根据其值的类型处理字典,并使用字典理解生成另一个字典

Process a dictionary based on types of it's value and generate another dictionary by using dictionary comprehension

输入字典

{11: [1, 2], 23: 'ewewe', 3: [4], 41: 5, 55: 6}

我需要根据输入字典中的项目类型来形成另一个字典, 就像:-

{type: list of keys which has this type}

预期输出为

{<type 'list'>: [11, 3], <type 'str'>: [23], <type 'int'>: [41, 55]}

我为此编写了以下代码:-

input_dict = {1: [1, 2], 2: 'ewewe', 3: [4], 4: 5, 5: 6}
>>> d = {}
>>> seen = []
for key,val in input_dict.items():
    if type(val) in seen:
        d[type(val)].append(key)
    else:
        seen.append(type(val))
        d[type(val)] = [key]
>>> d
{<type 'list'>: [1, 3], <type 'str'>: [2], <type 'int'>: [4, 5]}

我正在尝试用字典理解替换上面的代码,我花了几个小时后还是做不到,如果有任何帮助,我们将不胜感激。提前致谢...

你不能用字典理解来做到这一点(只有一个),而是作为一种更 pythonic 的方式,你可以使用 collections.defaultdict():

>>> from collections import defaultdict
>>> d = defaultdict(list)
>>> 
>>> test = {11: [1, 2], 23: 'ewewe', 3: [4], 41: 5, 55: 6}
>>> 
>>> for i, j in test.items():
...     d[type(j)].append(i)
... 
>>> d
defaultdict(<type 'list'>, {<type 'list'>: [3, 11], <type 'str'>: [23], <type 'int'>: [41, 55]})
>>> 

使用defaultdict和字典理解(某种):

from collections import defaultdict

input_dict = {1: [1, 2], 2: 'ewewe', 3: [4], 4: 5, 5: 6}

d = defaultdict(list)
{d[type(value)].append(key) for key, value in input_dict.items()}
d = dict(d)

print(d)

输出

{<type 'list'>: [1, 3], <type 'int'>: [4, 5], <type 'str'>: [2]}