什么是应用数据库之间关系的正确方法?

What is a right method to apply relations between database?

我想创建一个简单的应用程序来跟踪房间里的人。我想要 2 table 人和房间。 像这样

class Person(models.Model):
name = models.CharField()

class Room(models.Model):
number = models.IntegerField()
max_occupancy = models.IntegerField() //set up max person in room

我的问题是:

我如何将房间分配给某人我可以只使用外键吗? 我可以查询房间人数吗?

这可能有效:

from django.core.exceptions import ValidationError

class Room(models.Model):
    number = models.IntegerField()
    max_occupancy = models.IntegerField() #set up max person in room

class Person(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=16)
    room = models.ForeignKey(Room, related_name='persons')

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if self.room:# not necessary if the field is not nullable
            if self.room.persons.count() >= self.room.max_occupancy :
                raise ValidationError('Room is already full')
        super().save(*args, **kwargs)

例如:

r = Room.objects.create(number=1, max_occupancy=1)
Person.objects.create(name='first', room=r)
# creates
Person.objects.create(name='second', room=r)
# ValidationError: ['Room is already full']

如果您希望将一个人分配到多个房间,我们可以使用 ManyToManyField 并更新入住人数的检查。