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("name")]
        public string Name { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("type")]
        public string Type { get; set; }

        [JsonProperty("tree")]
        public List<object> Tree { get; set; }
    }

    public partial class ArticleInfo
    {
        public static ArticleInfo FromJson(string json) => JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ArticleInfo>(json, MSKBPreFetched.Converter.Settings);
    }

    public static class Serialize
    {
        public static string ToJson(this ArticleInfo self) => JsonConvert.SerializeObject(self, MSKBPreFetched.Converter.Settings);
    }

    internal static class Converter
    {
        public static readonly JsonSerializerSettings Settings = new JsonSerializerSettings
        {
            MetadataPropertyHandling = MetadataPropertyHandling.Ignore,
            DateParseHandling = DateParseHandling.None,
            Converters =
            {
                new IsoDateTimeConverter { DateTimeStyles = DateTimeStyles.AssumeUniversal }
            },
        };
    }

    internal class ParseStringConverter : JsonConverter
    {
        public override bool CanConvert(Type t) => t == typeof(long) || t == typeof(long?);

        public override object ReadJson(JsonReader reader, Type t, object existingValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
        {
            if (reader.TokenType == JsonToken.Null) return null;
            var value = serializer.Deserialize<string>(reader);
            long l;
            if (Int64.TryParse(value, out l))
            {
                return l;
            }
            throw new Exception("Cannot unmarshal type long");
        }

        public override void WriteJson(JsonWriter writer, object untypedValue, JsonSerializer serializer)
        {
            if (untypedValue == null)
            {
                serializer.Serialize(writer, null);
                return;
            }
            var value = (long)untypedValue;
            serializer.Serialize(writer, value.ToString());
            return;
        }

        public static readonly ParseStringConverter Singleton = new ParseStringConverter();
    }
}

如何以编程方式通过 KB 编号获取 Microsoft 知识库文章的标题？

How can I programmatically get the title of Microsoft knowledge base article by KB number?

c#

windows-update