Spring Boot 1.4 - TestRestTemplate 不满足依赖异常

Question

有一个非常轻的 Spring Boot 1.4 项目，生成自 start.spring.io。

正在尝试运行使用 TestRestTemplate 与 @RequestBody 进行 @RestController 的集成测试，但由于启动异常没有成功。

唯一配置class：

@SpringBootApplication
public class Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
    }
}

配置文件 application.properties 除了用于测试目的的 security.ignored=/** 外几乎什么都没有。

测试class:

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
@DataJpaTest
public class MyControllerTest {

    private Logger log = Logger.getLogger(getClass());

    @Autowired
    private TestRestTemplate restTemplate;

    @Autowired
    private TestEntityManager entityManager;

    @Before
    public void init() {

        log.info("Initializing...");
    }

    @Test
    public void addTest() throws Exception {

        log.info("MyController add test starting...");

        // restTemplate usage

        log.info("MyController add test passed");
    }
}

...但是在测试启动期间我得到以下异常：

ERROR 6504 --- [           main] o.s.test.context.TestContextManager      : Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.AutoConfigureReportTestExecutionListener@5444f1c3] to prepare test instance [com.myproject.controllers.MyControllerTest@5d2bc446]

org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'com.myproject.controllers.MyControllerTest': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'restTemplate': No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate] found for dependency [org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate]: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate] found for dependency [org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate]: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:569) ~[spring-beans-4.3.2.RELEASE.jar:4.3.2.RELEASE]
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:88) ~[spring-beans-4.3.2.RELEASE.jar:4.3.2.RELEASE]

根据 doc，不需要在任何地方配置 TestRestTemplate。但是，我已将最新的 Apache Http Client 添加到推荐的 class 路径中。

我错过了什么？

Answer 1

您正在指定 @DataJpaTest，这告诉 Spring 排除测试的 Web 上下文的任何连接。因此，没有创建 TestRestTemplate。阅读此博客以了解有关测试应用程序切片的更多详细信息：https://spring.io/blog/2016/04/15/testing-improvements-in-spring-boot-1-4#testing-application-slices

Answer 2

我遇到了类似的问题运行 Eclipse 上的主要 class 使用 Serenity BDD 测试 spring -启动。添加 spring-boot-test-autoconfigure 测试依赖项后，它开始失败。发生这种情况是因为 Eclipse 将所有内容都放在一个 classloader 中。为了修复这个错误，我创建了一个配置 class 来覆盖 spring-boot 的默认行为。此代码基于一个 spring class（范围不是 public）SpringBootTestContextCustomizer.TestRestTemplateFactory

@TestConfiguration
public class TestConfig {

    // Overriding Default Spring Boot TestRestTemplate to allow 
    // execute the main method from Eclipse (mixed Classloader) 
    @Bean
    @Primary
    public TestRestTemplate testRestTemplate(ApplicationContext context, RestTemplateBuilder templateBuilder) {
        final AbstractConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container = context.getBean(AbstractConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer.class);
        final boolean sslEnabled = container.getSsl() != null && container.getSsl().isEnabled();
        final TestRestTemplate template = new TestRestTemplate(templateBuilder.build(), null, null, sslEnabled? new HttpClientOption[]{}: new HttpClientOption[]{HttpClientOption.SSL});
        template.setUriTemplateHandler(new LocalHostUriTemplateHandler(context.getEnvironment(), sslEnabled ? "https" : "http"));
        return template;
    }
}

Spring Boot 1.4 - TestRestTemplate 不满足依赖异常

Spring Boot 1.4 - TestRestTemplate Unsatisfied dependency exception

java

spring

exception

autowired

spring-boot