如何在 Node.js 中设置和访问 class 属性?

How to set up and access class properties in Node.js?

我在访问我创建的对象中的数据时遇到问题。我是 JS 和节点的新手,我认为我的问题是我如何初始化变量,但我不知道。

这是我的初始化:

var http = require('http');
var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var async = require('async');
var currentBoatList = [];
var BoatObjectList = [];

我有一个 class 来创建船只的当前信息(从数据库中获取):

function CurrentBoatInfo(boatName) {
    var name,MMSI,callSign,currentDate,positionJSON,status,speed,course;
    database.collection('Vessels').find({"BoatName":boatName},{"sort":{DateTime:-1}}).toArray(function(error1,vessel) {
            name = vessel[0].BoatName;
            MMSI = vessel[0].MMSI;
            callSign = vessel[0].VesselCallSign;
            console.log(name); \logs the boats name, so the variable is there
        });
    });
}

我有我的 db 函数,它可以提取最近的船只,将它们的名字放在一个列表中,然后在另一个列表中为列表中的每个船名创建对象:

编辑:我看到我不必要地多次连接到 mongoDB,使用代码修复它,并清除 'db' 变量名。

var createBoats = function() {
    MongoClient.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/tracks', function(err,database){
        if (err) {return console.dir(err); }
        else {console.log("connect to db");}
        database.collection('Vessels').find({"MostRecentContact": { "$gte": (new Date((new Date()).getTime() - (365*24*60*60*1000)))}}).toArray(function(error,docs) { //within a year
                docs.forEach(function(entry, index, array) {
                    currentBoatList.push(entry.BoatName); //create list of boats
                    BoatObjectList.push(new CurrentBoatInfo(entry.BoatName,database));
                });
                server();
            });
        });
};

最后是我的服务器代码,它只是创建一个服务器,应该记录上面创建的每个对象的一些信息,但由于某种原因没有(下面的输出):

var server = function() {
    http.createServer(function handler(req, res) {
        res.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});
        console.log(BoatObjectList); //array of CurrentBoatInfo objects, prints [CurrentBoatInfo {}, CurrentBoatInfo {}, CurrentBoatInfo {}]
        console.log(BoatObjectList[0].name); //prints undefined
        BoatObjectList.forEach(function(entry) {
            var count = 0;
            for(var propertyName in entry.CurrentBoatInfo) { //nothing from here prints
                console.log(JSON.stringify(propertyName));
                count++;
                console.log(count);
            }
        });
        res.end();
    }).listen(1337, '127.0.0.1');
};

我看到的输出是这样的:

connect to db
[ 'DOCK HOLIDAY', 'BOATY MCBOATFACE', 'PIER PRESSURE' ] //list of boats
DOCK HOLIDAY  //boat names as they're being instantiated
BOATY MCBOATFACE
PIER PRESSURE
[ CurrentBoatInfo {}, CurrentBoatInfo {}, CurrentBoatInfo {} ] //list of boat objects
undefined //the name of the first boat in the object list
[ CurrentBoatInfo {}, CurrentBoatInfo {}, CurrentBoatInfo {} ]
undefined

通过这个思考,我现在认为我的问题是 createServer 代码运行,但不记录,然后当我访问 127.0.0.1:1337 时,它记录名称(实例化时未定义)。 .. 但是如何让 createServer 等待对象被实例化?

我能发现的明显问题是这段代码:

docs.forEach(function(entry, index, array) {
  currentBoatList.push(entry.BoatName); //create list of boats
  if (currentBoatList.length === array.length) {
    console.log(currentBoatList);
    async.eachOf(currentBoatList, function(entry,index,array) {     
      BoatObjectList[index] = new CurrentBoatInfo(currentBoatList[index]); //create object of the boat's info
    }, server()); //create the server after creating the objects
  }
});

这里的问题是async.eachOf是同步docs.forEach函数里面的异步函数运行。此外,async.eachOf 的第二个参数应该有一个必须为数组中的每个项目调用的回调,如:

    async.eachOf(array, function(item, index, callback) {     
      doSomethingAsync(function(err, result) {
         if (err) return callback(err);

         // do something with result
         callback();
      });
    }, function(err) {
      // this is called when all items of the array are processed
      // or if any of them had error, err here will contain the error
      if(err) {
        console.log("something went wrong", err);
      } else {
        console.log("success");
      }
  });

如您所见运行作为回调的 server() 看起来不正确,因为您应该首先确保没有错误传递给最终回调,然后再继续。

对于你的情况,我不明白你为什么使用 async.eachOf 而不是简单的 currentBoatList.forEach 因为您没有在循环内执行任何异步操作,所以您只是在填充 BoatObjectList。

UPD 你的问题是你在假设你的变量准备好之前没有等待你的异步操作完成。我希望以下内容能让您了解应该如何实现您所需要的(请注意,我重命名了一些变量和函数只是为了使它们更清晰易懂):

database.collection('Vessels').find(query).toArray(function(err, vessels) {
  if (err) {
    // process error
    return;
  }

  async.eachOf(vessels, function(vessel, index, next) {
    currentBoatList.push(vessel.BoatName);

    getVesselInfoByName(vessel.BoatName, function(err, info) {
      if (err) {
        return next(err);
      }

      vesselsInfoList.push(info);
      next();
    });
  }, function(err) {
    if (err) {
      // process error
      return;
    }

    // all vessels are processed without errors, vesselsInfoList is ready to be used
    server();
  });
});

function getVesselInfoByName(vesselName, callback) {
  // do everything you need to get vessel info
  // once you have received the vesselInfo call callback

  // if any error happens return callback(err);
  // otherwise return callback(null, vesselInfo);
}

一般来说,我会建议您进一步了解 node.js asyncronius 函数的工作原理,然后仔细查看异步库文档。