需要帮助解析 Cisco 输出

Need help parsing Cisco output

我在尝试解析路由器的 mrib table 时遇到了一些问题。我已经能够解析其中的一些但有问题。例如我有以下输出:

(192.168.1.1,232.0.6.8) RPF nbr: 55.44.23.1 Flags: RPF
  Up: 4w1d
  Incoming Interface List
    TenGigE0/0/0/1 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d
  Outgoing Interface List
    TenGigE0/0/0/10 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d

(192.168.55.3,232.0.10.69) RPF nbr: 66.76.44.130 Flags: RPF
  Up: 4w1d
  Incoming Interface List
    TenGigE0/0/0/0 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d
    TenGigE0/1/0/0 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d
    TenGigE0/2/0/0 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d
  Outgoing Interface List
    TenGigE0/0/0/10 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d
    TenGigE0/3/0/0 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d
    TenGigE0/4/0/0 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d

我正在尝试用上面的输出构建一个数据结构。为了清楚起见,我希望它看起来像这样:

{'192.168.1.1,232.0.6.8': {'incoming': ['TenGigE0/0/0/1'],
                           'outgoing': ['TenGigE0/0/0/10']}}

以上听起来很简单。我遇到的主要问题之一是第二个街区。我正在尝试找出一种在传入和传出接口之后循环访问接口的方法。

不一定要求提供代码,但执行此类操作的最佳方法是什么?

假设您的输入完整且格式正确:

matcher = re.compile(
    r'\((?P<range>[^\)]+)\)|'
    r'(?P<incoming>\s+Incoming Interface List)|'
    r'(?P<outgoing>\s+Outgoing Interface List)|'
    r'\s+(?P<interface>TenGigE0[^\s]+)'
)

with open('router_table.txt', 'r') as f:
    routing_table = []
    current_range = ''
    direction = ''
    for line in f:
        match = matcher.search(line)
        if match:
            if match.group('interface'):
                routing_table[-1][current_range][direction].append(match.group('interface'))
            if match.group('range'):
                current_range = match.group('range')
                routing_table.append(
                    {
                        current_range: {
                            'incoming': [],
                            'outgoing': []
                        }
                    }
                )
            if match.group('incoming'):
                direction = 'incoming'
            if match.group('outgoing'):
                direction = 'outgoing'

好吧,如果您能够在 Python 中使用较新的 regex module,您可以定义子模式并使用以下方法:

  1. 在开头定义 IP 地址的子模式
  2. ...以及传入和传出接口
  3. 分别解析接口
  4. 参见 a demo on regex101.com


定义子模式

IncomingOutgoing Interface 字符串、IP adress 和结尾定义子模式。

(?(DEFINE)
    (?<ips>[^()]+)
    (?<incoming>Incoming\ Interface \ List)
    (?<outgoing>Outgoing\ Interface \ List)
    (?<end>^$|\Z)
)

将正则表达式放在一起

将 IP 部分锚定到行首,并使用 tempered greedy 令牌和 negative lookaheads 用于 incoming/outgoing部分。

    ^\((?P<ip>(?&ips))\)
    (?:(?!(?&incoming))[\s\S]+?)
    (?&incoming)[\r\n]
    (?P<in>(?!(?&outgoing))[\s\S]+?) # tempered greedy token
    (?&outgoing)[\r\n]
    (?P<out>(?!^$)[\s\S]+?)
    (?&end)

解析 incoming/outgoing 部分

因为你只需要接口types/names,你可以简单地想出:

TenGig\S+ # TenGig, followed by anything NOT a whitespace

提示

你真的不需要定义子模式,但你需要自己重复很多次(因为 neg.lookaheads)。所以如果你需要坚持使用原来的 re 模块,你也可以很好地使用它。

粘在一起

所有代码都粘在一起,这将是:

import regex as re

string = """
(192.168.1.1,232.0.6.8) RPF nbr: 55.44.23.1 Flags: RPF
  Up: 4w1d
  Incoming Interface List
    TenGigE0/0/0/1 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d
  Outgoing Interface List
    TenGigE0/0/0/10 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d

(192.168.55.3,232.0.10.69) RPF nbr: 66.76.44.130 Flags: RPF
  Up: 4w1d
  Incoming Interface List
    TenGigE0/0/0/0 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d
    TenGigE0/1/0/0 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d
    TenGigE0/2/0/0 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d
  Outgoing Interface List
    TenGigE0/0/0/10 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d
    TenGigE0/3/0/0 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d
    TenGigE0/4/0/0 Flags: A, Up: 4w1d
"""

rx = re.compile(r"""
            (?(DEFINE)
                (?<ips>[^()]+)
                (?<incoming>Incoming\ Interface \ List)
                (?<outgoing>Outgoing\ Interface \ List)
                (?<end>^$|\Z)
            )
            ^\((?P<ip>(?&ips))\)
            (?:(?!(?&incoming))[\s\S]+?)
            (?&incoming)[\r\n]
            (?P<in>(?!(?&outgoing))[\s\S]+?)
            (?&outgoing)[\r\n]
            (?P<out>(?!^$)[\s\S]+?)
            (?&end)
""", re.MULTILINE|re.VERBOSE)

rxiface = re.compile(r'TenGig\S+')

result = dict()
for match in rx.finditer(string):
    key = match.group('ip')
    incoming = rxiface.findall(match.group('in'))
    outgoing = rxiface.findall(match.group('out'))

    result[key] = {'incoming': incoming, 'outgoing': outgoing}

print result
# {'192.168.1.1,232.0.6.8': {'outgoing': ['TenGigE0/0/0/10'], 'incoming': ['TenGigE0/0/0/1']}, '192.168.55.3,232.0.10.69': {'outgoing': ['TenGigE0/0/0/10', 'TenGigE0/3/0/0', 'TenGigE0/4/0/0'], 'incoming': ['TenGigE0/0/0/0', 'TenGigE0/1/0/0', 'TenGigE0/2/0/0']}}