AutoMapper 异常：缺少类型映射配置或不支持的映射

Question

我在 ASP.NET WEB API 中使用 Ninject 和 AutoMapper 将服务模型映射到实体模型。在此，我试图首先将 'NewUser' 服务模型映射到 'User' 实体模型并将 'NewUser' 排序到数据库，最后将新存储的数据映射到 'User' 服务模型。这是 NinjectDependencyResolver class:

public sealed class NinjectDipendencyResolver :IDependencyResolver 
    {
        private readonly IKernel _container;

        public NinjectDipendencyResolver(IKernel contanier)
        {
            _container = contanier;
        }

        public IKernel Container
        {
            get { return _container; }
        }
        public object GetService(Type servicetType)
        {
            return _container.TryGet(servicetType);
        }
        public  IEnumerable<object> GetServices(Type ServiceType)
        {
            return _container.GetAll(ServiceType);
        }
        public IDependencyScope BeginScope()
        {
            return this;
        } 
        public void Dispose()
        {
            GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
        }
    }

以下是 NewUser 到 User 实体和 User 实体到 User 服务模型映射实现：

Mapper.Initialize(cfg => cfg.CreateMap<Models.NewUser, Data.Entities.User>()
        .ForMember(m => m.UserId, i => i.Ignore())
                .ForMember(m => m.AuthKey, i => i.Ignore())
                .ForMember(m => m.DisabledDate, i => i.Ignore())
                .ForMember(m => m.JoinedDate, i => i.Ignore())
                .ForMember(m => m.LastSeen, i => i.Ignore())
                .ForMember(m => m.Version, i => i.Ignore())
                .ForMember(m => m.Goals, i => i.Ignore()));
Mapper.Initialize(cfg => cfg.CreateMap<Data.Entities.User, Models.User>()
            .ForMember(m => m.Links, i => i.Ignore())
            .ForMember(m => m.Goals, i => i.MapFrom(j => Mapper.Map<ICollection<Data.Entities.Goal>, List<Models.Goal>>(j.Goals)))
            .ReverseMap()
            .ForMember(m => m.Goals, i => i.MapFrom(j => Mapper.Map<List<Models.Goal>, ICollection<Data.Entities.Goal>>(j.Goals)))
            .ForMember(m => m.Version, i => i.Ignore()));

这里是 NinjectConfigurator class，我在这里将所有映射配置为单个 IAutoMapperTypeConfigurator:

    public class NinjectConfigurator
        {
            public void Configure(IKernel container)
            {
                AddBindings(container);
            }
            private void AddBindings(IKernel container)
            {
                ConfigureUnitOfWork(container);
                ConfigureAutoMapper(container);
            }
            private void ConfigureUnitOfWork(IKernel container)
            {
                var unitOfWork = new UnitOfWork(new AppTestDBContext());
                container.Bind<IUnitOfWork>().ToConstant(unitOfWork);
            }
            private void ConfigureAutoMapper(IKernel container)
            {
                container.Bind<IAutoMapper>()
                            .To<AutoMapperAdapter>()
                            .InSingletonScope();
                container.Bind<IAutoMapperTypeConfigurator>()
                            .To<NewUserMapper>()
                            .InSingletonScope();
                container.Bind<IAutoMapperTypeConfigurator>()
                            .To<UserMapper>()
                            .InSingletonScope();
            }
}

和 AutoMapperConfigurator 我一次性配置映射的地方：

public class AutoMapperConfigurator
    {
        public void Configure(IEnumerable<IAutoMapperTypeConfigurator> autoMapperTypeConfigurations)
        {
            autoMapperTypeConfigurations.ToList().ForEach(m => m.Configure());
            Mapper.AssertConfigurationIsValid();
        }
    }

这里是我的 Global.ascx.cs，我在 Application_Start 上配置映射：

protected void Application_Start()
        {
            GlobalConfiguration.Configure(WebApiConfig.Register);
            new AutoMapperConfigurator().Configure(
                WebContainerManager.GetAll<IAutoMapperTypeConfigurator>());
        }

控制器操作：

public async Task<IHttpActionResult> Post(NewUser newUser)
        {
            var createdUser = _iUserMaintenanceProcessor.Add(newUser);
            if (createdUser != null)
            {
                return Ok(createdUser);
            }
            else
                return NotFound();
        }

和

public Models.User Add(NewUser newUser)
        {
            var userEntity = _autoMapper.Map<Data.Entities.User>(newUser);
            _unitOfWork.User.Add(userEntity);
            var user = _autoMapper.Map<Models.User>(userEntity);
            return user;
        }

问题是每当我通过 fiddler 调用 Api 的 Post 方法时，它都会抛出以下异常：

{"Message":"An error has occurred.","ExceptionMessage":"Missing type map configuration or unsupported mapping.\r\n\r\nMapping types:\r\nNewUser -> User\r\nTestApp.Web.Api.Models.NewUser -> TestApp.Data.Entities.User","ExceptionType":"AutoMapper.AutoMapperMappingException"}

请帮我找出原因。

更新： 我尝试在 mathod 本身上添加初始化映射并且它起作用了。看起来映射正在 Application_Start 上初始化，但如上所述我已经初始化了映射。这是正在运行的更新方法：

public Models.User Add(NewUser newUser)
        {
            Mapper.Initialize(cfg => cfg.CreateMap<Models.NewUser, Data.Entities.User>()
            .ForMember(m => m.UserId, i => i.Ignore())
                    .ForMember(m => m.AuthKey, i => i.Ignore())
                    .ForMember(m => m.DisabledDate, i => i.Ignore())
                    .ForMember(m => m.JoinedDate, i => i.Ignore())
                    .ForMember(m => m.LastSeen, i => i.Ignore())
                    .ForMember(m => m.Version, i => i.Ignore())
                    .ForMember(m => m.Goals, i => i.Ignore()));
            var userEntity = _autoMapper.Map<Data.Entities.User>(newUser);
            _unitOfWork.User.Add(userEntity);
            Mapper.Initialize(cfg => cfg.CreateMap<Data.Entities.User, Models.User>()
            .ForMember(m => m.Links, i => i.Ignore())
            .ForMember(m => m.Goals, i => i.MapFrom(j => Mapper.Map<ICollection<Data.Entities.Goal>, List<Models.Goal>>(j.Goals)))
            .ReverseMap()
            .ForMember(m => m.Goals, i => i.MapFrom(j => Mapper.Map<List<Models.Goal>, ICollection<Data.Entities.Goal>>(j.Goals)))
            .ForMember(m => m.Version, i => i.Ignore()));
            var user = _autoMapper.Map<Models.User>(userEntity);
            return user;
        }

Answer 1

您只能运行初始化方法一次。所以我建议你做的是改变代码如下：

更改 IAutoMapperTypeConfigurator 接口以进行配置属性

public interface IAutoMapperTypeConfigurator
{
    void Configure(IMapperConfigurationExpression configuration);
}

更改映射器以使用此配置属性

public void Configure(IMapperConfigurationExpression configuration)
{
    configuration.CreateMap<Models.NewUser, Data.Entities.User>()
    .ForMember(m => m.UserId, i => i.Ignore())
            .ForMember(m => m.AuthKey, i => i.Ignore())
            .ForMember(m => m.DisabledDate, i => i.Ignore())
            .ForMember(m => m.JoinedDate, i => i.Ignore())
            .ForMember(m => m.LastSeen, i => i.Ignore())
            .ForMember(m => m.Version, i => i.Ignore())
            .ForMember(m => m.Goals, i => i.Ignore());
}

在 AutoMapperConfiguration 中将方法更改为运行仅初始化一次

public void Configure(IEnumerable<IAutoMapperTypeConfigurator> autoMapperTypeConfigurations)
{
    Mapper.Initialize(config => autoMapperTypeConfigurations.ToList().ForEach(m => m.Configure(config)));
    Mapper.AssertConfigurationIsValid();
}

这应该有效。

AutoMapper 异常：缺少类型映射配置或不支持的映射

AutoMapper Exception : Missing type map configuration or unsupported mapping

ninject

automapper

asp.net-web-api2