在 Swift 中使用 SecRandomCopyBytes

Question

我想在 Swift 3.0 中使用 SecRandomCopyBytes 生成随机字节。这是我在 Swift 2.2

中的做法

private static func generateRandomBytes() -> String? {
    let data = NSMutableData(length: Int(32))

    let result = SecRandomCopyBytes(kSecRandomDefault, 32, UnsafeMutablePointer<UInt8>(data!.mutableBytes))
    if result == errSecSuccess {
        return data!.base64EncodedString(options: NSData.Base64EncodingOptions(rawValue: 0))
    } else {
        print("Problem generating random bytes")
        return nil
    }
}

在 Swift 3 中，我尝试这样做，因为我知道现在 unsafemutablebytes 的概念不同了，但它不允许我这样做 return。如果我注释掉 return 部分，它仍然显示 Generic Parameter ResultType could not be inferred

fileprivate static func generateRandomBytes() -> String? {
    var keyData = Data(count: 32)
    _ = keyData.withUnsafeMutableBytes {mutableBytes in
        let result = SecRandomCopyBytes(kSecRandomDefault, keyData.count, mutableBytes)
        if result == errSecSuccess {
            return keyData.base64EncodedString(options: NSData.Base64EncodingOptions(rawValue: 0))
        } else {
            print("Problem generating random bytes")
            return nil
        }
    }
    return nil
}

有人知道如何解决这个问题吗？

谢谢

Answer 1

你很接近，但是 return 在闭包内 returns 来自闭包，而不是来自外部函数。因此只应调用 SecRandomCopyBytes() 关闭，返回结果。

func generateRandomBytes() -> String? {

    var keyData = Data(count: 32)
    let result = keyData.withUnsafeMutableBytes {
        (mutableBytes: UnsafeMutablePointer<UInt8>) -> Int32 in
        SecRandomCopyBytes(kSecRandomDefault, 32, mutableBytes)
    }
    if result == errSecSuccess {
        return keyData.base64EncodedString()
    } else {
        print("Problem generating random bytes")
        return nil
    }
}

对于"single-expression closure"闭包类型可以推断自动，因此可以缩短为

func generateRandomBytes() -> String? {

    var keyData = Data(count: 32)
    let result = keyData.withUnsafeMutableBytes {
        SecRandomCopyBytes(kSecRandomDefault, 32, [=11=])
    }
    if result == errSecSuccess {
        return keyData.base64EncodedString()
    } else {
        print("Problem generating random bytes")
        return nil
    }
}

Swift 5 更新：

func generateRandomBytes() -> String? {

    var keyData = Data(count: 32)
    let result = keyData.withUnsafeMutableBytes {
        SecRandomCopyBytes(kSecRandomDefault, 32, [=12=].baseAddress!)
    }
    if result == errSecSuccess {
        return keyData.base64EncodedString()
    } else {
        print("Problem generating random bytes")
        return nil
    }
}

Answer 2

根据 Apple Documentation 看起来类似于：

public func randomData(ofLength length: Int) throws -> Data {
    var bytes = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: length)
    let status = SecRandomCopyBytes(kSecRandomDefault, length, &bytes)
    if status == errSecSuccess {
        return Data(bytes: bytes)
    }
    // throw an error
}

或作为额外的初始值设定项：

public extension Data {
    public init(randomOfLength length: Int) throws {
        var bytes = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: length)
        let status = SecRandomCopyBytes(kSecRandomDefault, length, &bytes)
        if status == errSecSuccess {
            self.init(bytes: bytes)
        } else {
            // throw an error
        }
    }
}

Answer 3

这是使用 Swift 5:

实现功能的最简单 "Swiftiest" 方法

func generateRandomBytes() -> String? {
    var bytes = [UInt8](repeating: 0, count: 32)
    let result = SecRandomCopyBytes(kSecRandomDefault, bytes.count, &bytes)

    guard result == errSecSuccess else {
        print("Problem generating random bytes")
        return nil
    }

    return Data(bytes).base64EncodedString()
}

通常，在 Swift 中，当函数的控制流取决于表达式的成功或失败或是否存在非零值。

在 Swift 中使用 SecRandomCopyBytes

Using SecRandomCopyBytes in Swift

ios

swift

swift3

swift5