Error: AttributeError: 'Application' object has no attribute 'message'
Error: AttributeError: 'Application' object has no attribute 'message'
每次我在其中一个条目小部件中键入数字时，我都会收到此错误。我不知道我哪里出错了，而且我对 tkinter 还很陌生，所以它不是那么直观。当我删除 self.change_message('clear') 时，它不会将 p1 识别为浮点数，因此不会继续使用 Calc_1。有什么想法吗？
这是我的全部代码：
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import *
import math
root = Tk()
class Application(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.grid()
self.create_widgets()
def create_widgets(self):
self.title = StringVar()
self.title.set('Operator Aid: Depressurisation Rate')#~~~TITLE
self.titleField = Label(self, textvariable = self.title)
self.titleField.grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 4, stick = 'nsew')
self.pressure = Label(self, text = 'Pressure/ Bar')#~~~PRESSURE HEADING
self.pressure.grid(row = 1, column = 0, columnspan = 2, stick = 'nsew')
self.time = Label(self, text = 'Time/ Minutes')#~~~TIME HEADING
self.time.grid(row = 1, column = 2, columnspan = 2, stick = 'nsew')
self.est_tLabel = Label(self, text = 'Estimated Time at 2 Bar: ')
self.est_tLabel.grid(row = 7, column = 0, stick = 'e')
self.est_cLabel = Label(self, text = 'Estimated Category: ')
self.est_cLabel.grid(row = 8, column = 0, stick = 'e')
#~~~PRESSURE ENTRY~~~
self.p1Entry = StringVar()
self.p1Entry.set('')
self.p1Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.p1Entry)
self.p1Entry.grid(row = 2, column = 0, stick = 'nsew')
self.p2Entry = StringVar()
self.p2Entry.set('')
self.p2Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.p2Entry)
self.p2Entry.grid(row = 3, column = 0, stick = 'nsew')
self.p3Entry = StringVar()
self.p3Entry.set('')
self.p3Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.p3Entry)
self.p3Entry.grid(row = 4, column = 0, stick = 'nsew')
self.p4Entry = StringVar()
self.p4Entry.set('')
self.p4Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.p4Entry)
self.p4Entry.grid(row = 5, column = 0, stick = 'nsew')
self.p5Entry = StringVar()
self.p5Entry.set('')
self.p5Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.p5Entry)
self.p5Entry.grid(row = 6, column = 0, stick = 'nsew')
#~~~TIME ENTRY~~~
self.t1Entry = StringVar()
self.t1Entry.set('')
self.t1Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.t1Entry)
self.t1Entry.grid(row = 2, column = 2, stick = 'nsew')
self.t2Entry = StringVar()
self.t2Entry.set('')
self.t2Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.t2Entry)
self.t2Entry.grid(row = 3, column = 2, stick = 'nsew')
self.t3Entry = StringVar()
self.t3Entry.set('')
self.t3Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.t3Entry)
self.t3Entry.grid(row = 4, column = 2, stick = 'nsew')
self.t4Entry = StringVar()
self.t4Entry.set('')
self.t4Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.t4Entry)
self.t4Entry.grid(row = 5, column = 2, stick = 'nsew')
self.t5Entry = StringVar()
self.t5Entry.set('')
self.t5Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.t5Entry)
self.t5Entry.grid(row = 6, column = 2, stick = 'nsew')
#~~~ESTIMATED PRESSURE AND CATEGORY ENTRY~~~
self.est_tEntry = StringVar()
self.est_tEntry.set('')
self.est_tEntry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.est_tEntry)
self.est_tEntry.grid(row = 7, column = 1, stick = 'nsew')
self.est_cEntry = StringVar()
self.est_cEntry.set('')
self.est_cEntry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.est_cEntry)
self.est_cEntry.grid(row = 8, column = 1, stick = 'nsew')
#~~~PRESSURE BUTTONS~~~
self.p1Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitp1)
self.p1Button.grid(row = 2, column = 1, stick = 'nsew')
self.p2Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitp2)
self.p2Button.grid(row = 3, column = 1, stick = 'nsew')
self.p3Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitp3)
self.p3Button.grid(row = 4, column = 1, stick = 'nsew')
self.p4Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitp4)
self.p4Button.grid(row = 5, column = 1, stick = 'nsew')
self.p5Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitp5)
self.p5Button.grid(row = 6, column = 1, stick = 'nsew')
#~~~TIME BUTTONS~~~
self.t1Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitt1)
self.t1Button.grid(row = 2, column = 3, stick = 'nsew')
self.t2Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitt2)
self.t2Button.grid(row = 3, column = 3, stick = 'nsew')
self.t3Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitt3)
self.t3Button.grid(row = 4, column = 3, stick = 'nsew')
self.t4Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitt4)
self.t4Button.grid(row = 5, column = 3, stick = 'nsew')
self.t5Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitt5)
self.t5Button.grid(row = 6, column = 3, stick = 'nsew')
def submitp1(self):
words = self.p1Entry.get()
try:
p1 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.p1Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_1(p1)))
def submitp2(self):
words = self.p2Entry.get()
try:
p2 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.p2Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_1(p2)))
def submitp3(self):
words = self.p3Entry.get()
try:
p3 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.p3Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_2(p3)))
def submitp4(self):
words = self.p4Entry.get()
try:
p4 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.p4Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_3(p4)))
def submitp5(self):
words = self.p5Entry.get()
try:
p5 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.p5Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_4(p5)))
def submitt1(self):
words = self.t1Entry.get()
try:
t1 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.t1Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_1(t1)))
def submitt2(self):
words = self.t2Entry.get()
try:
t2 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.t2Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_1(t2)))
def submitt3(self):
words = self.t3Entry.get()
try:
t3 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.t3Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_2(t3)))
def submitt4(self):
words = self.t4Entry.get()
try:
t4 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.t4Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_3(t4)))
def submitt5(self):
words = self.t5Entry.get()
try:
t5 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.t5Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_4(t5)))
def change_message(self, status):
messages = {'error': 'I don\'t understand your input.', 'clear': ''}
self.message.set(messages[status])
return
#~~~CALCULATIONS~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
def Calc_1(self, pressure):
a1 = math.log(p1) - math.log(p2)
b1 = t2 - t1
k1 = a1/b1
p2bar = math.log(p1) - math.log(2)
t2bar = (p2bar / k1) + t1
return t2bar
def Calc_2(self, pressure):
a2 = math.log(p2) - math.log(p3)
b2 = t3 - t2
k2 = a2/b2
p2bar = math.log(p1) - math.log(2)
t2bar = (p2bar / k2) + t1#~~~CHANGE IF YOU WANT EST. TIME FROM
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~NOW RATHER THAN START
return t2bar
def Calc_3(self, pressure):
a3 = math.log(p3) - math.log(p4)
b3 = t4 - t3
k3 = a3/b3
p2bar = math.log(p3) - math.log(2)
t2bar = (p2bar / k3) + t1#~~~CHANGE IF YOU WANT EST. TIME FROM
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~NOW RATHER THAN START
return t2bar
def Calc_4(self, pressure):
a4 = math.log(p4) - math.log(p5)
b4 = t5 - t4
k4 = a4/b4
p2bar = math.log(p4) - math.log(2)
t2bar = (p2bar / k4) + t1#~~~CHANGE IF YOU WANT EST. TIME FROM
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~NOW RATHER THAN START
return t2bar
#~~~MAIN~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
def main():
app = Application()
app.master.title('Operator Aid: Depressurisation Rate')
app.mainloop()
return 0
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
在您的 change_message 方法中：
messages = {'error': 'I don\'t understand your input.', 'clear': ''}
self.message.set(messages[status])
在上面的初始化方法中：
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.grid()
self.create_widgets()
# no self.message anywhere
每次我在其中一个条目小部件中键入数字时，我都会收到此错误。我不知道我哪里出错了，而且我对 tkinter 还很陌生，所以它不是那么直观。当我删除 self.change_message('clear') 时，它不会将 p1 识别为浮点数，因此不会继续使用 Calc_1。有什么想法吗？
这是我的全部代码：
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import *
import math
root = Tk()
class Application(Frame):
def __init__(self, master = None):
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.grid()
self.create_widgets()
def create_widgets(self):
self.title = StringVar()
self.title.set('Operator Aid: Depressurisation Rate')#~~~TITLE
self.titleField = Label(self, textvariable = self.title)
self.titleField.grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 4, stick = 'nsew')
self.pressure = Label(self, text = 'Pressure/ Bar')#~~~PRESSURE HEADING
self.pressure.grid(row = 1, column = 0, columnspan = 2, stick = 'nsew')
self.time = Label(self, text = 'Time/ Minutes')#~~~TIME HEADING
self.time.grid(row = 1, column = 2, columnspan = 2, stick = 'nsew')
self.est_tLabel = Label(self, text = 'Estimated Time at 2 Bar: ')
self.est_tLabel.grid(row = 7, column = 0, stick = 'e')
self.est_cLabel = Label(self, text = 'Estimated Category: ')
self.est_cLabel.grid(row = 8, column = 0, stick = 'e')
#~~~PRESSURE ENTRY~~~
self.p1Entry = StringVar()
self.p1Entry.set('')
self.p1Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.p1Entry)
self.p1Entry.grid(row = 2, column = 0, stick = 'nsew')
self.p2Entry = StringVar()
self.p2Entry.set('')
self.p2Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.p2Entry)
self.p2Entry.grid(row = 3, column = 0, stick = 'nsew')
self.p3Entry = StringVar()
self.p3Entry.set('')
self.p3Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.p3Entry)
self.p3Entry.grid(row = 4, column = 0, stick = 'nsew')
self.p4Entry = StringVar()
self.p4Entry.set('')
self.p4Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.p4Entry)
self.p4Entry.grid(row = 5, column = 0, stick = 'nsew')
self.p5Entry = StringVar()
self.p5Entry.set('')
self.p5Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.p5Entry)
self.p5Entry.grid(row = 6, column = 0, stick = 'nsew')
#~~~TIME ENTRY~~~
self.t1Entry = StringVar()
self.t1Entry.set('')
self.t1Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.t1Entry)
self.t1Entry.grid(row = 2, column = 2, stick = 'nsew')
self.t2Entry = StringVar()
self.t2Entry.set('')
self.t2Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.t2Entry)
self.t2Entry.grid(row = 3, column = 2, stick = 'nsew')
self.t3Entry = StringVar()
self.t3Entry.set('')
self.t3Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.t3Entry)
self.t3Entry.grid(row = 4, column = 2, stick = 'nsew')
self.t4Entry = StringVar()
self.t4Entry.set('')
self.t4Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.t4Entry)
self.t4Entry.grid(row = 5, column = 2, stick = 'nsew')
self.t5Entry = StringVar()
self.t5Entry.set('')
self.t5Entry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.t5Entry)
self.t5Entry.grid(row = 6, column = 2, stick = 'nsew')
#~~~ESTIMATED PRESSURE AND CATEGORY ENTRY~~~
self.est_tEntry = StringVar()
self.est_tEntry.set('')
self.est_tEntry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.est_tEntry)
self.est_tEntry.grid(row = 7, column = 1, stick = 'nsew')
self.est_cEntry = StringVar()
self.est_cEntry.set('')
self.est_cEntry = Entry(self, textvariable = self.est_cEntry)
self.est_cEntry.grid(row = 8, column = 1, stick = 'nsew')
#~~~PRESSURE BUTTONS~~~
self.p1Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitp1)
self.p1Button.grid(row = 2, column = 1, stick = 'nsew')
self.p2Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitp2)
self.p2Button.grid(row = 3, column = 1, stick = 'nsew')
self.p3Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitp3)
self.p3Button.grid(row = 4, column = 1, stick = 'nsew')
self.p4Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitp4)
self.p4Button.grid(row = 5, column = 1, stick = 'nsew')
self.p5Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitp5)
self.p5Button.grid(row = 6, column = 1, stick = 'nsew')
#~~~TIME BUTTONS~~~
self.t1Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitt1)
self.t1Button.grid(row = 2, column = 3, stick = 'nsew')
self.t2Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitt2)
self.t2Button.grid(row = 3, column = 3, stick = 'nsew')
self.t3Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitt3)
self.t3Button.grid(row = 4, column = 3, stick = 'nsew')
self.t4Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitt4)
self.t4Button.grid(row = 5, column = 3, stick = 'nsew')
self.t5Button = Button(self, text = 'ENTER', command = self.submitt5)
self.t5Button.grid(row = 6, column = 3, stick = 'nsew')
def submitp1(self):
words = self.p1Entry.get()
try:
p1 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.p1Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_1(p1)))
def submitp2(self):
words = self.p2Entry.get()
try:
p2 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.p2Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_1(p2)))
def submitp3(self):
words = self.p3Entry.get()
try:
p3 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.p3Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_2(p3)))
def submitp4(self):
words = self.p4Entry.get()
try:
p4 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.p4Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_3(p4)))
def submitp5(self):
words = self.p5Entry.get()
try:
p5 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.p5Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_4(p5)))
def submitt1(self):
words = self.t1Entry.get()
try:
t1 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.t1Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_1(t1)))
def submitt2(self):
words = self.t2Entry.get()
try:
t2 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.t2Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_1(t2)))
def submitt3(self):
words = self.t3Entry.get()
try:
t3 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.t3Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_2(t3)))
def submitt4(self):
words = self.t4Entry.get()
try:
t4 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.t4Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_3(t4)))
def submitt5(self):
words = self.t5Entry.get()
try:
t5 = float(words)
except (ValueError, TypeError):
self.change_message('ERROR')
self.t5Entry(0, END)
return
self.change_message('clear')
self.est_tEntry.delete(0, END)
self.est_tEntry.insert(0, '%.2f' % (self.Calc_4(t5)))
def change_message(self, status):
messages = {'error': 'I don\'t understand your input.', 'clear': ''}
self.message.set(messages[status])
return
#~~~CALCULATIONS~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
def Calc_1(self, pressure):
a1 = math.log(p1) - math.log(p2)
b1 = t2 - t1
k1 = a1/b1
p2bar = math.log(p1) - math.log(2)
t2bar = (p2bar / k1) + t1
return t2bar
def Calc_2(self, pressure):
a2 = math.log(p2) - math.log(p3)
b2 = t3 - t2
k2 = a2/b2
p2bar = math.log(p1) - math.log(2)
t2bar = (p2bar / k2) + t1#~~~CHANGE IF YOU WANT EST. TIME FROM
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~NOW RATHER THAN START
return t2bar
def Calc_3(self, pressure):
a3 = math.log(p3) - math.log(p4)
b3 = t4 - t3
k3 = a3/b3
p2bar = math.log(p3) - math.log(2)
t2bar = (p2bar / k3) + t1#~~~CHANGE IF YOU WANT EST. TIME FROM
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~NOW RATHER THAN START
return t2bar
def Calc_4(self, pressure):
a4 = math.log(p4) - math.log(p5)
b4 = t5 - t4
k4 = a4/b4
p2bar = math.log(p4) - math.log(2)
t2bar = (p2bar / k4) + t1#~~~CHANGE IF YOU WANT EST. TIME FROM
#~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~NOW RATHER THAN START
return t2bar
#~~~MAIN~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
def main():
app = Application()
app.master.title('Operator Aid: Depressurisation Rate')
app.mainloop()
return 0
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
在您的 change_message 方法中：
messages = {'error': 'I don\'t understand your input.', 'clear': ''}
self.message.set(messages[status])
在上面的初始化方法中：
Frame.__init__(self, master)
self.grid()
self.create_widgets()
# no self.message anywhere