从 Twitter 抓取用户位置
Scrape User Location from Twitter
我正在尝试从 Twitter 中获取用户名的经度和纬度。用户名列表是一个 csv 文件，在一个输入文件中包含 50 多个名称。以下是我到目前为止所做的两个试验。他们似乎都没有工作。欢迎对任何一个程序或全新方法进行更正。
我有 User_names 的列表，我正在尝试查找用户个人资料并从个人资料或时间线中提取 geolocation。我在互联网上的任何地方都找不到太多样本。
我正在寻找一种更好的方法来从 Twitter 获取用户的地理位置。我什至找不到一个显示参考 User_name 或 user_id 获取用户位置的示例。甚至有可能排在首位吗？
输入：输入文件超过50k行
AfsarTamannaah,6.80E+17,12/24/2015,#chennaifloods
DEEPU_S_GIRI,6.80E+17,12/24/2015,#chennaifloods
DEEPU_S_GIRI,6.80E+17,12/24/2015,#weneverletyoudownstr
ndtv,6.80E+17,12/24/2015,#chennaifloods
1andonlyharsha,6.79E+17,12/21/2015,#chennaifloods
Shashkya,6.79E+17,12/21/2015,#moneyonmobile
Shashkya,6.79E+17,12/21/2015,#chennaifloods
timesofindia,6.79E+17,12/20/2015,#chennaifloods
ANI_news,6.78E+17,12/20/2015,#chennaifloods
DrAnbumaniPMK,6.78E+17,12/19/2015,#chennaifloods
timesofindia,6.78E+17,12/18/2015,#chennaifloods
SRKCHENNAIFC,6.78E+17,12/18/2015,#dilwalefdfs
SRKCHENNAIFC,6.78E+17,12/18/2015,#chennaifloods
AmeriCares,6.77E+17,12/16/2015,#india
AmeriCares,6.77E+17,12/16/2015,#chennaifloods
ChennaiRainsH,6.77E+17,12/15/2015,#chennairainshelp
ChennaiRainsH,6.77E+17,12/15/2015,#chennaifloods
AkkiPritam,6.77E+17,12/15/2015,#chennaifloods
代码：
import tweepy
from tweepy import Stream
from tweepy.streaming import StreamListener
from tweepy import OAuthHandler
import pandas as pd
import json
import csv
import sys
import time
CONSUMER_KEY = 'XYZ'
CONSUMER_SECRET = 'XYZ'
ACCESS_KEY = 'XYZ'
ACCESS_SECRET = 'XYZ'
auth = OAuthHandler(CONSUMER_KEY,CONSUMER_SECRET)
api = tweepy.API(auth)
auth.set_access_token(ACCESS_KEY, ACCESS_SECRET)
data = pd.read_csv('user_keyword.csv')
df = ['user_name', 'user_id', 'date', 'keyword']
test = api.lookup_users(user_ids=['user_name'])
for user in test:
print user.user_name
print user.user_id
print user.date
print user.keyword
print user.geolocation
错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "user_profile_location.py", line 24, in <module>
test = api.lookup_users(user_ids=['user_name'])
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tweepy/api.py", line 150, in lookup_users
return self._lookup_users(list_to_csv(user_ids), list_to_csv(screen_names))
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tweepy/binder.py", line 197, in _call
return method.execute()
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tweepy/binder.py", line 173, in execute
raise TweepError(error_msg, resp)
tweepy.error.TweepError: [{'message': 'No user matches for specified terms.', 'code': 17}]
我知道每个用户都不会共享地理位置，但是如果我能获得地理位置，那些公开个人资料的人应该很棒。
用户位置如名称and/or经纬度是我要找的。
如果这种方法不正确，那么我也愿意接受其他方法。
更新一：经过深入搜索后，我发现这个 website 提供了一个非常接近的解决方案，但是我在尝试从输入文件中读取 userName 时遇到错误。
这表示只能抓取 100 个用户的信息，解除该限制的更好方法是什么？
代码：
import sys
import string
import simplejson
from twython import Twython
import csv
import pandas as pd
#WE WILL USE THE VARIABLES DAY, MONTH, AND YEAR FOR OUR OUTPUT FILE NAME
import datetime
now = datetime.datetime.now()
day=int(now.day)
month=int(now.month)
year=int(now.year)
#FOR OAUTH AUTHENTICATION -- NEEDED TO ACCESS THE TWITTER API
t = Twython(app_key='ABC',
app_secret='ABC',
oauth_token='ABC',
oauth_token_secret='ABC')
#INPUT HAS NO HEADER NO INDEX
ids = pd.read_csv('user_keyword.csv', header=['userName', 'userID', 'Date', 'Keyword'], usecols=['userName'])
#ACCESS THE LOOKUP_USER METHOD OF THE TWITTER API -- GRAB INFO ON UP TO 100 IDS WITH EACH API CALL
users = t.lookup_user(user_id = ids)
#NAME OUR OUTPUT FILE - %i WILL BE REPLACED BY CURRENT MONTH, DAY, AND YEAR
outfn = "twitter_user_data_%i.%i.%i.csv" % (now.month, now.day, now.year)
#NAMES FOR HEADER ROW IN OUTPUT FILE
fields = "id, screen_name, name, created_at, url, followers_count, friends_count, statuses_count, \
favourites_count, listed_count, \
contributors_enabled, description, protected, location, lang, expanded_url".split()
#INITIALIZE OUTPUT FILE AND WRITE HEADER ROW
outfp = open(outfn, "w")
outfp.write(string.join(fields, "\t") + "\n") # header
#THE VARIABLE 'USERS' CONTAINS INFORMATION OF THE 32 TWITTER USER IDS LISTED ABOVE
#THIS BLOCK WILL LOOP OVER EACH OF THESE IDS, CREATE VARIABLES, AND OUTPUT TO FILE
for entry in users:
#CREATE EMPTY DICTIONARY
r = {}
for f in fields:
r[f] = ""
#ASSIGN VALUE OF 'ID' FIELD IN JSON TO 'ID' FIELD IN OUR DICTIONARY
r['id'] = entry['id']
#SAME WITH 'SCREEN_NAME' HERE, AND FOR REST OF THE VARIABLES
r['screen_name'] = entry['screen_name']
r['name'] = entry['name']
r['created_at'] = entry['created_at']
r['url'] = entry['url']
r['followers_count'] = entry['followers_count']
r['friends_count'] = entry['friends_count']
r['statuses_count'] = entry['statuses_count']
r['favourites_count'] = entry['favourites_count']
r['listed_count'] = entry['listed_count']
r['contributors_enabled'] = entry['contributors_enabled']
r['description'] = entry['description']
r['protected'] = entry['protected']
r['location'] = entry['location']
r['lang'] = entry['lang']
#NOT EVERY ID WILL HAVE A 'URL' KEY, SO CHECK FOR ITS EXISTENCE WITH IF CLAUSE
if 'url' in entry['entities']:
r['expanded_url'] = entry['entities']['url']['urls'][0]['expanded_url']
else:
r['expanded_url'] = ''
print r
#CREATE EMPTY LIST
lst = []
#ADD DATA FOR EACH VARIABLE
for f in fields:
lst.append(unicode(r[f]).replace("\/", "/"))
#WRITE ROW WITH DATA IN LIST
outfp.write(string.join(lst, "\t").encode("utf-8") + "\n")
outfp.close()
错误：
File "user_profile_location.py", line 35, in <module>
ids = pd.read_csv('user_keyword.csv', header=['userName', 'userID', 'Date', 'Keyword'], usecols=['userName'])
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py", line 562, in parser_f
return _read(filepath_or_buffer, kwds)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py", line 315, in _read
parser = TextFileReader(filepath_or_buffer, **kwds)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py", line 645, in __init__
self._make_engine(self.engine)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py", line 799, in _make_engine
self._engine = CParserWrapper(self.f, **self.options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py", line 1202, in __init__
ParserBase.__init__(self, kwds)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py", line 918, in __init__
raise ValueError("cannot specify usecols when "
ValueError: cannot specify usecols when specifying a multi-index header
假设您只想获取 his/her 个人资料页面中的用户位置，您可以使用 Tweepy 中的 API.get_user。下面是工作代码。
#!/usr/bin/env python
from __future__ import print_function
#Import the necessary methods from tweepy library
import tweepy
from tweepy import OAuthHandler
#user credentials to access Twitter API
access_token = "your access token here"
access_token_secret = "your access token secret key here"
consumer_key = "your consumer key here"
consumer_secret = "your consumer secret key here"
def get_user_details(username):
userobj = api.get_user(username)
return userobj
if __name__ == '__main__':
#authenticating the app (https://apps.twitter.com/)
auth = tweepy.auth.OAuthHandler(consumer_key, consumer_secret)
auth.set_access_token(access_token, access_token_secret)
api = tweepy.API(auth)
#for list of usernames, put them in iterable and call the function
username = 'thinkgeek'
userOBJ = get_user_details(username)
print(userOBJ.location)
注意：这是一个粗略的实现。编写适当的 sleeper 函数以遵守 Twitter API 访问限制。
我正在尝试从 Twitter 中获取用户名的经度和纬度。用户名列表是一个 csv 文件，在一个输入文件中包含 50 多个名称。以下是我到目前为止所做的两个试验。他们似乎都没有工作。欢迎对任何一个程序或全新方法进行更正。
我有 User_names 的列表，我正在尝试查找用户个人资料并从个人资料或时间线中提取 geolocation。我在互联网上的任何地方都找不到太多样本。
我正在寻找一种更好的方法来从 Twitter 获取用户的地理位置。我什至找不到一个显示参考 User_name 或 user_id 获取用户位置的示例。甚至有可能排在首位吗？
输入：输入文件超过50k行
AfsarTamannaah,6.80E+17,12/24/2015,#chennaifloods
DEEPU_S_GIRI,6.80E+17,12/24/2015,#chennaifloods
DEEPU_S_GIRI,6.80E+17,12/24/2015,#weneverletyoudownstr
ndtv,6.80E+17,12/24/2015,#chennaifloods
1andonlyharsha,6.79E+17,12/21/2015,#chennaifloods
Shashkya,6.79E+17,12/21/2015,#moneyonmobile
Shashkya,6.79E+17,12/21/2015,#chennaifloods
timesofindia,6.79E+17,12/20/2015,#chennaifloods
ANI_news,6.78E+17,12/20/2015,#chennaifloods
DrAnbumaniPMK,6.78E+17,12/19/2015,#chennaifloods
timesofindia,6.78E+17,12/18/2015,#chennaifloods
SRKCHENNAIFC,6.78E+17,12/18/2015,#dilwalefdfs
SRKCHENNAIFC,6.78E+17,12/18/2015,#chennaifloods
AmeriCares,6.77E+17,12/16/2015,#india
AmeriCares,6.77E+17,12/16/2015,#chennaifloods
ChennaiRainsH,6.77E+17,12/15/2015,#chennairainshelp
ChennaiRainsH,6.77E+17,12/15/2015,#chennaifloods
AkkiPritam,6.77E+17,12/15/2015,#chennaifloods
代码：
import tweepy
from tweepy import Stream
from tweepy.streaming import StreamListener
from tweepy import OAuthHandler
import pandas as pd
import json
import csv
import sys
import time
CONSUMER_KEY = 'XYZ'
CONSUMER_SECRET = 'XYZ'
ACCESS_KEY = 'XYZ'
ACCESS_SECRET = 'XYZ'
auth = OAuthHandler(CONSUMER_KEY,CONSUMER_SECRET)
api = tweepy.API(auth)
auth.set_access_token(ACCESS_KEY, ACCESS_SECRET)
data = pd.read_csv('user_keyword.csv')
df = ['user_name', 'user_id', 'date', 'keyword']
test = api.lookup_users(user_ids=['user_name'])
for user in test:
print user.user_name
print user.user_id
print user.date
print user.keyword
print user.geolocation
错误：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "user_profile_location.py", line 24, in <module>
test = api.lookup_users(user_ids=['user_name'])
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tweepy/api.py", line 150, in lookup_users
return self._lookup_users(list_to_csv(user_ids), list_to_csv(screen_names))
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tweepy/binder.py", line 197, in _call
return method.execute()
File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/tweepy/binder.py", line 173, in execute
raise TweepError(error_msg, resp)
tweepy.error.TweepError: [{'message': 'No user matches for specified terms.', 'code': 17}]
我知道每个用户都不会共享地理位置，但是如果我能获得地理位置，那些公开个人资料的人应该很棒。
用户位置如名称and/or经纬度是我要找的。
如果这种方法不正确，那么我也愿意接受其他方法。
更新一：经过深入搜索后，我发现这个 website 提供了一个非常接近的解决方案，但是我在尝试从输入文件中读取 userName 时遇到错误。
这表示只能抓取 100 个用户的信息，解除该限制的更好方法是什么？
代码：
import sys
import string
import simplejson
from twython import Twython
import csv
import pandas as pd
#WE WILL USE THE VARIABLES DAY, MONTH, AND YEAR FOR OUR OUTPUT FILE NAME
import datetime
now = datetime.datetime.now()
day=int(now.day)
month=int(now.month)
year=int(now.year)
#FOR OAUTH AUTHENTICATION -- NEEDED TO ACCESS THE TWITTER API
t = Twython(app_key='ABC',
app_secret='ABC',
oauth_token='ABC',
oauth_token_secret='ABC')
#INPUT HAS NO HEADER NO INDEX
ids = pd.read_csv('user_keyword.csv', header=['userName', 'userID', 'Date', 'Keyword'], usecols=['userName'])
#ACCESS THE LOOKUP_USER METHOD OF THE TWITTER API -- GRAB INFO ON UP TO 100 IDS WITH EACH API CALL
users = t.lookup_user(user_id = ids)
#NAME OUR OUTPUT FILE - %i WILL BE REPLACED BY CURRENT MONTH, DAY, AND YEAR
outfn = "twitter_user_data_%i.%i.%i.csv" % (now.month, now.day, now.year)
#NAMES FOR HEADER ROW IN OUTPUT FILE
fields = "id, screen_name, name, created_at, url, followers_count, friends_count, statuses_count, \
favourites_count, listed_count, \
contributors_enabled, description, protected, location, lang, expanded_url".split()
#INITIALIZE OUTPUT FILE AND WRITE HEADER ROW
outfp = open(outfn, "w")
outfp.write(string.join(fields, "\t") + "\n") # header
#THE VARIABLE 'USERS' CONTAINS INFORMATION OF THE 32 TWITTER USER IDS LISTED ABOVE
#THIS BLOCK WILL LOOP OVER EACH OF THESE IDS, CREATE VARIABLES, AND OUTPUT TO FILE
for entry in users:
#CREATE EMPTY DICTIONARY
r = {}
for f in fields:
r[f] = ""
#ASSIGN VALUE OF 'ID' FIELD IN JSON TO 'ID' FIELD IN OUR DICTIONARY
r['id'] = entry['id']
#SAME WITH 'SCREEN_NAME' HERE, AND FOR REST OF THE VARIABLES
r['screen_name'] = entry['screen_name']
r['name'] = entry['name']
r['created_at'] = entry['created_at']
r['url'] = entry['url']
r['followers_count'] = entry['followers_count']
r['friends_count'] = entry['friends_count']
r['statuses_count'] = entry['statuses_count']
r['favourites_count'] = entry['favourites_count']
r['listed_count'] = entry['listed_count']
r['contributors_enabled'] = entry['contributors_enabled']
r['description'] = entry['description']
r['protected'] = entry['protected']
r['location'] = entry['location']
r['lang'] = entry['lang']
#NOT EVERY ID WILL HAVE A 'URL' KEY, SO CHECK FOR ITS EXISTENCE WITH IF CLAUSE
if 'url' in entry['entities']:
r['expanded_url'] = entry['entities']['url']['urls'][0]['expanded_url']
else:
r['expanded_url'] = ''
print r
#CREATE EMPTY LIST
lst = []
#ADD DATA FOR EACH VARIABLE
for f in fields:
lst.append(unicode(r[f]).replace("\/", "/"))
#WRITE ROW WITH DATA IN LIST
outfp.write(string.join(lst, "\t").encode("utf-8") + "\n")
outfp.close()
错误：
File "user_profile_location.py", line 35, in <module>
ids = pd.read_csv('user_keyword.csv', header=['userName', 'userID', 'Date', 'Keyword'], usecols=['userName'])
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py", line 562, in parser_f
return _read(filepath_or_buffer, kwds)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py", line 315, in _read
parser = TextFileReader(filepath_or_buffer, **kwds)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py", line 645, in __init__
self._make_engine(self.engine)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py", line 799, in _make_engine
self._engine = CParserWrapper(self.f, **self.options)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py", line 1202, in __init__
ParserBase.__init__(self, kwds)
File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pandas/io/parsers.py", line 918, in __init__
raise ValueError("cannot specify usecols when "
ValueError: cannot specify usecols when specifying a multi-index header
假设您只想获取 his/her 个人资料页面中的用户位置，您可以使用 Tweepy 中的 API.get_user。下面是工作代码。
#!/usr/bin/env python
from __future__ import print_function
#Import the necessary methods from tweepy library
import tweepy
from tweepy import OAuthHandler
#user credentials to access Twitter API
access_token = "your access token here"
access_token_secret = "your access token secret key here"
consumer_key = "your consumer key here"
consumer_secret = "your consumer secret key here"
def get_user_details(username):
userobj = api.get_user(username)
return userobj
if __name__ == '__main__':
#authenticating the app (https://apps.twitter.com/)
auth = tweepy.auth.OAuthHandler(consumer_key, consumer_secret)
auth.set_access_token(access_token, access_token_secret)
api = tweepy.API(auth)
#for list of usernames, put them in iterable and call the function
username = 'thinkgeek'
userOBJ = get_user_details(username)
print(userOBJ.location)
注意：这是一个粗略的实现。编写适当的 sleeper 函数以遵守 Twitter API 访问限制。