在 Django 中添加来自同一模型的两个外键字段

Question

我正在尝试在 Django 中创建用户和关注者关系，如下所示

id | user_id | follower_id
1  | 20      | 45
2  | 20      | 53
3  | 32      | 20

为此，我做了以下工作：

class UserFollower(models.Model):
    user_id = models.ForeignKey(User)
    follower_id = models.ForeignKey(User)

    def __str__(self):
        return "{} following {}".format(self.follower_id.username, self.user_id.username)

其中 User 是 django.contrib.auth.models.User 模型。在运行 makemigrations 上，我收到以下错误：

ERRORS:
AppName.UserFollower.follower_id: (fields.E304) Reverse accessor for 'UserFollower.follower_id' clashes with reverse accessor for 'UserFollower.user_id'.

HINT: Add or change a related_name argument to the definition for 'UserFollower.follower_id' or 'UserFollower.user_id'.
AppName.UserFollower.user_id: (fields.E304) Reverse accessor for 'UserFollower.user_id' clashes with reverse accessor for 'UserFollower.follower_id'.
HINT: Add or change a related_name argument to the definition for 'UserFollower.user_id' or 'UserFollower.follower_id'.

我的问题是，为什么这是错误的？我该如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

您需要添加related_name

class UserFollower(models.Model):
    user_id = models.ForeignKey(User,related_name="users")
    follower_id = models.ForeignKey(User,related_name="followers")

这是为什么

"If a model has a ForeignKey, instances of the foreign-key model will have access to a Manager that returns all instances of the first model. By default, this Manager is named FOO_set, where FOO is the source model name, lowercased."

But if you have more than one foreign key in a model, django is unable to generate unique names for foreign-key manager. You can help out by adding "related_name" arguments to the foreignkey field definitions in your models.

因此，您可以在 django 中阅读更多内容 docs

在 Django 中添加来自同一模型的两个外键字段

Add two ForeignKey Fields from same Model in Django

python

django

django-models