Bearer 被 IdentityServer4 中的授权过滤器禁止

Question

在测试 IdentityServer4 with AspNetAuthorization 教程时，我添加了一个简单的 [Authorize(Roles = "Administrator")]，从那以后我得到了这个错误：

AuthenticationScheme: Bearer was forbidden.

我的用户有这样的声明： new Claim(ClaimTypes.Role, "Administrator", ClaimValueTypes.String).

在ConfigureServices方法中：

 services.AddAuthorization(options =>
        {
            options.AddPolicy("AdministratorOnly", policy => policy.RequireRole("Administrator"));
        });

        services.AddMvc(config =>
        {
            var policy = new AuthorizationPolicyBuilder()
                        .RequireAuthenticatedUser()
                        .Build();

            config.Filters.Add(new AuthorizeFilter(policy));
        });

在Configure方法中：

   app.UseIdentityServerAuthentication(new IdentityServerAuthenticationOptions()
        {
            Authority = "http://localhost:5000",
            ScopeName = "openid",
            AutomaticAuthenticate = true,
            AutomaticChallenge = true,
            RequireHttpsMetadata = false,
        });

调试输出：

Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Internal.ControllerActionInvoker: Debug: Executing action LearningEntityServer4.OAuth.ValuesController.Get (LearningEntityServer4.OAuth)
Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.DefaultAuthorizationService: Information: Authorization was successful for user: myuser.
Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.DefaultAuthorizationService: Information: Authorization failed for user: myuser.
Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Internal.ControllerActionInvoker: Warning: Authorization failed for the request at filter 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Authorization.AuthorizeFilter'.
Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ChallengeResult: Information: Executing ChallengeResult with authentication schemes ().
Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.JwtBearer.JwtBearerMiddleware: Information: AuthenticationScheme: Bearer was forbidden.

我在配置中遗漏了什么？

PS：我已经检查过所以 post 没有成功。

Answer 1

根据附加资源，您实际上应该将策略名称放在授权属性中，就像这样 [Authorize("AdministratorOnly")]。

https://damienbod.com/2016/02/14/authorization-policies-and-data-protection-with-identityserver4-in-asp-net-core/

Answer 2

我终于抽出时间写下声明世界中角色检查如何工作的内部原理：

https://leastprivilege.com/2016/08/21/why-does-my-authorize-attribute-not-work/

简而言之 - 确保您用于角色的声明类型与您的 ClaimsIdentity 上的 RoleClaimType 相匹配。或者在您的策略中将 RequireRole 替换为 RequireClaim 并使用正确的类型。

Answer 3

事实上，我在阅读@leastprivilege 详细回答之前解决了我的问题。

问题出在声明类型的命名上，

我更改了以下内容：

new Claim(ClaimTypes.Role, "Administrator");

对此：

new Claim(JwtClaimTypes.Role, "Administrator");

并且授权有效。那是因为它们之间的基础字符串值不同，我的配置期望 "role" 一个：

ClaimTypes.Role => "http://schemas.microsoft.com/ws/2008/06/identity/claims/role"
JwtClaimTypes.Role => "role"

或者根据他的回答可以做到这一点：

app.UseIdentityServerAuthentication(new IdentityServerAuthenticationOptions()
    {
        Authority = "http://localhost:5000",
        ScopeName = "scope",
        ScopeSecret = "secret",
        AutomaticAuthenticate = true,
        AutomaticChallenge = true,
        RequireHttpsMetadata = false,

        RoleClaimType = "role"

    });

其背后的详细原因，请阅读@leastprivilege 的回答

Bearer 被 IdentityServer4 中的授权过滤器禁止

Bearer was forbidden with Authorize filter in IdentityServer4

c#

authentication

authorization

asp.net-core

identityserver4