打印结构数组

Question

我用 C 编写了一个程序，可以按年份对汽车记录进行排序并打印它们，建模并打印它们，然后查找并打印重复项。但是，唯一一次打印任何记录是在复制功能中。否则，输出完全是空白的……我试过在 DevC++ 和 Linux 上编译。这些记录是一个全局声明的结构，我正在使用 for 循环打印它们...帮助！

这是我的代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>

struct Car      //struct for cars
{
    char make[20];
    char model[20];
    int year;
    char color[20];
} usedCars[10] = //user inputted cars
{
    {"toyota","matrix",2006,"silver"},
    {"honda","accord",2009,"blue"},
    {"chrysler","ptcruiser",2001,"red"},
    {"volvo","xc70",2010,"blue"},
    {"chevy","blazer",2001,"black"},
    {"ford","f150",1998,"blue"},
    {"jeep","grandcherokee",2008,"red"},
    {"cadillac","deville",2004,"red"},
    {"volkswagen","jetta",2010,"silver"},
    {"chrysler","ptcruiser",2001,"red"}
};

void print_cars_by_year() //prints by year
{
    char temp[20]; //array for swapping records
    int i,j,tmp; //variables for swapping

    for (i=0; i<10; i++) // nested loop for bubble sort - repeats for 10 records
    {
        for (j=0 ; j<9; j++) //bubble sort loop
        {
            if (usedCars[j].year > usedCars[j+1].year) //if the years of the first two records are not equal
            {
                strcpy(temp, usedCars[j].make); //uses strcpy to swap the records of make
                strcpy(usedCars[j].make, usedCars[j+1].make);
                strcpy(usedCars[j+1].make, temp);

                strcpy(temp, usedCars[j].model);    //uses strcpy to swap model
                strcpy(usedCars[j].model, usedCars[j+1].model);
                strcpy(usedCars[j+1].model, temp);

                tmp = usedCars[j].year; //typical int bubble sort
                usedCars[j].year = usedCars[j+1].year;
                usedCars[j+1].year = tmp;

                strcpy(temp, usedCars[j].color);    //uses strcpy to swap color
                strcpy(usedCars[j].color, usedCars[j+1].color);
                strcpy(usedCars[j+1].color, temp);
            }
        }
    }

    printf("\nThe records sorted by year are:\n");
    printf("Make\t\tModel\t\tYear\tColor\n");
    for (i=0; i<10; i++); //prints newly sorted records
    {
        printf("%s\t%s\t%d\t%s\n",usedCars[i].make,usedCars[i].model,usedCars[i].year,usedCars[i].color);
    }
}

void print_cars_by_model()
{
    char temp[20]; //array for swapping records
    int i,j,tmp; //variables for swapping

    for (i=0; i<10; i++) // nested loop for bubble sort - repeats for 10 records
    {
        for (j=0 ; j<9; j++) //bubble sort loop
        {
            if (strcmp(usedCars[j].model, usedCars[j+1].model)>0) //if the models of the first two records are not equal
            {
                strcpy(temp, usedCars[j].make); //uses strcpy to swap the records of make
                strcpy(usedCars[j].make, usedCars[j+1].make);
                strcpy(usedCars[j+1].make, temp);

                strcpy(temp, usedCars[j].model);    //uses strcpy to swap model
                strcpy(usedCars[j].model, usedCars[j+1].model);
                strcpy(usedCars[j+1].model, temp);

                tmp = usedCars[j].year; //typical int bubble sort
                usedCars[j].year = usedCars[j+1].year;
                usedCars[j+1].year = tmp;

                strcpy(temp, usedCars[j].color);    //uses strcpy to swap color
                strcpy(usedCars[j].color, usedCars[j+1].color);
                strcpy(usedCars[j+1].color, temp);
            }
        }
    }
    printf("\nThe records sorted by model are:\n");
    printf("Make\t\tModel\t\tYear\tColor\n");
    for (i=0; i<10; i++); //prints unsorted records
    {
        printf("%s\t%s\t%d\t%s\n",usedCars[i].make,usedCars[i].model,usedCars[i].year,usedCars[i].color);
    }
}

void print_duplicate_records()
{
    int i,j;

    for (i=0; i<10; i++)
    {
        for (j=i+1; j<10; j++) //will not compare same record
        {
            if (strcmp(usedCars[i].model, usedCars[j].model) == 0) //only go if models are equal
            {
                if (strcmp(usedCars[i].make, usedCars[j].make) == 0)    //only go if makes are equal
                {
                    if (usedCars[i].year==usedCars[j].year) //only go if years are equal
                    {
                        if (strcmp(usedCars[i].color, usedCars[j].color) == 0) //if colors are equal, the record is equal
                        {
                            printf("\nThere is a duplicate record:\n");
                            printf("Make\t\tModel\t\tYear\tColor\n");
                            printf("%s\t%s\t%d\t%s\n",usedCars[i].make,usedCars[i].model,usedCars[i].year,usedCars[i].color);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

int main()
{
    int i;
    printf("The records (unsorted) are:\n");
    printf("Make\t\tModel\t\tYear\tColor\n");
    for (i=0; i<10; i++); //prints unsorted records
    {
        printf("%s\t%s\t%d\t%s\n",usedCars[i].make,usedCars[i].model,usedCars[i].year,usedCars[i].color);
    }

    print_cars_by_year(); //call to by year func

    print_cars_by_model(); //call to by model func

    print_duplicate_records();

    return 0;
}

输出看起来像

记录（未排序）是：制作车型年份颜色 0

（然后两个排序函数相同）

存在重复记录：制作车型年份颜色克莱斯勒 ptcruiser 2001 红色

Answer 1

你这里的分号错位了

for (i=0; i<10; i++);
/*                  ^ what? */

这意味着下面的代码只会执行一次。

另外，请格式化你的代码，这样可以防止这种错误，也使用编译器警告，我不想看代码，因为它太乱了，所以我试着用警告编译它 clang 抱怨分号，像这样

error: for loop has empty body [-Werror,-Wempty-body]

如您所见，我没有阅读代码就发现了问题，因为我使用了可用的工具来帮我检查。

您应该修复的更重要的事情是代码中的许多 if 语句，您可以使用 && 运算符来避免这么多级别的缩进。

打印结构数组

Printing an Array of a Structure

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arrays

struct

structure