列出 PostgreSQL 中物化视图的授权和权限

Question

我需要确定我的数据库中的某些具体化视图当前被授予了哪些权限。

为 table 或标准视图执行此操作的查询非常简单：

SELECT grantee, string_agg(privilege_type, ', ') AS privileges
FROM information_schema.table_privileges
WHERE table_schema = 'some_schema' AND table_name = 'some_table'
GROUP by grantee;

就是说，对于物化视图似乎没有类似的 table。 PostgreSQL 在哪里存储这些信息？

Answer 1

在 Postgres system catalogs 中是关于安装和数据库的基本完整信息集。系统目录是最可靠的信息来源。 Information schema 作为一项基于系统目录的辅助功能，提供它是为了与其他 RDBM 兼容：

The information schema is defined in the SQL standard and can therefore be expected to be portable and remain stable — unlike the system catalogs, which are specific to PostgreSQL and are modeled after implementation concerns. The information schema views do not, however, contain information about PostgreSQL-specific features; to inquire about those you need to query the system catalogs or other PostgreSQL-specific views.

物化视图不是 SQL 标准对象，因此信息模式不包含有关它们的信息。

系统目录pg_class包含列relacl中的所有权限信息。

如果列是 null 那么所有者拥有所有权限。

acl 字符串中作为用户名的空字符串表示 public。

create materialized view test_view as select 1;
grant select on test_view to public;
grant delete on test_view to a_user;

select 
    coalesce(nullif(s[1], ''), 'public') as grantee, 
    s[2] as privileges
from 
    pg_class c
    join pg_namespace n on n.oid = relnamespace
    join pg_roles r on r.oid = relowner,
    unnest(coalesce(relacl::text[], format('{%s=arwdDxt/%s}', rolname, rolname)::text[])) acl, 
    regexp_split_to_array(acl, '=|/') s
where nspname = 'public' and relname = 'test_view';

 grantee  | privileges 
----------+------------
 postgres | arwdDxt
 public   | r
 a_user   | d
(3 rows)

您需要一个以可读格式显示权限的函数：

create or replace function priviliges_from_acl(text)
returns text language sql as $$
    select string_agg(privilege, ', ')
    from (
        select 
            case ch
                when 'r' then 'SELECT'
                when 'w' then 'UPDATE'
                when 'a' then 'INSERT'
                when 'd' then 'DELETE'
                when 'D' then 'TRUNCATE'
                when 'x' then 'REFERENCES'
                when 't' then 'TRIGGER'
            end privilege
        from
            regexp_split_to_table(, '') ch
    ) s 
$$;

使用：

select 
    coalesce(nullif(s[1], ''), 'public') as grantee, 
    priviliges_from_acl(s[2]) as privileges
from 
    pg_class c
    join pg_namespace n on n.oid = relnamespace
    join pg_roles r on r.oid = relowner,
    unnest(coalesce(relacl::text[], format('{%s=arwdDxt/%s}', rolname, rolname)::text[])) acl, 
    regexp_split_to_array(acl, '=|/') s
where nspname = 'public' and relname = 'test_view';

 grantee  |                          privileges                           
----------+---------------------------------------------------------------
 postgres | INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, TRUNCATE, REFERENCES, TRIGGER
 public   | SELECT
 a_user   | DELETE
(3 rows)

Answer 2

根据 klin 的有用回答，我想出了一个视图，列出了 pg_class 中出现的所有关系的所有权限的摘要（表、视图、m.views、索引、序列、外部所有角色的表、复合类型）：

CREATE VIEW show_privileges AS (
    SELECT
        grantee,
        string_agg(relname, ', ' ORDER BY relname) AS rel_names,
        privileges
    FROM (
        SELECT 
            relname,
            coalesce(nullif(s[1], ''), 'public') grantee, 
            (SELECT string_agg(privilege, ', ' ORDER BY privilege ASC)
                FROM (SELECT
                    CASE ch
                        WHEN 'r' THEN 'SELECT'
                        WHEN 'w' THEN 'UPDATE'
                        WHEN 'a' THEN 'INSERT'
                        WHEN 'd' THEN 'DELETE'
                        WHEN 'D' THEN 'TRUNCATE'
                        WHEN 'x' THEN 'REFERENCES'
                        WHEN 't' THEN 'TRIGGER'
                    END AS privilege
                    FROM regexp_split_to_table(s[2], '') ch
                ) s
            ) AS privileges
        FROM 
            pg_class
            JOIN pg_namespace ON pg_namespace.oid = relnamespace
            JOIN pg_roles ON pg_roles.oid = relowner,
            unnest(coalesce(relacl::text[], format('{%s=arwdDxt/%s}', rolname, rolname)::text[])) AS acl,
            regexp_split_to_array(acl, '=|/') AS s
        WHERE nspname = 'public'
    ) AS t
    GROUP BY grantee, privileges
    ORDER BY grantee, privileges, rel_names
);

列出 PostgreSQL 中物化视图的授权和权限

List grants and privileges for a materialized view in PostgreSQL

postgresql

privileges

materialized-views

information-schema