如何根据变量的值运行不同的函数？

Question

如何在不使用大量 if 或 switch 语句的情况下根据变量值运行函数？

目前我正在重复大量代码并做类似这样的事情

这 2 个变量代表我从套接字读取的数据。我需要根据收到的数据做一些不同的事情

//Class1.h
class Class1 {
public:
    Class1();
    virtual ~Class1();

    unsigned char mode = 0x00;
    unsigned char type = 0x00;

    Interface* o;//in this case I’m creating an object not running a function
};

//Class1.cpp

#include "Class1.h"

Class1::Class1(){

    switch(mode){
    case 0x00:
        switch(type){
        case 0x00:
            o = new Class2();
            break;
        case 0x01:
            o = new Class3();
            break;
        case 0x02:
            o = new Class4();
            break;
        }
        //case 0x03
        //case 0x04
        //...
        break;
    //case 0x01
    //case 0x02
    //...
    default:
        break;
    }

}

Answer 1

没有真正干净的解决方案，但如果您确实有 classes 命名为 "Class%d"，您可以利用预处理器通过使用变量的值作为 class 名字。

我不太喜欢这个，但我想不出太多替代方案。

#define HANDLE_HUNDREDS_OF_CASES(x) case x: o = new Class##x(); break;

int type=1;
switch(type) {
HANDLE_HUNDREDS_OF_CASES(0); //< Will construct a new Class0 if type==0
HANDLE_HUNDREDS_OF_CASES(1); //< Will construct a new Class1 if type==1
HANDLE_HUNDREDS_OF_CASES(2); // Etc ...
HANDLE_HUNDREDS_OF_CASES(5);
HANDLE_HUNDREDS_OF_CASES(100);

default:
     break;
}

如果您只想调用函数而不是构造函数，您可以创建一个函数指针数组并将变量用作该数组的索引。

Answer 2

为什么不使用 vector 保存所有 class 对象，并根据收到的数据获取对象。

  class Base{
      virtual void doSomeThing();
  }
  class A : public Base{
      virtual void doSomeThing() {
      }
  }

  class B : public Base{
      virtual void doSomeThing() {
      }
  }

  class Handler {
       vector<Base *> vet;
       void init() {
           vet.push_back(new A());
           vet.push_back(new B());
       }

       void handle(int code) {
           Base * obj = vet.get(code);
           obj->doSomeThing();
       }
  }

Answer 3

我将实例创建拆分到它自己的工厂中 class，像这样：

#include <map>
#include <cstdint>
#include <iostream>

class Interface
{
public:
    virtual ~Interface() = 0;
};
Interface::~Interface() {}

class InterfaceFactory
{
public:
    typedef Interface* (*InterfaceCreator)();
    void registerInterface(unsigned char mode , unsigned char type, InterfaceCreator creator )
    {
        int16_t key = getKey(mode, type);
        table[key] = creator;
    }
    Interface* createInterface(unsigned char mode, unsigned char type) const
    {
        int16_t key = getKey(mode, type);
        Interface* iface = nullptr;
        std::map<int16_t, InterfaceCreator>::const_iterator cit = table.find(key);
        if (cit != table.end())
            iface = (*(cit->second))();
        return iface;
    }
private:
    int16_t getKey(unsigned char mode, unsigned char type) const
    {
        int16_t key = mode;
        key <<= 8;
        key += type;
        return key;
    }
    std::map<int16_t, InterfaceCreator> table;
};

//StreamProcessor.h
class StreamProcessor {
public:
    StreamProcessor(const InterfaceFactory& fact)
        : factory(fact)
    {}
    virtual ~StreamProcessor();
    bool initHandler(unsigned char mode = 0x00, unsigned char type = 0x00);
private:
    const InterfaceFactory& factory;
    Interface* o;//in this case I’m creating an object not running a function
};

//StreamProcessor.cpp

//#include "StreamProcessor.h"

bool StreamProcessor::initHandler(unsigned char mode , unsigned char type )
{
    o = factory.createInterface(mode, type);
    return o != 0;

}

class Class2 : public Interface
{
public:
    static Interface* create()
    {
        return new Class2;
    }
};
class Class3 : public Interface
{
public:
    static Interface* create()
    {
        return new Class3;
    }
};

int main()
{
    InterfaceFactory factory;
    factory.registerInterface(0x00, 0x00, &Class2::create);
    factory.registerInterface(0x00, 0x01, &Class3::create);
    StreamProcessor sp(factory);
    if (!sp.initHandler(0x00, 0x01))
    {
        throw "Unknown interface type";
    }
    return 0;
}

如何根据变量的值运行不同的函数？

How can i run different functions depending on the value of a variable?

c++

variables

function