配置文件 'appsettings.json' 未找到并且不是可选的

The configuration file 'appsettings.json' was not found and is not optional

Azure 错误是:

.Net Core: Application startup exception: System.IO.FileNotFoundException: The configuration file 'appsettings.json' was not found and is not optional.

所以这有点含糊。我似乎无法确定这一点。我正在尝试将 .Net Core Web API 项目部署到 Azure,但出现此错误:

:( Oops. 500 Internal Server Error An error occurred while starting the application.

我已经部署了普通的老式 .Net WebAPI,它们运行良好。我已经按照在线教程进行操作,并且它们已经奏效了。但不知何故我的项目坏了。在 Web.config 上启用 stdoutLogEnabled 并查看 Azure 流式处理日志给我这样的信息:

2016-08-26T02:55:12  Welcome, you are now connected to log-streaming service.
Application startup exception: System.IO.FileNotFoundException: The configuration file 'appsettings.json' was not found and is not optional.
   at Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.FileConfigurationProvider.Load(Boolean reload)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.FileConfigurationProvider.Load()
   at Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.ConfigurationRoot..ctor(IList`1 providers)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.ConfigurationBuilder.Build()
   at Quanta.API.Startup..ctor(IHostingEnvironment env) in D:\Source\Workspaces\Quanta\src\Quanta.API\Startup.cs:line 50
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at Microsoft.Extensions.Internal.ActivatorUtilities.ConstructorMatcher.CreateInstance(IServiceProvider provider)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.Internal.ActivatorUtilities.CreateInstance(IServiceProvider provider, Type instanceType, Object[] parameters)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.Internal.ActivatorUtilities.GetServiceOrCreateInstance(IServiceProvider provider, Type type)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ActivatorUtilities.GetServiceOrCreateInstance(IServiceProvider provider, Type type)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.StartupLoader.LoadMethods(IServiceProvider services, Type startupType, String environmentName)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.WebHostBuilderExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass1_0.<UseStartup>b__1(IServiceProvider sp)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceLookup.FactoryService.Invoke(ServiceProvider provider)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider.ScopedCallSite.Invoke(ServiceProvider provider)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider.SingletonCallSite.Invoke(ServiceProvider provider)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider.<>c__DisplayClass12_0.<RealizeService>b__0(ServiceProvider provider)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProvider.GetService(Type serviceType)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProviderServiceExtensions.GetRequiredService(IServiceProvider provider, Type serviceType)
   at Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection.ServiceProviderServiceExtensions.GetRequiredService[T](IServiceProvider provider)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost.EnsureStartup()
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost.EnsureApplicationServices()
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal.WebHost.BuildApplication()
Hosting environment: Production
Content root path: D:\home\site\wwwroot
Now listening on: http://localhost:30261
Application started. Press Ctrl+C to shut down.

好的,这看起来很简单。它找不到 appsettings.json。查看我的配置 ( startup.cs ) 它似乎定义得很好。我的启动看起来像这样:

public class Startup
{
    private static string _applicationPath = string.Empty;
    private static string _contentRootPath = string.Empty;
    public IConfigurationRoot Configuration { get; set; }
    public Startup(IHostingEnvironment env)
    {
        _applicationPath = env.WebRootPath;
        _contentRootPath = env.ContentRootPath;
        // Setup configuration sources.

        var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
            .SetBasePath(_contentRootPath)
            .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json")
            .AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{env.EnvironmentName}.json", optional: true);

        if (env.IsDevelopment())
        {
            // This reads the configuration keys from the secret store.
            // For more details on using the user secret store see http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=532709
            builder.AddUserSecrets();
        }

        builder.AddEnvironmentVariables();
        Configuration = builder.Build();
    }
    private string GetXmlCommentsPath()
    {
        var app = PlatformServices.Default.Application;
        return System.IO.Path.Combine(app.ApplicationBasePath, "Quanta.API.xml");
    }

    // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
    // For more information on how to configure your application, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=398940
    public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {
        var pathToDoc = GetXmlCommentsPath();


        services.AddDbContext<QuantaContext>(options =>
            options.UseSqlServer(Configuration["Data:DefaultConnection:ConnectionString"],
            b => b.MigrationsAssembly("Quanta.API")));

        //Swagger
        services.AddSwaggerGen();
        services.ConfigureSwaggerGen(options =>
        {
            options.SingleApiVersion(new Info
            {
                Version = "v1",
                Title = "Project Quanta API",
                Description = "Quant.API",
                TermsOfService = "None"
            });
            options.IncludeXmlComments(pathToDoc);
            options.DescribeAllEnumsAsStrings();
        });

        // Repositories
        services.AddScoped<ICheckListRepository, CheckListRepository>();
        services.AddScoped<ICheckListItemRepository, CheckListItemRepository>();
        services.AddScoped<IClientRepository, ClientRepository>();
        services.AddScoped<IDocumentRepository, DocumentRepository>();
        services.AddScoped<IDocumentTypeRepository, DocumentTypeRepository>();
        services.AddScoped<IProjectRepository, ProjectRepository>();
        services.AddScoped<IProtocolRepository, ProtocolRepository>();
        services.AddScoped<IReviewRecordRepository, ReviewRecordRepository>();
        services.AddScoped<IReviewSetRepository, ReviewSetRepository>();
        services.AddScoped<ISiteRepository, SiteRepository>();

        // Automapper Configuration
        AutoMapperConfiguration.Configure();

        // Enable Cors
        services.AddCors();

        // Add MVC services to the services container.
        services.AddMvc()
            .AddJsonOptions(opts =>
            {
                // Force Camel Case to JSON
                opts.SerializerSettings.ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver();
            });
    }

    // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
    public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app)
    {
        app.UseStaticFiles();
        // Add MVC to the request pipeline.
        app.UseCors(builder =>
            builder.AllowAnyOrigin()
            .AllowAnyHeader()
            .AllowAnyMethod());

        app.UseExceptionHandler(
          builder =>
          {
              builder.Run(
                async context =>
                {
                    context.Response.StatusCode = (int)HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError;
                    context.Response.Headers.Add("Access-Control-Allow-Origin", "*");

                    var error = context.Features.Get<IExceptionHandlerFeature>();
                    if (error != null)
                    {
                        context.Response.AddApplicationError(error.Error.Message);
                        await context.Response.WriteAsync(error.Error.Message).ConfigureAwait(false);
                    }
                });
          });

        app.UseMvc(routes =>
        {
            routes.MapRoute(
                name: "default",
                template: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");

            // Uncomment the following line to add a route for porting Web API 2 controllers.
            //routes.MapWebApiRoute("DefaultApi", "api/{controller}/{id?}");
        });


        //Ensure DB is created, and latest migration applied. Then seed.
        using (var serviceScope = app.ApplicationServices
          .GetRequiredService<IServiceScopeFactory>()
          .CreateScope())
        {
            QuantaContext dbContext = serviceScope.ServiceProvider.GetService<QuantaContext>();
            dbContext.Database.Migrate();
            QuantaDbInitializer.Initialize(dbContext);
        }


        app.UseSwagger();
        app.UseSwaggerUi();


    }
}

这在本地工作正常。但是一旦我们发布到 Azure,就会失败。我不知所措。我已经创建了部署到 Azure 的新 .Net 核心项目。但是我投入所有时间的这个项目似乎失败了。我正准备将无法 运行 的项目中的代码复制并粘贴到新项目中,但我真的很好奇是什么破坏了它。

有什么想法吗?

编辑: 所以我的 Program.cs 是:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;

namespace Quanta.API
{
    public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var host = new WebHostBuilder()
                .UseKestrel()
                .UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory())
                .UseIISIntegration()
                .UseStartup<Startup>()
                .Build();

            host.Run();
        }
    }
}

编辑2: Per Frans,我检查了 publishOptions。它是:

"publishOptions": {
"include": [
  "wwwroot",
  "web.config"
]

我从一个工作项目中获取了一个 publishOptions 并将其更改为:

 "publishOptions": {
  "include": [
    "wwwroot",
    "Views",
    "Areas/**/Views",
    "appsettings.json",
    "web.config"
  ]
  },

它仍然给出了 500 错误,但它没有给出堆栈跟踪说明它可以加载 appsettings.json。现在它正在抱怨与 SQL 的连接。我注意到很多 RC1 博客文章中都提到了我的 SQL 连接字符串代码。 .Net Core 的 RC2 改变了它。所以我将其更新为:

  "Data": {
    "ConnectionStrings": {
      "DefaultConnection": "Server=(localdb)\MSSQLLocalDB;Database=QuantaDb;Trusted_Connection=True;MultipleActiveResultSets=true"
    }
  },

并将我的启动更改为:

 services.AddDbContext<QuantaContext>(options =>
        options.UseSqlServer(Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection"),
        b => b.MigrationsAssembly("Quanta.API")));

终于成功了。

我一定是遵循了一个较早的 RC1 示例,但没有意识到。

检查 project.json 中的 publishOptions 并确保 "include" 部分包含 "appsettings.json"。 他们更改了 RTM 中的发布模型,要求您指定要从编译目录复制到 Web 文件夹的所有内容。

编辑:请参阅下面的 Jensdc 回答,了解如何在 project.json 被杀后使用 .csproj 执行此操作。

在你的project.json

确保您已将 appsettings.json 作为 copyToOutput

"buildOptions": {
   "emitEntryPoint": true,
   "preserveCompilationContext": true,
   "copyToOutput": {
     "include": [ "appsettings.json" ]
   }
 },

在后来的 .net 核心版本中,使用 *.csproj 文件代替 project.json 文件。

您可以修改文件以获得所需的结果,方法是添加:

   <ItemGroup>
      <Content Update="appsettings.json">
        <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
      </Content>
   </ItemGroup>

您无需添加 .json 文件即可发布选项。 只是它在错误的路径中查找文件。

设置基本路径,然后添加 json 文件即可。

 public Startup(IHostingEnvironment environment)
    {
        var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
            .SetBasePath(environment.ContentRootPath)
            .AddJsonFile("TestJson.json");

        Configuration = builder.Build();
    }

此处,启动构造函数是使用 HostingEnviornment 构建的,基本路径设置为当前根路径。 它会起作用的!

对我来说,解决的问题是设置在输出目录(Build 目录)中包含 appsettings.json via interface,如下所示:

在我的例子中,文件 appsettings.json 存在于项目文件夹中,但它被设置为 Do not copy,我将设置更改为 Copy always(见下图)。它对我有用。

它会自动将以下 XML 添加到您的 project.csproj 文件中:

<ItemGroup>
    <Content Update="appsettings.json">
      <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
    </Content>
</ItemGroup>

我看过其他答案,project.json 已经死了,正如 answer 所说。

对我来说,我收到此错误是因为 JSON 文件语法错误(拼写错误:删除逗号)。

默认情况下,appsettings.json 的 属性 "Copy to Output Directory" 设置为我认为正确的 "Do not Copy"。

对我来说,错误是使用 Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()。这在本地 运行 工作正常,但在生产服务器上,当程序从 Powershell 启动时它失败了。替换为 Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().Location,一切正常。

完整代码:

var builder = new ConfigurationBuilder()
        .SetBasePath(Path.GetDirectoryName(Assembly.GetEntryAssembly().Location))
        .AddJsonFile("appsettings.json");

var configuration = builder.Build();

我在 Visual Studio 2019 年发布我的 Azure 函数时最终来到这里。我在尝试使用 appSettings.json 文件将我的函数发布到门户时遇到此错误。它正在将 appSettings.json 复制到 output 目录而不是 publish 目录。我必须将下面的行添加到 azure 函数项目的 .csproj 中。

<CopyToPublishDirectory>Always</CopyToPublishDirectory>

所以我的 .csproj 如下所示:

<ItemGroup>
<None Update="host.json">
  <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</None>
<None Update="appsettings.json">
  <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
  <CopyToPublishDirectory>Always</CopyToPublishDirectory>
</None>
<None Update="local.settings.json">
  <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</None>

此答案适用于...有人试图在 VS Code 上进行调试,但 appsettings.json 未被选中。我尝试在 Visual Studio 中调试相同的解决方案,它成功了。 另外,我能够访问环境变量。应用版本:Core 2.2.

我删除了 .vscode 文件夹并再次调试,它成功了。

对我有用的是将 appsettings.json 上的 复制到输出目录 属性 更改为 如果较新则复制.

在使用 .net core 3 时遇到同样的问题,这是有效的。

<None Update="appsettings.json">
    <CopyToOutputDirectory>PreserveNewest</CopyToOutputDirectory>
</None>

希望这是好的

当应用程序从网络共享 运行 时,我遇到了同样的错误。它甚至试图在用户的桌面上找到 appsettings.json 文件。

我最终将路径与可执行位置结合起来,如下所示:

configuration
  .AddJsonFile(Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "appsettings.json"), optional: false, reloadOnChange: false)
  .AddJsonFile(Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, $"appsettings.{env.EnvironmentName}.json"), optional: true, reloadOnChange: false);

对我来说,问题是 appsettings.json 文件被隐藏了。我不知道它是如何被隐藏的,但 .netcore ConfiguraitonFileProvider 会检查隐藏文件,如果它们被隐藏,则不会加载它们。