从 AppleScript 访问 Cocoa AppDelegate (NSApplicationDelegate) 中的 属性
Accessing property in Cocoa AppDelegate (NSApplicationDelegate) from AppleScript
我有一个用 Xcode 编写的非常基本的 Cocoa 应用程序，我正在尝试使用简单的 AppleScript 脚本访问我的应用程序委托的 属性：
tell application "HelloWorld"
set appDelegateProperty to property1
end tell
Cocoa Scripting Guide 中的信息似乎非常简单明了。虽然看起来我编写的代码符合键值编码 (KVC) 标准，但我看到的错误表明情况并非如此。
我在 AppDelegate class 中添加了一个名为 NSString 类型 NSString 的合成 属性，并将其设置为 @"test"在 applicationDidFinishLaunching() 方法中。我在脚本定义 (SDEF) 文件中添加了条目，以允许从 AppleScript 访问 属性。
这里是相关代码（您可以在 this web page 上下载 Xcode 项目的压缩副本或浏览源代码）：
Info.plist
我添加了这些键以在应用程序中启用 AppleScript 支持：
<key>NSAppleScriptEnabled</key>
<string>YES</string>
<key>OSAScriptingDefinition</key>
<string>HelloWorld.sdef</string>
AppDelegate.h
#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>
@interface AppDelegate : NSObject <NSApplicationDelegate>
@property NSString* property1;
@end
AppDelegate.m
#import "AppDelegate.h"
@interface AppDelegate ()
@property (weak) IBOutlet NSWindow *window;
@end
@implementation AppDelegate
@synthesize property1;
- (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(NSNotification *)aNotification {
property1 = @"test";
}
@end
HelloWorld.sdef
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE dictionary SYSTEM "file://localhost/System/Library/DTDs/sdef.dtd">
<dictionary title="HelloWorld">
<suite name="HelloWorld" code="HELO" description="HelloWorld scripting suite">
<class name="application" id="HELO" code="capp" description="top-level scripting object">
<cocoa class="NSApplication"/>
<property name="property1" code="Hadp" description="property1" type="text" access="r">
<cocoa key="property1"/>
</property>
</class>
</suite>
</dictionary>
当我在 Xcode 调试器中启动应用程序并在脚本编辑器中执行此 AppleScript 代码时，这是我在脚本编辑器控制台中看到的错误：
脚本编辑器控制台输出
error "HelloWorld got an error: AppleEvent handler failed." number -10000
Xcode 调试器控制台输出
2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] Command: Intrinsics.get
Direct Parameter: <NSPropertySpecifier: property1>
Receivers: <NSPropertySpecifier: property1>
Arguments: {
}
2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] An exception was thrown during execution of an NSScriptCommand...
2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] [<NSApplication 0x620000101560> valueForUndefinedKey:]: this class is not key value coding-compliant for the key property1.
2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] Result: (null)
2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] Error: -10000 "(null)"
故障排除说明
不知何故，我的代码实际上不符合 KVC，但我不确定如何或为什么。
我怀疑 属性 在 应用程序委托 而不是 NSApplication class 中可能存在问题本身，但我可能是错的。
我设置了绑定调试日志级别，如 Cocoa 绑定编程主题文档的 "Troubleshooting Cocoa Bindings" 部分所示，以解决绑定问题：
defaults write net.none.HelloWorld NSBindingDebugLogLevel 1
我还将脚本调试日志级别设置为 1，如 Cocoa 脚本指南的 "Turn On Debugging Output for Scripting" 部分所示，以查看更详细的调试输出，如下所示：
defaults write net.none.HelloWorld NSScriptingDebugLogLevel 1
最后，我按照 Cocoa 脚本指南 "Examining Scriptability Information in Your Application" 部分中的说明输出了从 SDEF Cocoa 提取的脚本信息的描述。这是调试器控制台命令及其输出：
po [NSClassFromString(@"NSScriptSuiteRegistry") sharedScriptSuiteRegistry]
Suite: Intrinsics ('intr'), hidden: yes
Name: "Intrinsics", description: ""
Class: item ('cobj'), superclass: <none>, hidden: no
Implementation class: NSObject
Name: "item", plural name: "items", description: "A scriptable object."
Attribute: classCode ('pcls'), type: type ('type'), access: read-only, hidden: no
Name: "class", description: "The class of the object."
Attribute: scriptingProperties ('pALL'), type: record ('reco'), access: read-write, hidden: no
Name: "properties", description: "All of the object's properties."
Default subcontainer: <none>
Supported command: delete, method: -
Supported command: exists, method: -
Supported command: set, method: -
Supported command: get, method: -
Supported command: count, method: -
Supported command: move, method: -
Supported command: duplicate, method: -
Primitive type: <none>
Command: get ('core'/'getd'), hidden: no
Implementation class: NSGetCommand
Name: "get", description: "Returns the value of the specified object(s)."
Unnamed argument ('----'), type: specifier ('obj '), optional: no
(No user-readable name or description needed for unnamed arguments)
Result type: any ('****')
Description: <none>
Command: set ('core'/'setd'), hidden: no
Implementation class: NSSetCommand
Name: "set", description: "Sets the value of the specified object(s)."
Unnamed argument ('----'), type: specifier ('obj '), optional: no
(No user-readable name or description needed for unnamed arguments)
Argument: Value ('data'), type: any ('****'), optional: no, hidden: no
Name: "to", description: "The new value."
Result type: <none> ('null')
Description: <none>
Value type: any ('****')
Implementation class: NSAppleEventDescriptor
Value type: boolean ('bool')
Implementation class: NSNumber
Value type: date ('ldt ')
Implementation class: NSDate
Value type: file ('file')
Implementation class: NSURL
Value type: integer ('long')
Implementation class: NSNumber
Value type: location specifier ('insl')
Implementation class: NSPositionalSpecifier
Value type: missing value ('msng')
Implementation class: NSNull
Value type: number ('nmbr')
Implementation class: NSNumber
Value type: point ('QDpt')
Implementation class: NSData
Value type: real ('doub')
Implementation class: NSNumber
Value type: record ('reco')
Implementation class: NSDictionary
Value type: rectangle ('qdrt')
Implementation class: NSData
Value type: specifier ('obj ')
Implementation class: NSScriptObjectSpecifier
Value type: text ('ctxt')
Implementation class: NSString
Value type: type ('type')
Implementation class: NSNumber
Object type: item ('cobj')
Suite: HelloWorld ('HELO'), hidden: no
Name: "HelloWorld", description: "HelloWorld scripting suite"
Class: application ('capp'), superclass: item, hidden: no
Implementation class: NSApplication
Name: "application", plural name: "applications", description: "top-level scripting object"
Attribute: property1 ('Hadp'), type: text ('ctxt'), access: read-only, hidden: no
Name: "property1", description: "property1"
Default subcontainer: <none>
Primitive type: <none>
Object type: application ('capp')
有什么想法吗？
如果密钥在 AppDelegate 你必须实施
- (BOOL)application:(NSApplication *)sender delegateHandlesKey:(NSString *)key
{
return [key isEqualToString:@"property1"];
}
对于多个键声明一个 NSSet 属性 keySet 包含所有键和 return
return [keySet containsObject:key];
您不需要在 sdef 文件中指定 cocoa key property1，因为名称与选择器匹配。
我有一个用 Xcode 编写的非常基本的 Cocoa 应用程序，我正在尝试使用简单的 AppleScript 脚本访问我的应用程序委托的 属性：
tell application "HelloWorld"
set appDelegateProperty to property1
end tell
Cocoa Scripting Guide 中的信息似乎非常简单明了。虽然看起来我编写的代码符合键值编码 (KVC) 标准，但我看到的错误表明情况并非如此。
我在 AppDelegate class 中添加了一个名为 NSString 类型 NSString 的合成 属性，并将其设置为 @"test"在 applicationDidFinishLaunching() 方法中。我在脚本定义 (SDEF) 文件中添加了条目，以允许从 AppleScript 访问 属性。
这里是相关代码（您可以在 this web page 上下载 Xcode 项目的压缩副本或浏览源代码）：
Info.plist
我添加了这些键以在应用程序中启用 AppleScript 支持：
<key>NSAppleScriptEnabled</key>
<string>YES</string>
<key>OSAScriptingDefinition</key>
<string>HelloWorld.sdef</string>
AppDelegate.h
#import <Cocoa/Cocoa.h>
@interface AppDelegate : NSObject <NSApplicationDelegate>
@property NSString* property1;
@end
AppDelegate.m
#import "AppDelegate.h"
@interface AppDelegate ()
@property (weak) IBOutlet NSWindow *window;
@end
@implementation AppDelegate
@synthesize property1;
- (void)applicationDidFinishLaunching:(NSNotification *)aNotification {
property1 = @"test";
}
@end
HelloWorld.sdef
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE dictionary SYSTEM "file://localhost/System/Library/DTDs/sdef.dtd">
<dictionary title="HelloWorld">
<suite name="HelloWorld" code="HELO" description="HelloWorld scripting suite">
<class name="application" id="HELO" code="capp" description="top-level scripting object">
<cocoa class="NSApplication"/>
<property name="property1" code="Hadp" description="property1" type="text" access="r">
<cocoa key="property1"/>
</property>
</class>
</suite>
</dictionary>
当我在 Xcode 调试器中启动应用程序并在脚本编辑器中执行此 AppleScript 代码时，这是我在脚本编辑器控制台中看到的错误：
脚本编辑器控制台输出
error "HelloWorld got an error: AppleEvent handler failed." number -10000
Xcode 调试器控制台输出
2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] Command: Intrinsics.get
Direct Parameter: <NSPropertySpecifier: property1>
Receivers: <NSPropertySpecifier: property1>
Arguments: {
}
2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] An exception was thrown during execution of an NSScriptCommand...
2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] [<NSApplication 0x620000101560> valueForUndefinedKey:]: this class is not key value coding-compliant for the key property1.
2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] Result: (null)
2016-07-01 15:29:18.449 HelloWorld[90280:3166995] Error: -10000 "(null)"
故障排除说明
不知何故，我的代码实际上不符合 KVC，但我不确定如何或为什么。
我怀疑 属性 在 应用程序委托 而不是 NSApplication class 中可能存在问题本身，但我可能是错的。
我设置了绑定调试日志级别，如 Cocoa 绑定编程主题文档的 "Troubleshooting Cocoa Bindings" 部分所示，以解决绑定问题：
defaults write net.none.HelloWorld NSBindingDebugLogLevel 1
我还将脚本调试日志级别设置为 1，如 Cocoa 脚本指南的 "Turn On Debugging Output for Scripting" 部分所示，以查看更详细的调试输出，如下所示：
defaults write net.none.HelloWorld NSScriptingDebugLogLevel 1
最后，我按照 Cocoa 脚本指南 "Examining Scriptability Information in Your Application" 部分中的说明输出了从 SDEF Cocoa 提取的脚本信息的描述。这是调试器控制台命令及其输出：
po [NSClassFromString(@"NSScriptSuiteRegistry") sharedScriptSuiteRegistry]
Suite: Intrinsics ('intr'), hidden: yes
Name: "Intrinsics", description: ""
Class: item ('cobj'), superclass: <none>, hidden: no
Implementation class: NSObject
Name: "item", plural name: "items", description: "A scriptable object."
Attribute: classCode ('pcls'), type: type ('type'), access: read-only, hidden: no
Name: "class", description: "The class of the object."
Attribute: scriptingProperties ('pALL'), type: record ('reco'), access: read-write, hidden: no
Name: "properties", description: "All of the object's properties."
Default subcontainer: <none>
Supported command: delete, method: -
Supported command: exists, method: -
Supported command: set, method: -
Supported command: get, method: -
Supported command: count, method: -
Supported command: move, method: -
Supported command: duplicate, method: -
Primitive type: <none>
Command: get ('core'/'getd'), hidden: no
Implementation class: NSGetCommand
Name: "get", description: "Returns the value of the specified object(s)."
Unnamed argument ('----'), type: specifier ('obj '), optional: no
(No user-readable name or description needed for unnamed arguments)
Result type: any ('****')
Description: <none>
Command: set ('core'/'setd'), hidden: no
Implementation class: NSSetCommand
Name: "set", description: "Sets the value of the specified object(s)."
Unnamed argument ('----'), type: specifier ('obj '), optional: no
(No user-readable name or description needed for unnamed arguments)
Argument: Value ('data'), type: any ('****'), optional: no, hidden: no
Name: "to", description: "The new value."
Result type: <none> ('null')
Description: <none>
Value type: any ('****')
Implementation class: NSAppleEventDescriptor
Value type: boolean ('bool')
Implementation class: NSNumber
Value type: date ('ldt ')
Implementation class: NSDate
Value type: file ('file')
Implementation class: NSURL
Value type: integer ('long')
Implementation class: NSNumber
Value type: location specifier ('insl')
Implementation class: NSPositionalSpecifier
Value type: missing value ('msng')
Implementation class: NSNull
Value type: number ('nmbr')
Implementation class: NSNumber
Value type: point ('QDpt')
Implementation class: NSData
Value type: real ('doub')
Implementation class: NSNumber
Value type: record ('reco')
Implementation class: NSDictionary
Value type: rectangle ('qdrt')
Implementation class: NSData
Value type: specifier ('obj ')
Implementation class: NSScriptObjectSpecifier
Value type: text ('ctxt')
Implementation class: NSString
Value type: type ('type')
Implementation class: NSNumber
Object type: item ('cobj')
Suite: HelloWorld ('HELO'), hidden: no
Name: "HelloWorld", description: "HelloWorld scripting suite"
Class: application ('capp'), superclass: item, hidden: no
Implementation class: NSApplication
Name: "application", plural name: "applications", description: "top-level scripting object"
Attribute: property1 ('Hadp'), type: text ('ctxt'), access: read-only, hidden: no
Name: "property1", description: "property1"
Default subcontainer: <none>
Primitive type: <none>
Object type: application ('capp')
有什么想法吗？
如果密钥在 AppDelegate 你必须实施
- (BOOL)application:(NSApplication *)sender delegateHandlesKey:(NSString *)key
{
return [key isEqualToString:@"property1"];
}
对于多个键声明一个 NSSet 属性 keySet 包含所有键和 return
return [keySet containsObject:key];
您不需要在 sdef 文件中指定 cocoa key property1，因为名称与选择器匹配。