通用句柄 class

Question

我偶然发现了这个问题：Using unique_ptr to control a file descriptor。 std::unique_ptr 不太适合一般句柄。所以是更一般的class

template<class HandleType,HandleType nullvalue,class Deleter>
class Handle;

已经实施（可能在推进中），或者我应该自己推出。这个问题之前在 What wrapper class in C++ should I use for automated resource management?，但现在我们有了 C++14，所以可以有更多选择。

我还发现了以下提议：http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2013/n3677.html。所以别人也想过这个问题

Answer 1

C++ 标准中还没有这样的 class，所以我决定 write my own:

template<typename Policy>
class unique_handle
{
    typename Policy::handle_type h;

public:
    unique_handle(const unique_handle&) = delete;

    typename Policy::handle_type get() const
    {
        return h;
    }

    typename Policy::handle_type release()
    {
        typename Policy::handle_type temp = h;
        h = Policy::get_null();
        return temp;
    }

    explicit operator bool() const
    {
        return !Policy::is_null(h);
    }

    bool operator!() const
    {
        return !static_cast<bool>(*this);
    }

    void reset(typename Policy::handle_type new_handle)
    {
        typename Policy::handle_type old_handle = h;
        h = new_handle;
        if(!Policy::is_null(old_handle))
        {
            Policy::close(old_handle);
        }
    }

    void swap(unique_handle& other)
    {
        std::swap(this->h, other.h);
    }

    void reset()
    {
        reset(Policy::get_null());
    }

    ~unique_handle()
    {
        reset();
    }

    unique_handle& operator=(unique_handle other) noexcept
    {
        this->swap(other);
        return *this;
    }

    unique_handle(unique_handle&& other) noexcept
    {
        this->h = other.h;
        other.h = Policy::get_null();
    }

    unique_handle()
    {
        h = Policy::get_null();
    }

    unique_handle(typename Policy::handle_type handle)
    {
        h = handle;
    }
};

用法示例：

#include <wiertlo/unique_handle.hpp>
#include <iostream>
#include <cassert>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

struct file_descriptor_policy
{
    typedef int handle_type;
    static void close(handle_type handle)
    {
        ::close(handle);
    }

    static handle_type get_null()
    {
        return -1;
    }

    static bool is_null(handle_type handle)
    {
        return handle == -1;
    }
};

int main()
{
    typedef wiertlo::unique_handle<file_descriptor_policy> file_descriptor;
    file_descriptor null_fd; // null file descriptor
    assert(!null_fd);
    file_descriptor fd(open("/dev/null", O_WRONLY));
    assert(fd);
    write(fd.get(), "test", 4);
    file_descriptor other = std::move(fd);
    assert(!fd);
    assert(other);
}

通用句柄 class

Generic handle class

c++

raii

resource-management