C# XML UWP 中的序列化

Question

我正在尝试将多个列表序列化为一个唯一的 xml 文件。我的项目是一个 UWP，目前它似乎序列化了我的 3 列表，但文件显示为空。以前有用户帮我写了部分代码。我如何正确序列化它。

To execute my code only use: "project();"

我所有的代码：

using Project.Common;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Collections.ObjectModel;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
using Windows.Storage;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace Project
{
    public class All_Classes
    {
        public class List1 : BindableBase
        {
            private int _Property1;
            public int Property1
            {
                get { return _Property1; }
                set { SetProperty(ref _Property1, value); }
            }

            private bool _Property2;
            public bool Property2
            {
                get { return _Property2; }
                set { SetProperty(ref _Property2, value); }
            }

            private bool _Property3;
            public bool Property3
            {
                get { return _Property3; }
                set { SetProperty(ref _Property3, value); }
            }
        }

        public class List2 : BindableBase
        {

            private bool _Property1;
            public bool Property1
            {
                get { return _Property1; }
                set { SetProperty(ref _Property1, value); }
            }

            private bool _Property2;
            public bool Property2
            {
                get { return _Property2; }
                set { SetProperty(ref _Property2, value); }
            }
        }

        public class List3 : BindableBase
        {
            private double _Property1;
            public double Property1
            {
                get { return _Property1; }
                set { SetProperty(ref _Property1, value); }
            }

            private double _Property2;
            public double Property2
            {
                get { return _Property2; }
                set { SetProperty(ref _Property2, value); }
            }

            private double _Property3;
            public double Property3
            {
                get { return _Property3; }
                set { SetProperty(ref _Property3, value); }
            }

            private double _Property4;
            public double Property4
            {
                get { return _Property4; }
                set { SetProperty(ref _Property4, value); }
            }

        }

        public class Values_List1 : ObservableCollection<List1>
        {
        }
        public class Values_List2 : ObservableCollection<List2>
        {
        }
        public class Values_List3 : ObservableCollection<List3>
        {
        }

        public static class ApplicationServices
        {
            public static Values_List1 List1 = new Values_List1();
            public static Values_List2 List2 = new Values_List2();
            public static Values_List3 List3 = new Values_List3();

            static ApplicationServices()
            {
            }
        }

        public static void AddNewData()
        {
            ApplicationServices.List1.Add(new List1()
            {
                Property1 = 1,
                Property2 = true,
                Property3 = false,

            });

            ApplicationServices.List2.Add(new List2()
            {
                Property1 = false,
                Property2 = true,
            });

            ApplicationServices.List3.Add(new List3()
            {
                Property1 = 3.564,
                Property2 = 0.215,
                Property3 = 0.7252,
                Property4 = 23.463,
            });
        }

        public static async void SaveObjectToXml<T>(T objectToSave)
        {
            //<-----------FilePicker------------------>
            var savePicker = new Windows.Storage.Pickers.FileSavePicker();
            savePicker.SuggestedStartLocation = Windows.Storage.Pickers.PickerLocationId.DocumentsLibrary;
            savePicker.FileTypeChoices.Add("New File", new List<string>() { ".xml" });
            savePicker.SuggestedFileName = "New File";
            StorageFile newfile = await savePicker.PickSaveFileAsync();
            //<-----------FilePicker------------------>
            //<----------------Serializacion------------------>

            var serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(T));

            Stream stream = await newfile.OpenStreamForWriteAsync();


            using (stream)
            {
                serializer.Serialize(stream, objectToSave);
            }
            //<----------------Serializacion------------------>

        }

        public class myCompoundClass
        {
            public List1 List1 { get; set; }
            public List2 List2 { get; set; }
            public List3 List3 { get; set; }
        }

        public static void project()
        {
            myCompoundClass new_instance = new myCompoundClass();
            AddNewData();
            SaveObjectToXml(new_instance);
        }

    }
}

I wanna get something similar to this:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Root xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <List1>
    <Property1>1</Property1>
    <Property2>true</Property2>
    <Property3>false</Property3>
    <ToAcero>0.1</ToAcero>
  </List1>
  <List2>
    <Property1>true</Property1>
    <Property2>true</Property2>
  </List2>
  <List3>
    <Property1>3.564</Property1>
    <Property2>0.215</Property2>
    <Property3>0.7252</Property3>
    <Property4>23.463</Property4>
  </List3>
</Root>

感谢任何帮助。

Answer 1

您从未在 myCompoundClass:

中设置任何属性值 List1 或 List2 或 List3

        myCompoundClass new_instance = new myCompoundClass();
        AddNewData();
        // new_instance was not passed to AddNewData and so its properties have their default values of null.
        SaveObjectToXml(new_instance);

因此它的所有属性仍将是 null。这就是为什么您的 XML 文件是空的。在序列化之前，您需要将数据从 static class ApplicationServices 移动到 new_instance。

更新

你问，如何用 ApplicationServices 填充 "new_instance"？你的问题是你想序列化你的 ApplicationServices class但它是静态的 class，因此不能按原样序列化。我的建议是：

重命名您的类型。您有 List1 等 而非列表 的类型。我建议如下：

public class Values1 : BindableBase // Formerly List1
{
    // Contents unchanged
}

public class Values2 : BindableBase // Formerly List2
{
    // Contents unchanged
}

public class Values3 : BindableBase // Formerly List3
{
    // Contents unchanged
}

public class Values1List : ObservableCollection<Values1>
{
}
public class Values2List : ObservableCollection<Values2>
{
}
public class Values3List : ObservableCollection<Values3>
{
}

您现有的命名约定在区分什么是集合和不是集合方面具有误导性。

此外，我建议您不要将它们嵌套在All_Classes class 中。这样做会增加复杂性而不是清晰度。

将静态值列表设为只读：

public static class ApplicationServices
{
    public static readonly Values1List List1 = new Values1List();
    public static readonly Values2List List2 = new Values2List();
    public static readonly Values3List List3 = new Values3List();

    static ApplicationServices()
    {
    }
}

由于不能序列化静态类型，引入如下数据传输对象进行序列化：
```
[XmlRoot("Root")]
public class ApplicationServicesDTO
{
    [XmlElement]
    public Values1List List1 { get { return ApplicationServices.List1; } }

    [XmlElement]
    public Values2List List2 { get { return ApplicationServices.List2; } }

    [XmlElement]
    public Values3List List3 { get { return ApplicationServices.List3; } }
}
```
一些注意事项：
- 请注意，List 属性是只读的。一般XmlSerializer不会序列化get-only属性，但是会在预分配集合时序列化get-only 集合属性。
- [XmlRoot("Root")] 指示该类型应使用名为 <Root>.
- [XmlElement] 应用于集合属性表示集合应该被序列化为没有外部容器元素的重复元素序列。

现在您将能够做到：

var new_instance = new ApplicationServicesDTO();

您的静态列表将以您想要的 XML 格式序列化。

请注意，如果您稍后想要反序列化您的 XML，您可能需要先清除 ApplicationServices 中预先存在的列表。有关解释，请参阅。

C# XML UWP 中的序列化

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