使用 golang 代码关闭 windows

Question

我正在制作一个程序，为我自动执行一些繁琐的任务，程序完成后我想关闭 windows。我知道这可以在例如 C#

中完成

如何使用 golang 关闭 window？

Answer 1

syscall 包中没有 "Shutdown OS" 函数，因为所有操作系统都没有为此提供通用接口。

^{注：有一个syscall.Shutdown() function, but that is to shutdown a socket，并没有关闭操作系统。}

最简单的方法是只执行 shutdown command using the os/exec 包，例如

if err := exec.Command("cmd", "/C", "shutdown", "/s").Run(); err != nil {
    fmt.Println("Failed to initiate shutdown:", err)
}

上面的命令启动一个关机序列，通常需要 1 分钟才能真正关闭系统（并且有足够的空间用 shutdown /a 中止它）。您可以为 shutdown 命令提供不同的参数以不等待 1 分钟而是立即继续：shutdown /t 0 /s（执行 shutdown /? 以获取所有选项的列表）。

还有一个WindowsAPI关闭系统的调用：ExitWindowsEx()。它有 2 个参数，第一个是定义关闭类型的标志（0x08 表示 Shuts down the system and turns off the power.），第二个是提供关闭的原因。要从 Go 中调用它，您可以这样做：

user32 := syscall.MustLoadDLL("user32")
defer user32.Release()

exitwin := user32.MustFindProc("ExitWindowsEx")

r1, _, err := exitwin.Call(0x08, 0)
if r1 != 1 {
    fmt.Println("Failed to initiate shutdown:", err)
}

但要知道您需要 SE_SHUTDOWN_NAME 权限才能调用 ExitWindowsEx()，否则您会收到如下错误消息：

Failed to initiate shutdown: A required privilege is not held by the client.

查看此示例 how to acquire the required privilege。

Answer 2

感谢 post，非常有帮助。这是执行重启的完整函数。它完全遵循前面提到的 Microsoft 示例。应该有助于节省计算结构的时间：

import (
    "fmt"
    "syscall"
    "unsafe"
)

// error is nil on success
func reboot() error {

    user32 := syscall.MustLoadDLL("user32")
    defer user32.Release()

    kernel32 := syscall.MustLoadDLL("kernel32")
    defer user32.Release()

    advapi32 := syscall.MustLoadDLL("advapi32")
    defer advapi32.Release()

    ExitWindowsEx := user32.MustFindProc("ExitWindowsEx")
    GetCurrentProcess := kernel32.MustFindProc("GetCurrentProcess")
    GetLastError := kernel32.MustFindProc("GetLastError")
    OpenProdcessToken := advapi32.MustFindProc("OpenProcessToken")
    LookupPrivilegeValue := advapi32.MustFindProc("LookupPrivilegeValueW")
    AdjustTokenPrivileges := advapi32.MustFindProc("AdjustTokenPrivileges")

    currentProcess, _, _ := GetCurrentProcess.Call()

    const tokenAdjustPrivileges = 0x0020
    const tokenQuery = 0x0008
    var hToken uintptr

    result, _, err := OpenProdcessToken.Call(currentProcess, tokenAdjustPrivileges|tokenQuery, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&hToken)))
    if result != 1 {
        fmt.Println("OpenProcessToken(): ", result, " err: ", err)
        return err
    }
    //fmt.Println("hToken: ", hToken)

    const SeShutdownName = "SeShutdownPrivilege"

    type Luid struct {
        lowPart  uint32 // DWORD
        highPart int32  // long
    }
    type LuidAndAttributes struct {
        luid       Luid   // LUID
        attributes uint32 // DWORD
    }

    type TokenPrivileges struct {
        privilegeCount uint32 // DWORD
        privileges     [1]LuidAndAttributes
    }

    var tkp TokenPrivileges

    result, _, err = LookupPrivilegeValue.Call(uintptr(0), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(syscall.StringToUTF16Ptr(SeShutdownName))), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&(tkp.privileges[0].luid))))
    if result != 1 {
        fmt.Println("LookupPrivilegeValue(): ", result, " err: ", err)
        return err
    }
    //fmt.Println("LookupPrivilegeValue luid: ", tkp.privileges[0].luid)

    const SePrivilegeEnabled uint32 = 0x00000002

    tkp.privilegeCount = 1
    tkp.privileges[0].attributes = SePrivilegeEnabled

    result, _, err = AdjustTokenPrivileges.Call(hToken, 0, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&tkp)), 0, uintptr(0), 0)
    if result != 1 {
        fmt.Println("AdjustTokenPrivileges() ", result, " err: ", err)
        return err
    }

    result, _, _ = GetLastError.Call()
    if result != 0 {
        fmt.Println("GetLastError() ", result)
        return err
    }

    const ewxForceIfHung = 0x00000010
    const ewxReboot = 0x00000002
    const shutdownReasonMajorSoftware = 0x00030000

    result, _, err = ExitWindowsEx.Call(ewxReboot|ewxForceIfHung, shutdownReasonMajorSoftware)
    if result != 1 {
        fmt.Println("Failed to initiate reboot:", err)
        return err
    }

    return nil
}

使用 golang 代码关闭 windows

Shutting down windows using golang code

windows

shutdown

go