将字典从模块导入另一个模块时出现属性错误

Question

所以我有 4 个不同的 class，我需要在一个名为 "Main" 的程序的最后将它们组合成一个 class。但是，每当我运行主程序时，在从 Employee class 访问 emp_det 字典到另一个 classes 这样我就可以使用存储在字典中的生成的员工 ID。（还有两个 class 称为 Weekly_Paid 和 Timecard，但为了简洁起见，我只提到了 3 个，因为错误似乎是普遍存在的）。（所有 3 classes 都在不同的文件中。）

我不断收到的错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/Saloni/Documents/Case Sudy 3/MAIN.py", line 28, in <module>
s.MaintainTimecard()
  File "C:/Users/Saloni/Documents/Case Sudy 3\Monthly_Paid.py", line 24, in MaintainTimecard
if emp_id in Employee.emp_det:
AttributeError: module 'Employee' has no attribute 'emp_det'

员工Class：

# ATTRIBUTES: emp_nm, emp_ph, emp_add,emp_id, emp_dob
from random import *
class Employee:
    emp_det={} #dictioary to save the details of the employees
    #emp_id:[emp_nm,emp_ph,emp_add,emp_dob]

    def add_emp(self):
        lst=[] #to store all inputed details
        print("Enter Employee Details:")
        emp_nm=input("Name: ")
        emp_ph=input("Contact Number: ")
        emp_add=input("Address: ")
        emp_dob=input("Date of Birth:")
        lst.extend([emp_nm,emp_ph,emp_add,emp_dob])  #store the details
        emp_id="emp"+str(randrange(1000,10000))
        while emp_id in Employee.emp_det:  # avoid repetition
            emp_id="emp"+str(randrange(1000,10000))
        Employee.emp_det[emp_id]=lst  # make dictionary key and store in list
        print("Your Employee ID is",emp_id)

    def del_emp(self):
        t=0  # to count number of invalid inputs
        while t<=3:
            emp_id=input("Employee ID:")
            if emp_id in Employee.emp_det:
                del Employee.emp_det[emp_id]
                t=4 # to get the program out of the loop
            else:
                print("Invalid ID. Try Again.")
                t+=1

    def edit_emp(self):
        t=0  # counting invalid inputs
        while t<=3:
            emp_id=input("Employee ID:")
            if emp_id in Employee.emp_det:  # checking validity
                print("\n Edit: \n 1.Contact \n 2.Address \n")
                ch=int(input("Option:"))
                if ch==1:
                    Employee.emp_det[emp_id][1]=input("New Contact Number:")
                elif ch==2:
                    Employee.emp_det[emp_id][2]=input("New Address:")
                else:
                    print("Invalid Option")
                t=4   #t o get the program out of the loop
            else:
                print("Invalid ID. Try Again.")
                t+=1

    def Edisplay(self):
        print("The Employees are:")
        print(" ID \t Name \t Contact \t Address \t Date of Birth")
        for i in Employee.emp_det:  # access to each dictionary element
            print(i,"\t",end=" ")
            for j in Employee.emp_det[i]:  # access every value under the key
                print(j,"\t",end=" ")
            print("\n")

月付Class

import Employee
import Timecard

class Monthly_Paid:
    fixSalary = 40000
    def AcceptTimeCard (self):
        print ("Timecard details are:")
        for i in Timecard.emp_tcinfo:
            print(i, "\t", end ="")
            for j in Timecard.emp_tcinfo[i]:
              print(j,"\t",end=" ")

    def Gen_Paycheck (self):
        emp_id = input("please enter employee ID")
        if emp_id in Employee.emp_det:
            print ("Total Salary of " + emp_id + " is :" + fixSalary)

    def MaintainTimecard (self):
        emp_id = input("Please enter your employee ID")
        if emp_id in Employee.emp_det:
            print("\n 1.Edit Start Time Hour "
                  "\n 2.Edit Start Time Minute "
                  "\n 3. Edit End Time Hour "
                  "\n 4.Edit End Time Minute")
            ch = int(input("Input option"))
            if ch == 1:
                Timecard.emp_tcinfo[emp_id][1] = input(
                                                "Input new Start Time Hour")
            if ch ==2:
                Timecard.emp_tcinfo[emp_id][2] = input(
                                                "Input new Start Time Minute")
            if ch == 3:
                Timecard.emp_tcinfo[emp_id][3] = input(
                                                "Input new End Time Hour")
            if ch == 4:
                Timecard.emp_tcinfo[emp_id][4] = input(
                                                "Input new End Time Minute")
            else:
                print("Invalid input")

主脚本

print ("Welcome to Employee Time Card System")

import Employee

e= Employee.Employee()
e.add_emp()

print("What kind of employee are you?")
print ("\n 1.Monthly Paid \n 2.Weekly Paid")

ch= int(input("Enter Choice"))

if ch ==1:
    import Monthly_Paid
    import Timecard
    s = Monthly_Paid.Monthly_Paid()
    w = Timecard.Timecard()
    print("Monthly Paid")
    t1= "y"
    while t1=="y" or t1=="Y":
        print ("\n 1.See Time Card \n2.Edit TimeCard \n 3.See Paycheck")
        ch1 = int(input("Enter Choice"))
        if ch1 == 1:
            s.AcceptTimeCard
        if ch1 == 2:
            s.MaintainTimecard()
        if ch1 == 3:
            s.Gen_Paycheck()
        else:
            print("Invalid Choice")
            t1 = input("Continue with Monthly Paid? Y/N")
elif ch == 2:
    import Weekly_Paid
    a= Weekly_Paid.Weekly_Paid()
    t2= "y"
    print ("Weekly Paid")
    while t2=="y" or t2=="Y":
        print ("\n 1.See Time Card \n2.Edit TimeCard \n 3.See Paycheck")
        ch1 = int(input("Enter Choice"))
        if ch1 == 1:
            a.AcceptTimeCard()
        if ch1 == 2:
            a.MaintainTimeCard()
        if ch1 == 3:
            a.Gen_Paycheck()
        else:
            print("Invalid Choice")
        t2 = input("Continue with Weekly Paid? Y/N")
else:
    print("Invalid choice")

Answer 1

import Employee 将查找模块 Employee.py。如果没有名为 Employee.py 的文件，那么您将无法进行导入。

因此，在 Monthly-Paid Class 文件中，您必须执行以下操作：

from path.to.employee_file_name import Employee

然后问题就出现了，因为有一个名为 Employee 的模块，但它包含一个名为 Employee 的 class。导入模块 Employee 不会自动授予您访问 class 的权限。访问的属性 Employee class 称为 emp_det 你必须指定 class。因此，如果您使用

导入

from Employee import Employee

要访问您需要：

Employee.emp_det

或者，如果您导入：

import Employee

然后访问你需要：

Employee.Employee.emp_det

将字典从模块导入另一个模块时出现属性错误

Attribute Error when importing dictionary from module to another

python

dictionary

python-module