Rails 4 嵌套形式 has_many，通过和多个 select

Question

我对嵌套形式和 has_many 关系有疑问。商业案例：有实验室及其供应商。供应商可以在实验室之间共享。

型号

class Lab < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :lab_suppliers
  has_many :suppliers, through: :lab_suppliers
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :lab_suppliers
end

class Supplier < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :lab_suppliers
  has_many :labs, through: :lab_suppliers
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :lab_suppliers
end

class LabSupplier < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :lab
  belongs_to :supplier

  accepts_nested_attributes_for :lab
  accepts_nested_attributes_for :supplier
end

表格

<%= form_for(@lab) do |f| %>
  <div class="field">
    <%= f.label :code %><br>
    <%= f.text_field :code %>
  </div>
  <div class="field">
    <%= f.label :name %><br>
    <%= f.text_field :name %>
  </div>
  <div class"field">
    <%= fields_for :lab_suppliers do |ff| %>
      <%= ff.label :supplier_id %><br>
      <%= ff.collection_select :supplier_id, Supplier.all, :id, :name,  {include_blank: true}, {:multiple => true, :class=>""} %> 
    <% end %>
  </div>
  <div class="actions">
    <%= f.submit %>
  </div>
<% end %>

控制器

class LabsController < ApplicationController
  before_action :set_lab, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]

  # GET /labs/new
  def new
    @lab = Lab.new
    @lab.lab_suppliers.build
  end

  # POST /labs
  # POST /labs.json
  def create
    #raise params.inspect

    @lab = Lab.new(lab_params)

    @lab_supplier = @lab.lab_suppliers.new(params[:lab_suppliers])
    @lab_supplier.save
    @lab.save


    private

    def lab_params
      params.require(:lab).permit(:code, :name, lab_suppliers_attributes: [])
    end
end

提交表单后参数检查结果：

参数：

{"utf8"=>"✓",
 "authenticity_token"=>"...",
 "lab"=>{"code"=>"L01",
 "name"=>"xxx"},
 "lab_suppliers"=>{"supplier_id"=>["",
 "1",
 "3"]},
 "commit"=>"Create Lab"}

提交表单时我收到 ActiveModel::ForbiddenAttributesError 在线：

@lab_supplier = @lab.lab_suppliers.new(params[:lab_suppliers])

我缺少什么才能让它按预期工作？

Answer 1

您似乎需要明确告诉 lab_params 您需要传递 lab_suppliers 中的哪些属性，例如：

params.require(:lab).permit(:code, :name, lab_suppliers_attributes: [:supplier_id])

试试看然后告诉我。

Answer 2

Link 给其他 post 帮助我找到工作解决方案的人： [Rails nested form with multiple entries

下面我提供了工作解决方案，展示了如何将来自多个 select 的值作为嵌套属性传递并将它们插入到数据库中。

型号

class Lab < ActiveRecord::Base
   has_many :lab_suppliers#, :foreign_key => 'lab_id', dependent: :destroy
   has_many :suppliers, through: :lab_suppliers
   accepts_nested_attributes_for :lab_suppliers, :allow_destroy => true
end

class Supplier < ActiveRecord::Base
  has_many :lab_suppliers
  has_many :labs, through: :lab_suppliers
end

class LabSupplier < ActiveRecord::Base
  belongs_to :lab
  belongs_to :supplier
end

评论： accepts_nested_attributes_for 仅放在 has_many/has_one 一侧。不用放在belongs_to边

表格（实验室）

<%= form_for(@lab) do |f| %>
  <div class="field">
    <%= f.label :code %><br>
    <%= f.text_field :code %>
  </div>
  <div class="field">
    <%= f.label :name %><br>
    <%= f.text_field :name %>
  </div>
    <div class"field">
<%= f.fields_for :lab_suppliers do |ff| %>
  <%= ff.label :supplier_id %><br>
  <%= ff.collection_select :supplier_id, Supplier.all, :id, :name,  {include_blank: true}, {:multiple => true, :class=>""} %>
<% end %>

<%= f.submit %><% 结束 %>

控制器

评论：无需在供应商或 lab_suppliers 控制器

中允许任何其他参数

class LabsController < ApplicationController
  before_action :set_lab, only: [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]

def new
  @lab = Lab.new
  @lab.lab_suppliers.build
end


def create
   @lab = Lab.new(lab_params)

@startcount=1   #start counting from 1 because the first element in the array of nested params is always null
@lab.lab_suppliers.each do |m|
  #raise lab_params[:lab_suppliers_attributes]["0"][:supplier_id][@startcount].inspect
  m.supplier_id = lab_params[:lab_suppliers_attributes]["0"][:supplier_id][@startcount]
  @startcount +=1
end 

respond_to do |format|
  if @lab.save
    lab_params[:lab_suppliers_attributes]["0"][:supplier_id].drop(@startcount).each do |m|
      @lab.lab_suppliers.build(:supplier_id => lab_params[:lab_suppliers_attributes]["0"][:supplier_id][@startcount]).save
      @startcount += 1
    end
    format.html { redirect_to labs_path, notice: 'Lab was successfully created.' }
    format.json { render :show, status: :created, location: @lab }
  else
    format.html { render :new }
    format.json { render json: @lab.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
  end
end
end


    private

def lab_params
  params.require(:lab).permit(:name, :code, lab_suppliers_attributes: [supplier_id: [] ])
end
end

评论：supplier_id：lab_suppliers_attributes 中的 [] 允许传递多个下拉列表中的值数组

Rails 4 嵌套形式 has_many，通过和多个 select

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