jq：将嵌套对象添加到 JSON

Question

我有一个包含多个配置文件的 json 文件：

{
  "profile1": {
    "user": "user1",
    "channel": "channel1",
    "hook": "hook1"
  },
  "default": {
    "user": "user1",
    "channel": "channel1",
    "hook": "hook2"
  }
}

我想用jq再插入一个配置文件，"test"，这样最后的结果就是

{
  "profile1": {
    "user": "user1",
    "channel": "channel1",
    "hook": "hook1"
  },
  "default": {
    "user": "user1",
    "channel": "channel1",
    "hook": "hook2"
  },
  "test": {
    "user": "user3",
    "channel": "channel3",
    "hook": "hook3"
  }
}

我可以直接在命令行中使用：

cat filename | 
    jq  '.+  { "test": { "user": "u3", "channel" : "c3", "hook": "w3" } }'

但是当我在 bash 脚本中尝试时：

cat "$CONF_FILE" | 
    jq --arg p "$PROFILE" --arg u "$U" --arg c "$C" --arg w "$WH" \
    '.+ { $p: { "user": $u, "channel": $c, "hook": $w } }' `

我收到以下错误：

jq: error: syntax error, unexpected ':', expecting '}' (Unix shell quoting issues?) at <top-level>, line 1:
.+ { $p: { "user": $u, "channel": $c, "hook": $w } }
jq: error: syntax error, unexpected '}', expecting $end (Unix shell quoting issues?) at <top-level>, line 1:
.+ { $p: { "user": $u, "channel": $c, "hook": $w } }
jq: 2 compile errors

我试过用引号将变量括起来，但我得到的只是字符串 $p:

cat "$CONF_FILE" | 
    jq --arg p "$PROFILE" --arg u "$U" --arg c "$C" --arg w "$WH" \
    '.+ { "$p": { "user": $u, "channel": $c, "hook": $w } }'

结果：

{
  "profile1": {
    "user": "user1",
    "channel": "channel1",
    "hook": "hook1"
  },
  "default": {
    "user": "user1",
    "channel": "channel1",
    "hook": "hook2"
  },
  "$p": {
    "user": "user3",
    "channel": "channel3",
    "hook": "hook3"
  }
}

编辑： 我找到了一个临时解决方案，将对象转换为数组，编辑值（现在配置文件名称是值而不是键）和将数组转换回对象：

cat "$CONF_FILE" | 
    jq --arg p "$PROFILE" --arg u "$U" --arg c "$C" --arg w "$WH" \
    'to_entries | .+ [ { "key": $p, "value": { "user": $u, "channel": $c, "hook": $w } } ] | from_entries'

这看起来很粗糙，但它确实有效。我仍然希望有更好的解决方案...

Answer 1

在动态键周围使用括号：

jq --arg p "$PROFILE" --arg u "$U" --arg c "$C" --arg w "$WH" \
'. + {($p): {"user": $u, "channel": $c, "hook": $w}}' "$CONF_FILE"

Answer 2

这是一个脚本，演示了使用 env 访问通过环境传递的变量的解决方案：

#!/bin/bash

CONF_FILE=data.json

export P=test
export U=user3
export C=channel3
export W=hook3

jq '
    .[env.P] = {
       user:    env.U, 
       channel: env.C, 
       hook:    env.W
    }
' "$CONF_FILE"

如果 data.json 包含示例数据，此脚本应生成输出

{
  "profile1": {
    "user": "user1",
    "channel": "channel1",
    "hook": "hook1"
  },
  "default": {
    "user": "user1",
    "channel": "channel1",
    "hook": "hook2"
  },
  "test": {
    "user": "user3",
    "channel": "channel3",
    "hook": "hook3"
  }
}

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