WCF http 绑定

Question

我创建了一个 wcf 服务应用程序和一个 asp.net mvc 项目（作为客户端）。我通过添加服务引用文件将我的 wcf 服务添加到我的 asp.net mvc 引用。我使用 Entity Framework 在我的 wcf 应用程序中连接数据库。我有一个 UserManagement.svc.cs 服务。这是我的 UserManagement.svc.cs 代码：

 public class UserManagement : IUserManagement
{
    iFlowEntities db = new iFlowEntities();

    public void AddRole(role role)
    {
        db.roles.Add(role);
        db.SaveChanges();
    }

    public List<role> RoleList()
    {
        List<role> roles;
        roles =  db.roles.ToList();
        return roles;
    }

}

我在 asp.net mvc 中的 RoleList() 操作中的 UserController 中使用此服务，这是该操作代码：

    public ActionResult RoleList()
    {
        IList<UserManagement.role> roles = new List<UserManagement.role>();
        roles = UserClient.RoleList();
        return View("_RoleList",roles);
    }

和 UserClient 变量在控制器主体中定义如下：UserManagement.UserManagementClient UserClient = new UserManagement.UserManagementClient();

当我运行 asp.net 项目时我得到这个错误：

An error occurred while receiving the HTTP response to http://localhost:1730/UserManagement.svc. This could be due to the service endpoint binding not using the HTTP protocol. This could also be due to an HTTP request context being aborted by the server (possibly due to the service shutting down).

我用谷歌搜索并看到了多个答案并对其进行了测试，但没有找到适合我的结果，这个答案类似于 this and this and this。

这是我的 wcf 服务配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->
    <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />
  </configSections>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="aspnet:UseTaskFriendlySynchronizationContext" value="true" />
  </appSettings>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5" />
    <httpRuntime maxRequestLength ="262144" executionTimeout="103600" targetFramework="4.5" />
  </system.web>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior>
          <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, set the values below to false before deployment -->
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" httpsGetEnabled="true" />
          <dataContractSerializer maxItemsInObjectGraph="2147483647"/>
          <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, set the value below to true.  Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing exception information -->
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <protocolMapping>
      <add binding="wsHttpBinding" scheme="https" />
    </protocolMapping>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment aspNetCompatibilityEnabled="true" multipleSiteBindingsEnabled="true" />
  </system.serviceModel>
  <system.webServer>
    <modules runAllManagedModulesForAllRequests="true" />
    <!--
        To browse web app root directory during debugging, set the value below to true.
        Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing web app folder information.
      -->
    <directoryBrowse enabled="true" />
  </system.webServer>
  <connectionStrings>
    <add name="iFlowEntities" connectionString="metadata=res://*/Model.DBContext.csdl|res://*/Model.DBContext.ssdl|res://*/Model.DBContext.msl;provider=System.Data.SqlClient;provider connection string=&quot;data source=.;initial catalog=iFlow;integrated security=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=True;App=EntityFramework&quot;" providerName="System.Data.EntityClient" />
  </connectionStrings>
  <entityFramework>
    <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.LocalDbConnectionFactory, EntityFramework">
      <parameters>
        <parameter value="v11.0" />
      </parameters>
    </defaultConnectionFactory>
    <providers>
      <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />
    </providers>
  </entityFramework>
</configuration>

已编辑：

是的，我将 DataContract 和 DataMember 添加到我的 class 和 ServiceContract 以及 OperationContract。

这是我的客户端配置文件：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!--
  For more information on how to configure your ASP.NET application, please visit
  http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=301880
  -->
<configuration>
  <configSections>
    <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->
    <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />
  </configSections>
  <appSettings>
    <add key="webpages:Version" value="3.0.0.0" />
    <add key="webpages:Enabled" value="false" />
    <add key="ClientValidationEnabled" value="true" />
    <add key="UnobtrusiveJavaScriptEnabled" value="true" />
  </appSettings>
  <system.web>
    <compilation debug="true" targetFramework="4.5" />
    <httpRuntime targetFramework="4.5" />
  </system.web>
  <runtime>
    <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Helpers" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.WebPages" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-3.0.0.0" newVersion="3.0.0.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
      <dependentAssembly>
        <assemblyIdentity name="System.Web.Mvc" publicKeyToken="31bf3856ad364e35" />
        <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-5.2.3.0" newVersion="5.2.3.0" />
      </dependentAssembly>
    </assemblyBinding>
  </runtime>
  <entityFramework>
    <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.LocalDbConnectionFactory, EntityFramework">
      <parameters>
        <parameter value="v11.0" />
      </parameters>
    </defaultConnectionFactory>
    <providers>
      <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />
    </providers>
  </entityFramework>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <bindings>
      <basicHttpBinding>
        <binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IUserManagement" />
        <binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IDepartmentManagement" />
      </basicHttpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <client>
      <endpoint address="http://localhost:1730/UserManagement.svc"
        binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_IUserManagement"
        contract="UserManagement.IUserManagement" name="BasicHttpBinding_IUserManagement" />
      <endpoint address="http://localhost:1730/DepartmentManagement.svc"
        binding="basicHttpBinding" bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_IDepartmentManagement"
        contract="DepartmentManagement.IDepartmentManagement" name="BasicHttpBinding_IDepartmentManagement" />
    </client>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

Answer 1

我认为这个问题是 Entity Framework 的事情。每当您在 WCF 服务中序列化一个实体时，它也会尝试加载子实体，而 WCF 无法序列化它们。要解决此问题，只需禁用 DbContext 构造函数中的 Proxy Creation 选项：

public class DatabaseEntities : DbContext
{
    public DatabaseEntities()
    {
        Configuration.ProxyCreationEnabled = false;
    }
}

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