我的 bug/glitch 在哪里？

Question

我正在尝试用海龟在 python 中绘制美国国旗，结果在我的代码中迷路了，没有找到我的错误。我也不知道如何给我的旗帜上色......我认为行得通的东西是行不通的......我做了一些事情，现在我的代码崩溃了大约一半......请帮助我我是编程新手...

到目前为止，这是我的代码。

import turtle
import time
import random

def draw_rectangle(length, height):
    turtle.up()
    x = -150
    y = 150
    C = height*(7/13)
    D = length*(2/5)
    L = stripe_width = float(round(height/13,1))

    ## Draw rectangle first.
    turtle.begin_fill()
    turtle.setpos(x,y)
    turtle.down()
    turtle.forward(length)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(height)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(length)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(height)
    turtle.end_fill()

    ## Then draw the stripes.
    x1 = -150
    y1 = 150-L
    for z in range(13):
        if z%2 == 0:
            r = s = t = 0
        else:
            r = s = t = 1
        turtle.up()
        turtle.speed(100)
        turtle.setpos(x1,y1)
        turtle.setheading(90)
        turtle.down()
        turtle.color(r,s,t)
        turtle.begin_fill()
        turtle.forward(L)
        turtle.right(90)
        turtle.forward(length)
        turtle.right(90)
        turtle.forward(L)
        turtle.right(90)
        turtle.forward(length)
        turtle.end_fill()
        y1 -= L

    ## Finally draw the stars rectangle overlapping the stripes, next is stars.
    x2 = -150 + D
    y2 = 150.5 - C
    turtle.up()
    turtle.setpos(x2,y2)
    turtle.down()
    turtle.color('yellow')
    turtle.begin_fill()
    turtle.forward(D)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(C)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(D)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(C)
    turtle.end_fill()
    turtle.up()


def draw_star(l, h):
    for z in range(50):
        if z < 7:
            row = 140
            draw_starrows(row)
        if z < 14:
            row = row - 20
            draw_starrows(row)
        if z < 21:
            row = row - 20
            draw_starrows(row)
        if z < 28:
            row = row - 20
            draw_starrows(row)
        if z < 35:
            row = row - 20
            draw_starrows(row)
            ## This gets the turtle pen out of the way at the very end.
            turtle.up()
            turtle.setpos(-180,100)
        break

def draw_starrows(row):
    x = -160
    y = 150
    for z in range(10):
        x += 15
        turtle.up()
        turtle.color(1,1,1)
        turtle.speed(100)
        turtle.setpos(x,row)
        turtle.begin_fill()
        turtle.down()
        turtle.forward(6.154)
        turtle.left(144)
        turtle.forward(6.154)
        turtle.left(144)
        turtle.forward(6.154)
        turtle.left(144)
        turtle.forward(6.154)
        turtle.left(144)
        turtle.forward(6.154)
        turtle.left(144)
        turtle.end_fill()
    #turtle.bye # closes turtle window

def get_color(color2):
    ## If color2 equals 1, then make the color white.
    if color2 == 1:
        r = g = b = 1
        return (r, g, b)
    ## If color2 equals 0, then make the color red.
    if color2 == 0:
        r = 1
        g = 0
        b = 0
        return (r, g, b)
    ## If color2 equals 2, then make the color black.
    if color2 == 2:
        r = 0
        g = 0
        b = 1
        return (r, g, b)

def draw_flag():
    A = 200
    height = int(A)
##    length = height*1.9
##    C = height*(7/13)
##    D = length*(2/5)
##    E = F = union_height/10
##    G = H = union_length/12
##    stripe_width = height/13
##    diameter_star = stripe_width*(4/5)
    draw_rectangle(height*1.9, height)

draw_flag()

Answer 1

我相信您拥有所有关键组件。您主要需要考虑大小和起始位置，而不是硬编码值，并保持简单。（例如 color("blue") 而不是 color(r, s, t)，直到你开始工作。）仔细看看旗帜上的星星排列。

我已经根据我上面的评论重新编写了您的代码并进行了一些样式更改：

import turtle

X_POSITION, Y_POSITION = -150, 150

def draw_rectangle(length, height):
    turtle.up()

    C = height * (7 / 13.0)
    D = length * (2 / 5.0)
    L = height * (1 / 13.0)

    ## Draw rectangle first.

    turtle.setpos(X_POSITION, Y_POSITION)

    turtle.down()

    turtle.forward(length)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(height)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(length)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(height)

    ## Then draw the red stripes.

    x, y = X_POSITION, Y_POSITION - L

    turtle.color("red")

    for z in range(0, 13, 2):
        turtle.up()

        turtle.setpos(x, y)
        turtle.setheading(90)

        turtle.down()

        turtle.begin_fill()
        turtle.forward(L)
        turtle.right(90)
        turtle.forward(length)
        turtle.right(90)
        turtle.forward(L)
        turtle.right(90)
        turtle.forward(length)
        turtle.end_fill()

        y -= 2 * L

    ## Draw the stars rectangle overlapping the stripes

    turtle.up()

    turtle.color('blue')
    turtle.setpos(X_POSITION + D, Y_POSITION - C)

    turtle.down()

    turtle.begin_fill()
    turtle.forward(D)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(C)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(D)
    turtle.right(90)
    turtle.forward(C)
    turtle.end_fill()

    ## next is stars

    turtle.up()

    draw_stars(D, C)

    turtle.up()

    ## This gets the turtle pen out of the way at the very end.
    turtle.hideturtle()

def draw_stars(length, height):
    row = height // 9
    row_offset = row / 2.0
    column = length // 6
    column_offset = column / 2.0

    y_position = row_offset

    for z in range(9):
        if z % 2 == 0:
            draw_starrows(6, column_offset, y_position, column)
        else:
            draw_starrows(5, column, y_position, column)

        y_position += row

def draw_starrows(star_count, x_offset, y_offset, spacing):
    x, y = X_POSITION, Y_POSITION

    turtle.color("white")

    for z in range(star_count):
        turtle.up()

        turtle.setpos(x + x_offset, y - y_offset)
        turtle.begin_fill()

        turtle.down()

        for _ in range(5):
            turtle.forward(6.154)
            turtle.left(144)

        turtle.end_fill()

        x += spacing

def draw_flag(height):
    turtle.speed("fastest")
    draw_rectangle(height * 1.9, height)

draw_flag(200)

turtle.done()

尽管缩放现在基本有效（尝试 draw_flag(100)）星星本身（顺便说一句，你在这方面做得很好）仍然是固定大小，所以你需要返回并缩放它们以匹配旗帜的其余部分：

我的 bug/glitch 在哪里？

Where is my bug/glitch?

python

turtle-graphics