ASP.Net HttpPost 操作中的核心 CreatedAtAction returns 201 但整个请求以 500 结尾

ASP.Net Core CreatedAtAction in HttpPost action returns 201 but entire request ends with 500

我正在关注[1] 以设置我的第一个 .NET Core WebAPI(从 "old" WebAPI 迁移)。当我执行 HttpPost 操作时,如教程中所示:

[HttpPost]
public IActionResult Create([FromBody] TodoItem item)
{
    if (item == null)
    {
        return BadRequest();
    }
    TodoItems.Add(item);
    return CreatedAtAction("GetTodo", new { id = item.Key }, item);
}

我在退出 Controller 后收到 HttpError 500。 CreatedAtAction returns 正确的对象,如我所料,状态代码为 201,在我的方法退出后,服务器以某种方式将其变成 500。我似乎无法进入其余部分管道。 Trace 给我以下错误:

81.  -GENERAL_REQUEST_ENTITY 
82.  -NOTIFY_MODULE_COMPLETION 
83.  -MODULE_SET_RESPONSE_ERROR_STATUS [Warning] 171ms

      ModuleName          AspNetCoreModule 
      Notification        EXECUTE_REQUEST_HANDLER 
      HttpStatus          500 
      HttpReason          Internal Server Error 
      HttpSubStatus       0 
      ErrorCode           The operation completed successfully. (0x0) 
      ConfigExceptionInfo

所有内容(Program.cs、Startup.cs)都完全按照 [1] 中的设置。在 IISExpress (VS2015 Update 3) 和 IIS7.5 (Windows 7) 中的行为完全相同。其他 return 类型,200(new ObjectResult(item) 用于 GET,404 用于 NotFound() 或 204 NoContentResult() 用于 PUT 工作正常。所以它似乎是 201 的问题。任何想法?

[1] https://docs.asp.net/en/latest/tutorials/first-web-api.html

更新 根据请求发布其他详细信息:

Startup.cs:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using FirstWebApi.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace FirstWebApi
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
                .SetBasePath(env.ContentRootPath)
                .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true)
                .AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{env.EnvironmentName}.json", optional: true)
                .AddEnvironmentVariables();
            Configuration = builder.Build();
        }

        public IConfigurationRoot Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc();
            services.AddLogging();
            services.AddSingleton<ITodoRepository, TodoRepository>();
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory)
        {
            loggerFactory.AddConsole(Configuration.GetSection("Logging"));
            loggerFactory.AddDebug();

            app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            app.UseStatusCodePages();

            app.UseMvc();   
        }
    }
}

TodoController.cs:

using System.Collections.Generic;
using FirstWebApi.Models;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;

namespace FirstWebApi.Controllers
{
    [Route("api/[controller]")]
    public class TodoController : Controller
    {
        public TodoController(ITodoRepository todoItems)
        {
            TodoItems = todoItems;
        }
        public ITodoRepository TodoItems { get; set; }

        public IEnumerable<TodoItem> GetAll()
        {
            return TodoItems.GetAll();
        }

        [HttpGet("{id}", Name = "GetTodo")]
        public IActionResult GetById(string id)
        {
            var item = TodoItems.Find(id);
            if (item == null)
            {
                return NotFound();
            }
            return new ObjectResult(item);
        }

        [HttpPost]
        public IActionResult Create([FromBody] TodoItem item)
        {
            if (item == null)
            {
                return BadRequest();
            }
            TodoItems.Add(item);
            return CreatedAtAction("GetTodo", new { id = item.Key }, item);
        }

        [HttpPut("{id}")]
        public IActionResult Update(string id, [FromBody] TodoItem item)
        {
            if (item == null || item.Key != id)
            {
                return BadRequest();
            }

            var todo = TodoItems.Find(id);
            if (todo == null)
            {
                return NotFound();
            }

            TodoItems.Update(item);
            return new NoContentResult();
        }

        [HttpDelete("{id}")]
        public void Delete(string id)
        {
            TodoItems.Remove(id);
        }
    }
}

更新 2

事实证明,CreateAtAction 201 尝试重定向到未处理的路由:

System.InvalidOperationException: No route matches the supplied values.
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.CreatedAtActionResult.OnFormatting(ActionContext context)

仍然不确定为什么,因为方法 GetById 应该根据控制器设置映射到 GetTodo

所以,经过一些调试,我找到了导致它的原因。事实证明,this.Url.Action("Get", "GetTodo", new { id=item.Key }) 会 return null 而 500 来自 IIS 无法匹配附加到 201 的路由。

事实证明,您要么需要设置:

app.UseMvc(routes =>
{
    routes.MapRoute(
        name: "default",
        template: "{controller}/{action}");
});

或使用CreateAtRoute.

在成功的 POST 请求中,我使用:

return StatusCode(201, oCreatedObject);