Python 和 ElementTree:如何将 elements/subelements 嵌套在 XML 中?

Python and ElementTree: How can I nest elements/subelements in an XML?

背景

我正在使用 Python 2.6ElementTreeSQLite3。我的脚本目前执行以下操作:

代码

以下是我如何检索模式数据并将元素添加到 XML。我使用 SOFTWARE_TARGET_ table 来执行此操作。这是 SOFTWARE_ table:

software_attributes =  ["id", "functionalDesignationHardware", "hwfin", "identname", "partnumber",
                        "repfin", "targetHardwareID"]

software = db.cursor().execute("SELECT %s from SOFTWARE_" % ", ".join([i + "_" for i in software_attributes]))
software_Data = software.fetchall()
ID1 = db.cursor().execute("SELECT id_ from SOFTWARE_")
software_IDs = ID1.fetchall()

for sw in software_Data:
   sw_node = ET.SubElement(root, "Software")
   for s in range(1, len(software_attributes)):
      sw_node.set(software_attributes[s], str(sw[s]))

更新: 这是我的代码 TARGET_ table:

target_attributes = ["id", "functionalDesignationSoftware", "installscriptpathname", "ata", "status",
                     "swfin", "targetOSFC", "timestamp"]

target = db.cursor().execute("SELECT %s from TARGET_" % ", ".join([i + "_" for i in target_attributes]))
target_Data = target.fetchall()
ID2 = db.cursor().execute("SELECT id_ from TARGET_")
target_IDs = ID2.fetchall()

## CURRENTLY INCORRECT - only adds to the last created Software Element ##
for tg in target_Data:
   tg_node = ET.SubElement(sw_node, "TargetModule")
   for t in range(1, len(target_attributes)):
      tg_node.set(target_attributes[t], str(tg[t]))

这就是我存储来自 table 的信息的方式,其唯一目的是连接来自 other table 的数据。 SOFTWARE_TARGET_ table 将 SOFTWARE_ 连接到 TARGET_。我将其信息存储在字典中:

software_target = db.cursor().execute("SELECT SOFTWARE1, TARGET2 from SOFTWARE_TARGET_")
software_target_Data = software_target.fetchall()

# Map SOFTWARE1 to TARGET2
separated_st_Data = {}
for item in software_target_Data:
    software1, target2 = item
    try:
        separated_st_Data[software1].append(target2)
    except KeyError:
        separated_st_Data[software1] = [target2]

尝试次数

到目前为止,我已经想出了如何设置我的 xml 格式:

<Software attribute="stuff" attribute2="Stuff"/>
<Software attribute="stuff" attribute2="Stuff"/>
<Target attribute="things" attribute2="Things"/>

但我需要的是以下格式:

<Software attribute="stuff" attribute2="Stuff"
    <Target attribute="things" attribute2="Things"/>
    <Target attribute="things" attribute2="Things"/>
</Software>
<Software attribute="stuff" attribute2="Stuff"/>

哪些 Target 个子元素属于哪些 Software 个元素由来自 SOFTWARE_TARGET_ table 的信息确定。我找到了如何遍历我的字典,像这样:

depth=0
for k,v in sorted(separated_st_Data.items(),key=lambda x: x[0]):
    if isinstance(v, dict):
        print ("  ")*depth + ("%s" % k)
        walk_dict(v,depth+1)
    else:
        print ("  ")*depth + "%s %s" % (k, v)

问题

如何根据数据库 table 中的信息创建格式正确的 XML 文件(如 Attemps 部分所述)秒?我创建了字典,认为我可以将它用于此目的 - 如果有必要,请告诉我。


备注

This 是我根据 SOFTWARE_TARGET_ table 创建的字典的样子。键表示来自 SOFTWARE_id_ 模式,值表示来自 TARGET_id_ 模式。 (如果我的术语听起来不对,请告诉我 - 数据库有时会让我感到困惑)。

创建 Target 元素时(此处问题中未给出代码),请确保将要附加的 sw_node 作为第一个参数传递。

即:

target_el = SubElement(sw_node, "Target")

而不是...

target_el = SubElement(root_node, "Target")

此类代码的典型模式可能具有以下外观(大致;需要一些测试,使用 pyformat paramstyle 为 DB-API 驱动程序编写,不适用于其他):

cursor = db.cursor()
cursor.execute("SELECT * from SOFTWARE_")
for sw_item in cursor.fetchall():
  sw_el = SubElement(root_el, 'Software') ## STORING THE ELEMENT HERE
  sw_id = None
  for idx in range(len(cursor.description)):
    name = cursor.description[idx][0]
    if name == 'id':
      sw_id = sw_item[idx]
    sw_el.attrib[name] = sw_item[idx]
  ## QUERYING FOR CHILDREN HERE
  cursor.execute("SELECT TARGET_.*
                  FROM TARGET_, SOFTWARE_TARGET_
                  WHERE SOFTWARE_TARGET_.SOFTWARE1=%(sw_id)s
                    AND SOFTWARE_TARGET_.TARGET2=TARGET_.ID",
      sw_id=sw_id)
  for target_item in cursor.fetchall():
    # create a new target element
    target_el = SubElement(sw_el, 'Target')
    # assign attributes to that element
    for idx in range(len(cursor.description)):
      name = cursor.description[idx][0].rsplit('.', 1)[-1]
      target_el.attrib[name] = target_item[idx]

哎呀,差点忘了 - 这是我在完成的 Python 脚本中最终使用的 最终代码 (减去完整脚本的一些关键元素,课程):

software_attributes =  ["id", "partnumber", "identname", "functionalDesignationHardware", "hwfin", 
                        "targetHardwareID","repfin", "amendment"]

target_attributes = ["id", "swfin", "targetOSFC", "functionalDesignationSoftware", "installscriptpathname", 
                     "ata", "status","timestamp"]

sw_current = cursor.execute("SELECT %s from SOFTWARE_" % ", ".join([i + "_" for i in software_attributes]))
sw_current = sw_current.fetchall()
for sw_item in sw_current:
    current_sw_ID = sw_item[0]

    # Create Software XML Element
    sw_element = ET.SubElement(root, "Software")
    # Set Software attributes
    for s in range(1, len(software_attributes)):
        sw_element.set(software_attributes[s], str(sw_item[s]))

    # Get all Target IDs for current Software Element
    current_tg_IDs = cursor.execute("SELECT TARGET2 from SOFTWARE_TARGET_ WHERE SOFTWARE1=?", (current_sw_ID,))
    current_tg_IDs = list(chain.from_iterable(current_tg_IDs.fetchall()))
    while len(current_tg_IDs) > 0:
        tg_id = current_tg_IDs.pop(0)
        tg_current = cursor.execute("SELECT %s from TARGET_ WHERE id_=?" % ", ".join([i + "_" for i in target_attributes]), (str(tg_id).strip('[]'),))
        tg_current = tg_current.fetchall()

        for tg_item in tg_current:
            # Create Target XML Element
            tg_element = ET.SubElement(sw_element, "TargetModule")
            # Set Target attributes
            for t in range(1, len(target_attributes)):
                tg_element.set(target_attributes[t], str(tg_item[t]))

注意: 在我上面的最后一次尝试中,我并没有像最初在这个问题中假设的那样最终使用字典方法——我的最终方法对我的目的来说更有效。有关使用字典的方法示例,请参阅此问题的选定答案。