C++ 使用默认值在 Struct 中实例化 2D Vector

C++ Instantiate 2D Vector inside Struct with default values

使用 C++11,我最初有一个具有默认值的以下形式的二维向量:

vector<vector<int>> upper({{1,2,3,4,5,6},{7,8,9,10,11,-1},{12,13,14,15,-1,-1},{16,17,18,-1,-1,-1},{19,20,-1,-1,-1,-1},{21,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1}});
vector<vector<int>> lower({{0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,-1},{0,0,0,0,-1,-1},{0,0,0,-1,-1,-1},{0,0,-1,-1,-1,-1},{0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1}});

这代表了我要解开的谜题的上下两部分。现在我想修改我的程序,以便在结构内声明这些向量,但我不确定如何执行此操作并为二维向量提供默认值。这是我目前拥有的:

struct BoardState{
vector<int> row;
vector<vector<int>> upper;
vector<vector<int>> lower;

BoardState() : row(6,0), upper(6,row), lower(6,row) {};
};

但是当我尝试访问里面的内容时它会导致段错误,使用:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <stdlib.h>

BoardState *board;
int main(){
            using namespace std;
            ...
            for(int i=0; i<6; i++){
                for(int j=0; j<6; j++){
                    cout << board->upper[i][j] << " ";
                }
                cout << endl;
            }

}

如何为结构内的二维向量赋予默认值?谢谢

来自 gcc warning" 'will be initialized after'

Make sure the members appear in the initializer list in the same order as they appear in the class.

编辑:

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

struct BoardState{
vector<int> row;
vector<vector<int>> upper;
vector<vector<int>> lower;
BoardState() : row(6,0), upper(6,row), lower(6,row) {};
};

int main() {
    BoardState board;
    for(int i=0; i<6; i++){
        for(int j=0; j<6; j++){
            cout << board.upper[i][j] << " ";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }
}

I'm not sure how to do this and give the 2d vectors default values.

与结构外完全一样

#include <vector>
#include <iostream>

struct BoardState
 {
   std::vector<std::vector<int>> upper{{1,2,3,4,5,6},{7,8,9,10,11,-1},
                                       {12,13,14,15,-1,-1},{16,17,18,-1,-1,-1},
                                       {19,20,-1,-1,-1,-1},{21,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1}};
   std::vector<std::vector<int>> lower{{0,0,0,0,0,0},{0,0,0,0,0,-1},
                                       {0,0,0,0,-1,-1},{0,0,0,-1,-1,-1},
                                       {0,0,-1,-1,-1,-1},{0,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1}};
   std::vector<int> row;

   BoardState()
    { }
 };

int main()
 {
   BoardState bs;

   std::cout << bs.upper[3][1] << std::endl;   // print 17
 }

struct BoardState
 {
   std::vector<int> row {6, 0};
   std::vector<std::vector<int>> upper {6, row};
   std::vector<std::vector<int>> lower {6, row};

   BoardState()
    { }
 };

(在这种情况下,打印 0)。

请注意,正如 ArchbishopOfBanterbury 和 Petter 所解释的那样,成员按照声明的顺序进行初始化;所以,如果你想用row初始化upperlower,你必须在row之前声明。