使用 .NET Core 和 xUnit 一次针对多个框架的单元测试代码

Question

我在 .NET Core 上有一些针对 net45 和 netstandard1.6 的库，我想对它们进行单元测试。我做了 dotnet new -t xunittest 并创建了一个针对 netcoreapp1.0 的新测试项目，这样它将只测试 .NET Core 代码。

我也尝试将其编译为目标 net45 但后来我在测试发现时遇到了一系列错误。我的问题是

有没有一种方法可以用一个测试项目来测试针对两个（也许以后会更多）框架的代码，或者我应该为我所针对的每个框架制作一个测试项目？

编辑：这是我的 project.json 和我收到的消息：

{
  "version": "1.0.0-*",
  "buildOptions": {
    "debugType": "portable"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "xunit": "2.1.0"
  },
  "testRunner": "xunit",
  "frameworks": {
    "net45": {
      "frameworkAssemblies": {
        "System.Runtime": "4.0.0.0"
      }
    },
    "netcoreapp1.0": {
      "dependencies": {
        "Microsoft.NETCore.App": {
          "type": "platform",
          "version": "1.0.0"
        },
        "System.Runtime.Serialization.Primitives": "4.1.1",
        "dotnet-test-xunit": "2.2.0-preview2-build1029"
      },
      "imports": [
        "dotnet5.4",
        "portable-net451+win8"
      ]
    }
  }
}

这些是项目编译后出现的错误：

dotnet-test Error: 0 : [ReportingChannel]: Waiting for message failed System.IO.IOException: Unable to read data om the transport connection: An established connection was aborted by the software in your host machine. ---> stem.Net.Sockets.SocketException: An established connection was aborted by the software in your host machine
   at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.Receive(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size, SocketFlags socketFlags)
   at System.Net.Sockets.NetworkStream.Read(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size)
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.Net.Sockets.NetworkStream.Read(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size)
   at System.IO.Stream.ReadByte()
   at System.IO.BinaryReader.ReadByte()
   at System.IO.BinaryReader.Read7BitEncodedInt()
   at System.IO.BinaryReader.ReadString()
   at Microsoft.DotNet.Tools.Test.ReportingChannel.ReadMessages()
>dotnet-test Error: 0 : Unhandled Exception: System.IO.IOException: Unable to read data from the transport nnection: An established connection was aborted by the software in your host machine. ---> stem.Net.Sockets.SocketException: An established connection was aborted by the software in your host machine
   at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.Receive(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size, SocketFlags socketFlags)
   at System.Net.Sockets.NetworkStream.Read(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size)
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.Net.Sockets.NetworkStream.Read(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size)
   at System.IO.Stream.ReadByte()
   at System.IO.BinaryReader.ReadByte()
   at System.IO.BinaryReader.Read7BitEncodedInt()
   at System.IO.BinaryReader.ReadString()
   at Microsoft.DotNet.Tools.Test.ReportingChannel.ReadMessages()
   at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object ate)
[ReportingChannel]: Error sending System.IO.IOException: Unable to write data to the transport connection: Cannot cess a disposed object.
Object name: 'System.Net.Sockets.Socket'.. ---> System.ObjectDisposedException: Cannot access a disposed object.
Object name: 'System.Net.Sockets.Socket'.
   at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.Send(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size, SocketFlags socketFlags, cketError& errorCode)
   at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.Send(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size, SocketFlags socketFlags)
   at System.Net.Sockets.NetworkStream.Write(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size)
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.Net.Sockets.NetworkStream.Write(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size)
   at System.IO.BinaryWriter.Write7BitEncodedInt(Int32 value)
   at System.IO.BinaryWriter.Write(String value)
   at Microsoft.DotNet.Tools.Test.ReportingChannel.Send(Message message)
dotnet-test Error: 0 : System.IO.IOException: Unable to write data to the transport connection: Cannot access a sposed object.
Object name: 'System.Net.Sockets.Socket'.. ---> System.ObjectDisposedException: Cannot access a disposed object.
Object name: 'System.Net.Sockets.Socket'.
   at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.Send(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size, SocketFlags socketFlags, cketError& errorCode)
   at System.Net.Sockets.Socket.Send(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size, SocketFlags socketFlags)
   at System.Net.Sockets.NetworkStream.Write(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size)
   --- End of inner exception stack trace ---
   at System.Net.Sockets.NetworkStream.Write(Byte[] buffer, Int32 offset, Int32 size)
   at System.IO.BinaryWriter.Write7BitEncodedInt(Int32 value)
   at System.IO.BinaryWriter.Write(String value)
   at Microsoft.DotNet.Tools.Test.ReportingChannel.Send(Message message)
   at Microsoft.DotNet.Tools.Test.ReportingChannel.SendError(String error)
   at Microsoft.DotNet.Tools.Test.ReportingChannel.SendError(Exception ex)
   at Microsoft.DotNet.Tools.Test.DesignTimeRunner.HandleDesignTimeMessages(ProjectContext projectContext, tnetTestParams dotnetTestParams)
   at Microsoft.DotNet.Tools.Test.DesignTimeRunner.DoRunTests(ProjectContext projectContext, DotnetTestParams tnetTestParams)
   at Microsoft.DotNet.Tools.Test.BaseDotnetTestRunner.RunTests(ProjectContext projectContext, DotnetTestParams tnetTestParams, BuildWorkspace workspace)
   at Microsoft.DotNet.Tools.Test.TestCommand.DoRun(String[] args)

并以此行结束

========== Discover test finished: 0 found (0:00:03.0417342) ==========

虽然我知道我有一个测试（至少到目前为止）。

但是，如果我删除 net 45 引用，一切都像魅力一样，这是我的工作 project.json:

{
   "version": "1.0.0-*",
   "buildOptions": {
      "debugType": "portable"
   },
   "dependencies": {
      "System.Runtime.Serialization.Primitives": "4.1.1",
      "xunit": "2.1.0",
      "dotnet-test-xunit": "2.2.0-preview2-build1029"
   },
   "testRunner": "xunit",
   "frameworks": {
      "netcoreapp1.0": {
         "dependencies": {
            "Microsoft.NETCore.App": {
               "type": "platform",
               "version": "1.0.0"
             }
         },
         "imports": [
         "dotnet5.4",
         "portable-net451+win8"
         ]
      }
   }
}

Answer 1

根据 xUnit .NET Core docs,

You can target both net4xx and netcoreapp simply by adding both frameworks together in your project.json file. When you run dotnet test with multiple framework entries, the system will run all your framework tests, one after another.

这并不意味着您可以拥有针对不同平台（例如 .NET 4.5 项目和 .NET Core 项目）的单个测试项目参考和测试项目.但这确实意味着您可以测试针对相同集平台的项目。

例如，我有一个针对 .NET 4.5.1 和 .NET Core 的 class 库：

{
  "dependencies": {
    "NETStandard.Library": "1.6.0"
  },

  "frameworks": {
    "netstandard1.6": {},
    "net451":  {} 
  },
  "version": "1.0.0-*"
}

我可以在我的测试项目中定位 net451 和 netcoreapp1.0，并引用这个 class 库：

{
  "buildOptions": {
    "debugType": "portable"
  },
  "dependencies": {
    "xunit": "2.2.0-beta2-build3300",
    "dotnet-test-xunit": "2.2.0-preview2-build1029",
    "NetStandardClassLibrary": {
      "target": "project"
    }
  },
  "frameworks": {
    "net451": {},
    "netcoreapp1.0": {
      "dependencies": {
        "Microsoft.NETCore.App": {
          "type": "platform",
          "version": "1.0.0"
        }
      },
      "imports": [
        "dotnet5.4",
        "portable-net451+win8"
      ]
    }
  },
  "testRunner": "xunit",
  "version": "1.0.0-*"
}

当执行 dotnet test 时，测试将运行两次（每个平台目标一次）：

λ dotnet test
Project NetStandardClassLibrary (.NETStandard,Version=v1.6) was previously compiled. Skipping compilation.
Project XunitBothFrameworks (.NETCoreApp,Version=v1.0) was previously compiled. Skipping compilation.
xUnit.net .NET CLI test runner (64-bit .NET Core win81-x64)
  Discovering: XunitBothFrameworks
  Discovered:  XunitBothFrameworks
  Starting:    XunitBothFrameworks
  Finished:    XunitBothFrameworks
=== TEST EXECUTION SUMMARY ===
   XunitBothFrameworks  Total: 1, Errors: 0, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0, Time: 0.244s
Project NetStandardClassLibrary (.NETFramework,Version=v4.5.1) was previously compiled. Skipping compilation.
Project XunitBothFrameworks (.NETFramework,Version=v4.5.1) was previously compiled. Skipping compilation.
xUnit.net .NET CLI test runner (64-bit Desktop .NET win81-x64)
  Discovering: XunitBothFrameworks
  Discovered:  XunitBothFrameworks
  Starting:    XunitBothFrameworks
  Finished:    XunitBothFrameworks
=== TEST EXECUTION SUMMARY ===
   XunitBothFrameworks  Total: 1, Errors: 0, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0, Time: 0.201s
SUMMARY: Total: 2 targets, Passed: 2, Failed: 0.

当我尝试运行 Visual Studio 中的测试时，我收到了与您类似的错误消息。我认为这是一个错误，因为命令行上的 dotnet test 工作正常。

Answer 2

对我来说，下面的 project.json 工作得很好，我不需要运行来自 cmd 的测试。

{
  "version": "0.1.0-*",
  "dependencies": {
    "Moq": "4.5.22",
    "xunit": "2.2.0-beta2-build3300",
    "dotnet-test-xunit": "2.2.0-preview2-build1029",
    "IntegraPay.Domain": { "version": "1.0.0-*","target": "project" },
    "Integrapay.RegistrationApplication": { "version": "", "target": "project" }
  },
  "frameworks": {
    "netcoreapp1.0": {
      "imports": [
        "net451"
      ],
      "dependencies": {
        "Microsoft.NETCore.App": {
          "type": "platform",
          "version": "1.0.0"
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "testRunner": "xunit"
}

使用 .NET Core 和 xUnit 一次针对多个框架的单元测试代码

Unit testing code targeting several frameworks at once with .NET Core and xUnit

.net

unit-testing

xunit.net

.net-core