在 UIView 外绘制阴影

Draw Drop Shadow Outside UIView

背景

我有一个 UIView 具有以下属性:

代码

这就是我创建投影的方式:(UIView 扩展名)

self.layer.masksToBounds = false
self.layer.shadowColor = UIColor.darkGrayColor().CGColor
self.layer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(0, 5)
self.layer.shadowOpacity = 0.35
self.layer.shadowPath = UIBezierPath(roundedRect: self.bounds, cornerRadius: self.layer.cornerRadius).CGPath

结果

结果如下:

...虽然我不想看到这样的视图下方的阴影:

问题

如何只在视图外绘制阴影,使其在视图下方不可见?

提前致谢!

这是从此处找到的 post 改编而来的。我不知道你图层的细节,所以我创建了一个以屏幕中间为中心的圆圈。您可以轻松地将圆圈替换为图层的规范,我相信这会解决您的问题。请随时评论任何进一步的说明! 导入 UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    createOverlay(view.bounds)
}
func createOverlay(frame : CGRect)
{
    let overlayView = UIView(frame: frame)
    overlayView.alpha = 0.6
    overlayView.backgroundColor = UIColor.blackColor()
    self.view.addSubview(overlayView)

    let maskLayer = CAShapeLayer()

    let path = CGPathCreateMutable()

    let radius : CGFloat = 50.0
    let xOffset : CGFloat = view.bounds.width / 2
    let yOffset : CGFloat = view.bounds.height / 2

    CGPathAddArc(path, nil, overlayView.frame.width - xOffset, yOffset, radius, 0.0, 2 * 3.14, false)
    CGPathAddRect(path, nil, CGRectMake(0, 0, overlayView.frame.width, overlayView.frame.height))
    maskLayer.backgroundColor = UIColor.blackColor().CGColor
    maskLayer.path = path;
    maskLayer.fillRule = kCAFillRuleEvenOdd

    overlayView.layer.mask = maskLayer
    overlayView.clipsToBounds = true
}
}

照片

这可能比需要的稍微复杂一些,但这是一个解决方案。

使用以下方法扩展 UIView

extension UIView {
    // Note: the method needs the view from which the context is taken as an argument.
    func dropShadow(superview: UIView) {
        // Get context from superview
        UIGraphicsBeginImageContext(self.bounds.size)
        superview.drawViewHierarchyInRect(CGRect(x: -self.frame.minX, y: -self.frame.minY, width: superview.bounds.width, height: superview.bounds.height), afterScreenUpdates: true)
        let image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
        UIGraphicsEndImageContext()

        // Add a UIImageView with the image from the context as a subview
        let imageView = UIImageView(frame: self.bounds)
        imageView.image = image
        imageView.layer.cornerRadius = self.layer.cornerRadius
        imageView.clipsToBounds = true
        self.addSubview(imageView)

        // Bring the background color to the front, alternatively set it as UIColor(white: 1, alpha: 0.2)
        let brighter = UIView(frame: self.bounds)
        brighter.backgroundColor = self.backgroundColor ?? UIColor(white: 1, alpha: 0.2)
        brighter.layer.cornerRadius = self.layer.cornerRadius
        brighter.clipsToBounds = true
        self.addSubview(brighter)

        // Set the shadow
        self.layer.masksToBounds = false
        self.layer.shadowColor = UIColor.darkGrayColor().CGColor
        self.layer.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(0, 5)
        self.layer.shadowOpacity = 0.35
        self.layer.shadowPath = UIBezierPath(roundedRect: self.bounds, cornerRadius: self.layer.cornerRadius).CGPath
    }
}

用法,考虑到背景视图被命名为view:

let shadowView = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 100, y: 100, width: 300, height: 200))
shadowView.layer.cornerRadius = 15.0
shadowView.dropShadow(view)

view.addSubview(shadowView)

结果如下所示:

注意: dropShadow 方法 不能 viewDidLoad 调用,因为这会导致问题图形上下文。所以,最早在viewWillAppear使用这个方法就得到了上面的结果。


这是背景视图的代码,以防万一有人想在操场上进行测试:

let view = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 500, height: 400))
view.backgroundColor = UIColor.clearColor()

let color1 = UIColor(hue: 0.39, saturation: 0.7, brightness: 1.0, alpha: 1.0).CGColor
let color2 = UIColor(hue: 0.51, saturation: 0.9, brightness: 0.6, alpha: 1.0).CGColor

let gradient = CAGradientLayer()
gradient.frame = view.frame
gradient.colors = [color1, color2]
gradient.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0, y: 0)
gradient.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1, y: 1)
view.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, atIndex: 0)

我通常使用视图组合来解决这种情况。我没有在 target 视图中设置阴影,而是创建了一个 ShadowView 并将其放在 target 视图后面,具有相同的框架。

这样做,我们可以屏蔽阴影视图,以便只在其框架外绘制阴影。

阴影遮罩的代码是(上面的完整代码):

      let maskLayer = CAShapeLayer()
      let path = CGMutablePath()
      path.addPath(UIBezierPath(roundedRect: bounds.inset(by: UIEdgeInsets.zero), cornerRadius: CGFloat(cornerRadius)).cgPath)
      path.addPath(UIBezierPath(roundedRect: bounds.inset(by: UIEdgeInsets(top: -offset.height - radius*2, left: -offset.width - radius*2, bottom: -offset.height - radius*2, right: -offset.width - radius*2)), cornerRadius: CGFloat(cornerRadius)).cgPath)
      maskLayer.backgroundColor = UIColor.black.cgColor
      maskLayer.path = path;
      maskLayer.fillRule = .evenOdd
      self.layer.mask = maskLayer

结果如下:

此处提供完整的游乐场: https://gist.github.com/llinardos/d1ede3b491efc8edac940c5ea8631c6f

这种效果在背景模糊的情况下看起来非常好。