在 ggplot2 中手动向 x 轴和 y 轴添加中断

Question

我通常使用 scale_y_continuous（或 scale_x_continuous）更改 ggplot2 中连续变量的刻度分隔符。我通常还使用 coord_cartesian(xlim=)（或 ylim= 用于 y 轴）设置轴限制。一切正常，如下所示：

#Some example data
set.seed(100)
b<-sample(1:10, 10)
a<-sample(1:10, 10)

df<-data.frame(a,b)

#Graph without scales set (just default)
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(data=df, aes(a,b))+
  theme_bw() + theme(panel.border = element_rect(colour = "black", fill=NA, size=1), 
                     panel.grid.major = element_blank(), 
                     panel.grid.minor = element_blank(), 
                     axis.line = element_line(colour = "black"))+
  geom_text(aes(label=rownames(df)), color="black")

生成以下具有默认比例的绘图：

如果我想将 x 轴调整为 1-13（即从 1 开始到 13 结束的 13 个刻度线），我将执行以下操作：

ggplot(data=df, aes(a,b))+
  theme_bw() + theme(panel.border = element_rect(colour = "black", fill=NA, size=1), 
                     panel.grid.major = element_blank(), 
                     panel.grid.minor = element_blank(), 
                     axis.line = element_line(colour = "black"))+
  geom_text(aes(label=rownames(df)), color="black")+
  scale_x_continuous(breaks = c(1,3,5,7,9,11,13))+
  coord_cartesian(xlim=c(0, 13))

...对于 y 轴...

ggplot(data=df, aes(a,b))+
  theme_bw() + theme(panel.border = element_rect(colour = "black", fill=NA, size=1), 
                     panel.grid.major = element_blank(), 
                     panel.grid.minor = element_blank(), 
                     axis.line = element_line(colour = "black"))+
  geom_text(aes(label=rownames(df)), color="black")+
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = c(1,3,5,7,9,11,13))+
  coord_cartesian(ylim=c(0, 13))

但是，当我尝试同时对两个轴进行完全相同的比例调整时，输出并没有产生我所期望的结果（x 轴和 y 轴上都是 1-13）。

ggplot(data=df, aes(a,b))+
  theme_bw() + theme(panel.border = element_rect(colour = "black", fill=NA, size=1), 
                     panel.grid.major = element_blank(), 
                     panel.grid.minor = element_blank(), 
                     axis.line = element_line(colour = "black"))+
  geom_text(aes(label=rownames(df)), color="black")+
  scale_y_continuous(breaks = c(1,3,5,7,9,11,13))+
  coord_cartesian(ylim=c(0, 13))+
  scale_x_continuous(breaks = c(1,3,5,7,9,11,13))+
  coord_cartesian(xlim=c(0, 13))

如您所见，即使向两个轴传递了完全相同的代码，x 轴和 y 轴也不等效。我不明白为什么。非常感谢任何帮助。

Answer 1

set.seed(100)
df <- data.frame(b = sample(1:10, 10), a = sample(1:10, 10))    


ggplot(data=df, aes(a,b))+
theme_bw() + theme(panel.border = element_rect(colour = "black", fill=NA, size=1), 
                   panel.grid.major = element_blank(), 
                   panel.grid.minor = element_blank(), 
                   axis.line = element_line(colour = "black")) +
geom_text(aes(label=rownames(df)), color="black") +
scale_y_continuous(breaks = c(1,3,5,7,9,11,13)) +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = c(1,3,5,7,9,11,13)) +
coord_fixed(ylim=c(0, 13),xlim=c(0, 13))

Answer 2

scale_*_continuous 函数有一个 limits 参数，您可以使用它来代替 coord_cartesian:

ggplot(data=df, aes(a,b))+
    theme_bw() + theme(panel.border = element_rect(colour = "black", fill=NA, size=1), 
                       panel.grid.major = element_blank(), 
                       panel.grid.minor = element_blank(), 
                       axis.line = element_line(colour = "black"))+
    geom_text(aes(label=rownames(df)), color="black")+
    scale_y_continuous(breaks = c(1,3,5,7,9,11,13), limits = c(0, 13)) +
    scale_x_continuous(breaks = c(1,3,5,7,9,11,13), limits = c(0, 13))

...或者如果您坚持使用 coord_cartesian 来完成，请一次调用完成。否则它会裁剪您的图形然后再次裁剪它，这就是导致问题的原因。

ggplot(data=df, aes(a,b))+
    theme_bw() + theme(panel.border = element_rect(colour = "black", fill=NA, size=1), 
                       panel.grid.major = element_blank(), 
                       panel.grid.minor = element_blank(), 
                       axis.line = element_line(colour = "black"))+
    geom_text(aes(label=rownames(df)), color="black")+
    scale_y_continuous(breaks = c(1,3,5,7,9,11,13))+
    scale_x_continuous(breaks = c(1,3,5,7,9,11,13))+
    coord_cartesian(xlim=c(0, 13), ylim = c(0, 13))
# returns the same thing

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