在 mac 上包含 cairo R

Question

我正在尝试在 Rstudio 中使用 'Cairo' 包，使用命令 install.packages('Cairo') 它没有问题。我收到这条消息-

The downloaded binary packages are in
/var/folders/xn/c1nj85gx62b89876s15sbv9h0000gn/T//RtmpK9JM0l/downloaded_packages

包出现在包列表中，但是当我尝试使用 library(Cairo) 或 library('Cairo') 包含包时我收到此错误消息-

Error : .onLoad failed in loadNamespace() for 'Cairo', details:
  call: dyn.load(file, DLLpath = DLLpath, ...)
  error: unable to load shared object '/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library/Cairo/libs/Cairo.so':
  dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library/Cairo/libs/Cairo.so, 6): Library not loaded: /opt/X11/lib/libXrender.1.dylib
  Referenced from: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library/Cairo/libs/Cairo.so
  Reason: image not found
Error: package or namespace load failed for ‘Cairo’

sessionInfo()

R version 3.3.1 (2016-06-21)
Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin13.4.0 (64-bit)
Running under: OS X 10.11.6 (El Capitan)

locale:
[1] he_IL.UTF-8/he_IL.UTF-8/he_IL.UTF-8/C/he_IL.UTF-8/he_IL.UTF-8

attached base packages:
[1] stats4    parallel  stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods  
[9] base     

other attached packages:
[1] GenomicRanges_1.24.2 GenomeInfoDb_1.8.3   IRanges_2.6.1       
[4] S4Vectors_0.10.2     ggbio_1.20.2         BiocGenerics_0.18.0 
[7] ggplot2_2.1.0        BiocInstaller_1.22.3 shiny_0.13.2

我不确定为什么会这样，有帮助吗？谢谢！

Answer 1

您应该为 Mac 下载 X11，称为 XQuartz。它不再随 OS X 一起提供，因此您必须单独下载它：https://www.xquartz.org/

Answer 2

对于安装 XQuartz 没有解决问题的任何人：

检查错误消息中以 "Library not loaded: ..." 开头的部分。例如，在用户的问题中，错误信息包含这一行：

dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.3/Resources/library/Cairo/libs/Cairo.so, 6): Library not loaded: /opt/X11/lib/libXrender.1.dylib

注意这部分：

Library not loaded: /opt/X11/lib/libXrender.1.dylib

这是我们了解 XQuartz 的部分线索。

但是，在我的例子中，它指定未加载 libjpeg，如下所示：

Error: package or namespace load failed for ‘Cairo’:
 .onLoad failed in loadNamespace() for 'Cairo', details:
  call: dyn.load(file, DLLpath = DLLpath, ...)
  error: unable to load shared object '/usr/local/lib/R/3.5/site-library/Cairo/libs/Cairo.so':
  dlopen(/usr/local/lib/R/3.5/site-library/Cairo/libs/Cairo.so, 6): Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/jpeg/lib/libjpeg.9.dylib
  Referenced from: /usr/local/lib/R/3.5/site-library/Cairo/libs/Cairo.so
  Reason: image not found
Error: loading failed

注意这部分：

Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/jpeg/lib/libjpeg.9.dylib

要解决这个问题，我必须运行

brew unlink libjpeg; brew reinstall libjpeg

让它工作。然后我不得不为 libtiff 做同样的事情：

brew unlink libtiff; brew reinstall libtiff

修复这两个库后，运行ning install.packages("Cairo") 工作了。

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